Day_11 SpringMVC

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-10 09:56:47 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-10-10 09:56:47 发布

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文章标签： restful java 后端

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lbw18/article/details/124659579

版权

01-Restful风格查询用户(掌握)

需求
- 根据id查询用户

分析

http://localhost:8080/day23/user/selectUserById?id=1 : GET请求

http://localhost:8080/day23/user/1 : GET请求

代码实现

<a th:href="@{/user/1}">selectUserById</a>

@GetMapping("/user/{userId}")
public String selectUserById(@PathVariable Integer userId){
    System.out.println("userId = " + userId);
    return "index";
}

02-Restful风格删除用户(掌握)

需求
- 根据id删除用户

分析

http://localhost:8080/day23/user/deleteUserById?userId=1 : POST请求

http://localhost:8080/day23/user/1 : DELETE请求

代码实现

<div id="app">



    <!--02-Restful风格删除用户-->

    <form  method="post" id="deleteUserById">
        <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="delete">
    </form>
    <a th:href="@{/user/1}" @click.prevent="deleteUserById()">deleteUserById</a>
</div>


</body>
<script th:src="@{/js/vue.js}"></script>
<script>

    var vue = new Vue({
        el: "#app",
        data: {},
        methods: {
            deleteUserById(){
                var formEle = document.getElementById("deleteUserById");
                var href = event.target.href;
                formEle.action = href;
                formEle.submit();
            }

        }
    })

</script>

@DeleteMapping("/user/{userId}")
public String deleteUserById(@PathVariable Integer userId) {
    System.out.println("deleteUserById userId = " + userId);
    return "index";
}

03-Restful风格添加用户(掌握)

需求
- 添加用户

分析

http://localhost:8080/day23/user/addUser?userName=liaoxurui&userPwd=250 : POST请求

http://localhost:8080/day23/user?userName=liaoxurui&userPwd=250 : POST请求

代码实现

<form th:action="@{/user}" method="post">
    账户:<input type="text" name="userName" ><br>
    密码:<input type="text" name="userPwd"><br>
    <button type="submit">addUser</button>
</form>

@PostMapping("/user")
public String addUser(String userName , String userPwd){
    System.out.println("addUser userName = " + userName);
    System.out.println("addUser userPwd = " + userPwd);
    return "index";
}

04-Restful风格登录功能(掌握)

需求
- 用户登录功能

分析

http://localhost:8080/day23/user/login?userName=root&userPwd=root : POST请求

http://localhost:8080/day23/user/login?userName=root&userPwd=root : POST请求

代码实现

<form th:action="@{/user/login}" method="post">
    账户:<input type="text" name="userName" ><br>
    密码:<input type="text" name="userPwd"><br>
    <button type="submit">login</button>
</form>

@PostMapping("/user/login")
public String login(String userName , String userPwd){
    System.out.println("login userName = " + userName);
    System.out.println("login userPwd = " + userPwd);
    return "index";
}

05-Restful风格修改用户功能(掌握)

需求
- 修改用户

分析

http://localhost:8080/day23/user/updateUser?userId=1&userName=root&userPwd=root : POST请求

http://localhost:8080/day23/user?userId=1&userName=root&userPwd=root : PUT请求

代码实现

<form th:action="@{/user}" method="post">
    <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put">
    <input type="hidden" name="userId" value="1">
    账户:<input type="text" name="userName" ><br>
    密码:<input type="text" name="userPwd"><br>
    <button type="submit">updateUser</button>
</form>

@PutMapping("/user")
public String updateUser(Integer userId , String userName , String userPwd) {
    System.out.println("updateUser userId = " + userId);
    System.out.println("updateUser userName = " + userName);
    System.out.println("updateUser userPwd = " + userPwd);
    return "index";
}

06-SpringMVC获取AJAX发送的普通参数(掌握)

概述
- SpringMVC接收异步请求发送的普通参数(键值对)

代码实现

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>AJAX请求</title>
</head>
<body>

<div id="app">

    <form @submit.prevent="updateUser()">
        <input type="hidden" v-model="user.userId">
        账户:<input type="text" v-model="user.userName"><br>
        密码:<input type="text" v-model="user.userPwd"><br>
        <button>发送普通参数</button>
    </form>


</div>
</body>
<script th:src="@{/js/vue.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/js/axios.js}"></script>

<script>
    var vue = new Vue({
        el: "#app",
        data: {
            user: {
                userId: 1
            }
        },
        methods: {
            updateUser() {
                axios({
                    method: "put",
                    url: "/day23/ajax/updateUser",
                    params: {
                        userId: this.user.userId,
                        userName: this.user.userName,
                        userPwd: this.user.userPwd
                    }
                }).then(function (res) {
                    console.log(res);
                })

            }
        }
    })

</script>
</html>

@PutMapping("/ajax/updateUser")
public String updateUser(User user){
    System.out.println("updateUser user = " + user);
    return "index";
}

07-SpringMVC获取AJAX发送的请求体json(掌握)

@RequestBody
- ①获取请求体
- ②将json字符串转换为javabean对象

代码实现

updateUser2(){
    axios({
        method: "put",
        url: "/day23/ajax/updateUser4",
        data: {
            userId: this.user.userId,
            userName: this.user.userName,
            userPwd: this.user.userPwd
        }
    }).then(function (res) {
        console.log(res);
    })
}

@PutMapping("/ajax/updateUser2")
public String updateUser2(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
    //①获取请求体
    BufferedReader reader = request.getReader();
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    String content = null;
    while ((content = reader.readLine()) != null) {
        sb.append(content);
    }
    String jsonStr = sb.toString();
    //②将json字符串转换为javabean对象
    User user = new ObjectMapper().readValue(jsonStr, User.class);
    System.out.println("updateUser2 user = " + user);
    return "index";
}

@PutMapping("/ajax/updateUser3")
public String updateUser3(@RequestBody String jsonStr) throws IOException {
    //①获取请求体

    //②将json字符串转换为javabean对象
    User user = new ObjectMapper().readValue(jsonStr, User.class);
    System.out.println("updateUser3 user = " + user);
    return "index";
}


/**
* 推荐
*/
@PutMapping("/ajax/updateUser4")
public String updateUser4(@RequestBody User user) throws IOException {
    //①获取请求体
    //②将json字符串转换为javabean对象
    System.out.println("updateUser4 user = " + user);
    return "index";
}

08-SpringMVC响应json字符串(掌握)

@ResponseBody
- ①将javabean对象转换为json字符串
- ②将json字符串作为响应正文返回
- ③解决响应正文中文乱码问题

代码实现

@PutMapping("/ajax/updateUser5")
public void updateUser5(@RequestBody User user, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
    //①获取请求体
    //②将json字符串转换为javabean对象
    System.out.println("updateUser4 user = " + user);

    //①将javabean对象转换为json字符串
    response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
    String jsonStr = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(new ResultVO<>(true, "修改成功!", null));
    //②将json字符串作为响应正文返回
    response.getWriter().write(jsonStr);
}


@ResponseBody
@PutMapping("/ajax/updateUser6")
public String updateUser6(@RequestBody User user, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
    //①获取请求体
    //②将json字符串转换为javabean对象
    System.out.println("updateUser4 user = " + user);

    //①将javabean对象转换为json字符串
    String jsonStr = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(new ResultVO<>(true, "修改成功!", null));
    //②将json字符串作为响应正文返回
    return jsonStr;
}


/**
* 推荐
*/
@ResponseBody
@PutMapping("/ajax/updateUser7")
public ResultVO updateUser7(@RequestBody User user, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
    //①获取请求体
    //②将json字符串转换为javabean对象
    System.out.println("updateUser4 user = " + user);

    //①将javabean对象转换为json字符串
    //②将json字符串作为响应正文返回
    return new ResultVO<>(true,"修改成功!",null);
}

09-SpringMVC异常处理概述(掌握)

概述
- 一个项目中会包含很多个模块，各个模块需要分工完成。如果张三负责的模块按照 A 方案处理异常，李四负责的模块按照 B 方法处理异常……各个模块处理异常的思路、代码、命名细节都不一样，那么就会让整个项目非常混乱。
- 将异常类型和某个具体的视图关联起来，建立映射关系。可以通过 SpringMVC 框架来帮助我们管理异常。
好处
- 让异常控制和核心业务解耦，二者各自维护，结构性更好
- 整个项目层面使用同一套规则来管理异常

10-注解开发异常处理器(掌握)

概述
- 使用@ControllerAdvice, @ExceptionHandler这两个注解来处理异常.
  - @ControllerAdvice用于标注异常处理类
  - @ExceptionHandler用于标注异常处理方法

代码实现

@ControllerAdvice
public class MyExceptionAdvice {


    @ExceptionHandler(ArithmeticException.class)
    public String handleArithmeticException(Exception e, Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("errorMsg", e.getMessage());
        return "error";
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(NullPointerException.class)
    public String handleNullPointerException(Exception e , Model model){
        model.addAttribute("errorMsg", "空指针异常!");
        return "error";
    }


}

@Controller
public class ExceptionController {

    /**
     * 10-注解开发异常处理器
     *
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/exception/test1")
    public String test1() {

        //System.out.println(1 / 0);
        String msg = null;
        System.out.println(msg.length());
        return "index";

    }

}

11-SpringMVC异常处理解决方案(掌握)

概述
- 项目开发过程中，会有很多种异常产生，如果单独对每个异常进行处理，代码会非常麻烦，且维护起来也非常繁琐，所以，此时应该对异常进行分类。
异常分类
- 业务异常 : 用户行为(规范/不规范)产生的异常
- 系统异常 : 项目运行过程中可预计且无法避免的异常
解决方案
- 业务异常 : 发送对应消息传递给用户，提醒规范操作
- 系统异常 : 发送对应消息传递给用户 , 安抚用户;发送对应消息传递给开发人员;记录日志
开发步骤
- ①自定义业务异常,系统异常
- ②编写MyExceptionAdvice
- ③代码测试

代码实现

public class MyBusinessException extends RuntimeException {

    public MyBusinessException() {
        super();
    }

    public MyBusinessException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }

    public MyBusinessException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
    }

    public MyBusinessException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
    }

    protected MyBusinessException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
        super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
    }
}

public class MySystemException extends RuntimeException {

    public MySystemException() {
        super();
    }

    public MySystemException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }

    public MySystemException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
    }

    public MySystemException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
    }

    protected MySystemException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
        super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
    }
}

@ControllerAdvice
public class MyExceptionAdvice {


    @ExceptionHandler(MyBusinessException.class)
    public String handleBusinessException(Exception e, Model model) {
        //提醒用户规范操作
        model.addAttribute("errorMsg", e.getMessage());
        return "error";
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(MySystemException.class)
    public String handleSystemException(Exception e , Model model){
        //安抚用户,发送消息给开发人员,记录日志
        model.addAttribute("errorMsg", e.getMessage());
        return "error";
    }


}

@RequestMapping("/exception/test2")
public String test2(int num){

    if (num == 1) {
        //num=1 : 产生了业务异常
        throw new MyBusinessException("您的操作不规范!");
    } else if (num == 2){
        //num=2 : 产生了系统异常
        throw new MySystemException("网络出现故障,请稍后再试!");
    }

    return "index";


}

12-Spring,SpringMVC,MyBatis整合(掌握)

开发步骤
- ①引入依赖
- ②整合spring,mybatis : mapper接口代理开发
  - 编写spring-core.xml
    - 扫描注解
    - 配置MapperScannerConfigurer,加载dao接口代理对象
    - 配置SqlSessionFactoryBean对象
      - 注入configLocation,加载mybatis-config.xml
      - 注入dataSource
    - 配置DruidDataSource对象
      - 注入driverClassName , url , username , password
  - 编写mybatis-config.xml
    - 配置别名
- ③整合SpringMVC
  - 编写web.xml
    - 配置DispatcherServlet
      - 加载spring-mvc.xml
    - 配置ContextLoaderListener
      - 加载spring-core.xml
  - 编写spring-mvc.xml
    - 扫描注解
    - 配置HandlerAdapter,HandlerMapping…
    - 放行静态资源
    - 配置ThymeleafViewResolver
- ④代码测试

①引入依赖

<properties>
    <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    <servlet.version>4.0.1</servlet.version>
    <jsp.version>2.3.3</jsp.version>
    <thymeleaf.version>3.0.12.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
    <spring.version>5.3.9</spring.version>
    <lombok.version>1.18.20</lombok.version>
    <slf4j.version>1.7.30</slf4j.version>
    <logback.version>1.2.5</logback.version>
    <hibernate-validator.version>7.0.1.Final</hibernate-validator.version>
    <fileupload.version>1.4</fileupload.version>
    <mybatis-spring.version>2.0.6</mybatis-spring.version>
    <druid.version>1.2.6</druid.version>
    <mybatis.version>3.5.7</mybatis.version>
    <mysql.version>5.1.48</mysql.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>


    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
        <version>${fileupload.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
        <version>${hibernate-validator.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>${servlet.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>${jsp.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
        <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
        <version>${thymeleaf.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        <version>${druid.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>${mybatis-spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>${lombok.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
        <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
        <version>${logback.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>${mysql.version}</version>
    </dependency>

</dependencies>

②整合spring,mybatis

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu"></context:component-scan>

    <!--加载dao接口代理对象-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.atguigu.dao"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--加载mybatis-config.xml-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClassName}"></property>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbcUrl}"></property>
        <property name="username" value="${user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${password}"></property>
    </bean>


</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.atguigu.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

③整合SpringMVC

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
        "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
        "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-core.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!--            <param-value>classpath:spring-*.xml</param-value>-->
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">


    <context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu"></context:component-scan>
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler></mvc:default-servlet-handler>
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
        <property name="order" value="1"/>
        <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
        <property name="templateEngine">
            <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine">
                <property name="templateResolver">
                    <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver">

                        <!--视图前缀-->
                        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>

                        <!--视图后缀-->
                        <property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
                        <property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/>
                        <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </property>
    </bean>

<!--    <import resource="classpath:spring-core.xml"></import>-->

</beans>

④代码测试

13-两个Spring容器的问题(掌握)

两个Spring容器
- ①ContextLoaderListener调用ContextLoader的initWebApplicationContext方法初始化Spring容器
  - 创建的Spring容器对象存放到ServletContext中,名称为:“org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext.ROOT”
  - 父容器
- ②DispatcherServlet调用FrameworkServlet的initWebApplicationContext方法初始化Spring容器
  - 创建的Spring容器对象存放到ServletContext中,名称为:"
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.CONTEXT.mvc"
  - 子容器

14-两个Spring容器重复创建对象问题(掌握)

代码实现

<!--spring-core.xml-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu">
    <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>

<!--spring-mvc.xml-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu" use-default-filters="false">
	<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>