C++ 中的string的简单使用 （续）

//----------------------------------------------------

//AUTHOR: lanyang123456

//DATE: 2014-10-28

//---------------------------------------------------

例子1：

/*
str2.cpp

$ g++ -o test str2.cpp

OS:64bit OS Ubuntu
*/

#include <string>
#include <iostream>

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
	string teststring("OK OK OK OK OK OK ");
	char buffer[] = " hello  hello  hello  hello  hello  hello ";
	
	cout<<"Now the string:"<<teststring<<endl;
	printf("Now the string:%s\n",teststring.c_str());//返回一个以null终止的c字符串
	printf("sizeof string = %lu\n", sizeof(string));
	printf("string.capacity = %lu\n", teststring.capacity());//返回当前容量（即string中不必增加内存即可存放的元素个数）
	printf("string.max_size = %lu\n", teststring.max_size());//返回string对象中可存放的最大字符串的长度
	printf("string.size = %lu\n", teststring.size());//返回当前字符串的大小
	printf("string.length = %lu\n", teststring.length());//返回当前字符串的长度

	teststring.append("two\0three");//"\0"以后的不会附加到字符串中
	printf("after the first append\n");
	cout<<"Now the string"<<teststring<<endl;
	printf("sizeof teststring = %lu\n", sizeof(teststring));
	printf("string.capacity = %lu\n", teststring.capacity());
	printf("string.max_size = %lu\n", teststring.max_size());
	printf("string.size = %lu\n", teststring.size());
	printf("string.length = %lu\n", teststring.length());

	//teststring.append(buffer, strlen(buffer));
	teststring.append("four\0five", strlen("four\0five"));//strlen遇到"\0"同样结束
	printf("after the second append\n");
	cout<<"Now the string"<<teststring<<endl;
	printf("sizeof teststring = %lu\n", sizeof(teststring));
	printf("string.capacity = %lu\n", teststring.capacity());
	printf("string.max_size = %lu\n", teststring.max_size());
	printf("string.size = %lu\n", teststring.size());
	printf("string.length = %lu\n", teststring.length());



	return 0;
}

$ ./test
Now the string:OK OK OK OK OK OK
Now the string:OK OK OK OK OK OK
sizeof string = 8
string.capacity = 18
string.max_size = 4611686018427387897
string.size = 18
string.length = 18
after the first append
Now the stringOK OK OK OK OK OK two
sizeof teststring = 8
string.capacity = 36
string.max_size = 4611686018427387897
string.size = 21
string.length = 21
after the second append
Now the stringOK OK OK OK OK OK twofour
sizeof teststring = 8
string.capacity = 36
string.max_size = 4611686018427387897
string.size = 25
string.length = 25

例子2：

/*
stringtest.cpp

$ g++ -o test stringtest.cpp

OS:64bit OS Ubuntu
*/

#include <string>
#include <iostream>

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
	string teststring;
	teststring.append("four\0five", 9);//

	//char buffer[] = " hello  hello  hello  hello  hello  hello ";
	
	cout<<"Now the string:"<<teststring<<endl;
	printf("Now the string:%s\n",teststring.c_str());//返回一个以null终止的c字符串
	printf("Now the string:%s\n",teststring.data());//返回一个非null终止的c字符数组

	printf("Now the string:");
	for (int i; i < teststring.size(); i++) {
		printf("%c", *(teststring.c_str() + i));//??
	}
	printf("\n");

	printf("Now the string:");
	for (int i; i < teststring.size(); i++) {
		printf("%c", *(teststring.data() + i));
	}
	printf("\n");

	printf("Now the string:");
	for (int i; i < teststring.size(); i++) {
		printf("%c", teststring.at(i));
	}
	printf("\n");

	printf("sizeof string = %lu\n", sizeof(string));
	printf("string.capacity = %lu\n", teststring.capacity());//返回当前容量（即string中不必增加内存即可存放的元素个数）
	printf("string.max_size = %lu\n", teststring.max_size());//返回string对象中可存放的最大字符串的长度
	printf("string.size = %lu\n", teststring.size());//返回当前字符串的大小
	printf("string.length = %lu\n", teststring.length());//返回当前字符串的长度


	return 0;
}

 ./test3
Now the string:fourfive
Now the string:four
sizeof string = 8
string.capacity = 9
string.max_size = 4611686018427387897
string.size = 9
string.length = 9

例子3：

/*


$ g++ -o test4 str4.cpp

OS:64bit OS Ubuntu
*/

#include <string>
#include <iostream>

#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace std;


struct st{
	int a;
	char c;
};

int main()
{
	string teststring;
	struct st st1 = {32, 'c'};
	teststring.append((char *)&st1, sizeof(st1));//

	

	//printf("Now the string:%s\n",teststring.data());//返回一个非null终止的c字符数组


	printf("int = %d, char = %c\n", ((struct st *)teststring.data())->a,  ((struct st *)teststring.data())->c);


	printf("sizeof string = %lu\n", sizeof(string));
	printf("string.capacity = %lu\n", teststring.capacity());//返回当前容量（即string中不必增加内存即可存放的元素个数）
	printf("string.max_size = %lu\n", teststring.max_size());//返回string对象中可存放的最大字符串的长度
	printf("string.size = %lu\n", teststring.size());//返回当前字符串的大小
	printf("string.length = %lu\n", teststring.length());//返回当前字符串的长度


	return 0;
}

./test4
int = 32, char = c
sizeof string = 8
string.capacity = 8
string.max_size = 4611686018427387897
string.size = 8
string.length = 8