task2心跳信号预测数据分析

心跳信号分类数据分析

1. 载入各种数据科学以及可视化库:
   • 数据科学库 pandas、numpy、scipy；
   • 可视化库 matplotlib、seabon；
2. 载入数据：
   • 载入训练集和测试集；
   • 简略观察数据(head()+shape)；
3. 数据总览:
   • 通过describe()来熟悉数据的相关统计量
   • 通过info()来熟悉数据类型
4. 判断数据缺失和异常
   • 查看每列的存在nan情况
   • 异常值检测
5. 了解预测值的分布
   • 总体分布概况
   • 查看skewness and kurtosis
   • 查看预测值的具体频数

导入包

import os
import gc
import math

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

import lightgbm as lgb
import xgboost as xgb
from catboost import CatBoostRegressor
from sklearn.linear_model import SGDRegressor, LinearRegression, Ridge
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler


from sklearn.model_selection import StratifiedKFold, KFold
from sklearn.metrics import log_loss
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.preprocessing import OneHotEncoder

from tqdm import tqdm
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import time
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')

载入数据

train = pd.read_csv(r'D:\kesci\heart\train.csv')
test=pd.read_csv(r'D:\kesci\heart\testA.csv')

观察数据首尾数据

train.head().append(train.tail())

	id	heartbeat_signals	label
0	0	0.9912297987616655,0.9435330436439665,0.764677...	0.0
1	1	0.9714822034884503,0.9289687459588268,0.572932...	0.0
2	2	1.0,0.9591487564065292,0.7013782792997189,0.23...	2.0
3	3	0.9757952826275774,0.9340884687738161,0.659636...	0.0
4	4	0.0,0.055816398940721094,0.26129357194994196,0...	2.0
99995	99995	1.0,0.677705342021188,0.22239242747868546,0.25...	0.0
99996	99996	0.9268571578157265,0.9063471198026871,0.636993...	2.0
99997	99997	0.9258351628306013,0.5873839035878395,0.633226...	3.0
99998	99998	1.0,0.9947621698382489,0.8297017704865509,0.45...	2.0
99999	99999	0.9259994004527861,0.916476635326053,0.4042900...	0.0

test.head().append(test.tail())

	id	heartbeat_signals
0	100000	0.9915713654170097,1.0,0.6318163407681274,0.13...
1	100001	0.6075533139615096,0.5417083883163654,0.340694...
2	100002	0.9752726292239277,0.6710965234906665,0.686758...
3	100003	0.9956348033996116,0.9170249621481004,0.521096...
4	100004	1.0,0.8879490481178918,0.745564725322326,0.531...
19995	119995	1.0,0.8330283177934747,0.6340472606311671,0.63...
19996	119996	1.0,0.8259705825857048,0.4521053488322387,0.08...
19997	119997	0.951744840752379,0.9162611283848351,0.6675251...
19998	119998	0.9276692903808186,0.6771898159607004,0.242906...
19999	119999	0.6653212231837624,0.527064114047737,0.5166625...

观察数据行列信息

train.shape

(100000, 3)

test.shape

(20000, 2)

观察数据整体概况

#获取数据的相关统计量
train.describe()
#获取数据类型
train.info()

判断数据缺失和异常

train.isnull().sum()

id 0
heartbeat_signals 0
label 0
dtype: int64

预测值分布情况

train['label'].value_counts()

0.0 64327
3.0 17912
2.0 14199
1.0 3562
Name: label, dtype: int64

总体分布情况

import scipy.stats as st
y = Train_data['label']
plt.figure(1); plt.title('Default')
sns.distplot(y, rug=True, bins=20)
plt.figure(2); plt.title('Normal')
sns.distplot(y, kde=False, fit=st.norm)
plt.figure(3); plt.title('Log Normal')
sns.distplot(y, kde=False, fit=st.lognorm)

#查看skewness and kurtosis
sns.distplot(Train_data['label']);
print("Skewness: %f" % Train_data['label'].skew())
print("Kurtosis: %f" % Train_data['label'].kurt())

## 查看预测值的具体频数
plt.hist(Train_data['label'], orientation = 'vertical',histtype = 'bar', color ='red')
plt.show()