ROS cannot download default sources list from

在Ubuntu18.04安装ROS melodic时踩下的坑

问题1.rosdep init

ERROR: cannot download default sources list from:

这是因为网络无法访问raw.githubusercontent.com网站

（1）首先在https://site.ip138.com/raw.Githubusercontent.com/网站中查询raw.githubusercontent.com网址的IP，然后找一个可以用ping+ip查询可以网络延迟较小的IP并记录

（2）修改hosts文件
 

sudo vi /etc/hosts

在hosts中添加如下内容
52.74.223.119 github.com
192.30.253.119 gist.github.com
54.169.195.247 api.github.com
185.199.111.153 assets-cdn.github.com
151.101.76.133 raw.githubusercontent.com
151.101.108.133 user-images.githubusercontent.com
151.101.76.133 gist.githubusercontent.com
151.101.76.133 cloud.githubusercontent.com
151.101.76.133 camo.githubusercontent.com
151.101.76.133 avatars0.githubusercontent.com
151.101.76.133 avatars1.githubusercontent.com
151.101.76.133 avatars2.githubusercontent.com
151.101.76.133 avatars3.githubusercontent.com
151.101.76.133 avatars4.githubusercontent.com
151.101.76.133 avatars5.githubusercontent.com
151.101.76.133 avatars6.githubusercontent.com
151.101.76.133 avatars7.githubusercontent.com
151.101.76.133 avatars8.githubusercontent.com

问题2：在rosdep update时出现如下错误

reading in sources list data from /etc/ros/rosdep/sources.list.d
Hit https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/osx-homebrew.yaml
Hit https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/base.yaml
Hit https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/python.yaml
Hit https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/ruby.yaml
Hit https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/releases/fuerte.yaml
Query rosdistro index https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/index-v4.yaml
ERROR: error loading sources list:
    ('The read operation timed out',)
这是网络问题。可以科学上网一下或者更换手机热点多试几次。