WP7编程 读取外部XML文件中存放的记录

WP7编程  读取外部XML文件中存放的记录

Kagula

2011/8/9

内容简介

        我准备写个简单的WP7程序，需要读取我在项目外部设置的XML文件中的记录集，作为Silverlight初学者，途中碰到了很多问题，现在把它记录下来，备查。

测试环境：[1]Visual2010+SP1

          [2]Windows Phone SDK

正文

第一步：确定XML文件的格式

S1-1:先定义单条记录结构对应的C#代码

示例源码如下：

 public class Person 
	{ 
	    string firstname; 
	    string lastname; 
	    int age; 
	   
        public string FirstName 
	    { 
	        get { return firstname; } 
	        set { firstname = value; } 
	    } 
	   
	    public string LastName 
	    { 
	        get { return lastname; } 
	        set { lastname = value; } 
	    } 
	   
	    public int Age 
	    { 
	        get { return age; } 
	        set { age = value; } 
	    } 
	}

上面的记录有firstname、lastname、age三个字段组成。

S1-2:确定多条记录对应的C#代码

因为有多条记录组成，所以要使用下面的示例代码，确定多条记录情况下XML文件内容的格式，下面是示例代码，我们这里随便插入了三行记录

        private List<Person> GeneratePersonData()
        {
            List<Person> data = new List<Person>();
            data.Add(new Person() { FirstName = "Kate", LastName = "Brown", Age = 25 });
            data.Add(new Person() { FirstName = "Tom", LastName = "Stone", Age = 63 });
            data.Add(new Person() { FirstName = "Michael", LastName = "Liberty", Age = 37 });
            return data;
        }

S1-3:现在记录集对应的的C#代码有了，下面的代码生成该记录集对应的示例XML文件内容

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Serialization;

using System.IO.IsolatedStorage;

using System.IO;

//这里省略若干行代码

 

        private void writeToXML()
        {
            XmlWriterSettings xmlWriterSettings = new XmlWriterSettings();
            xmlWriterSettings.Indent = true;

            StreamWriter stream = new StreamWriter("People.xml");
            XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Person>));
            using (XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(stream, xmlWriterSettings))
            {
                serializer.Serialize(xmlWriter, GeneratePersonData());                   
            }
        }

把上面几段代码插入到新建的WindowsForm项目中并运行会生成People.xml文件，查看这个文件有我们需要的XML文件格式。我们可以修改这个XML文件插入我们实际的记录集内容。

 

第二步：WP7项目中引入这个XML文件，并读取其内容

S2-1:在WP7项目的References结点中添加”System.Xml.Serialization”库

S2-2:在WP7项目中新建文件夹,起名为“MyResource”在该文件夹下新建MyPeople.xml，用我们刚才生成的People.XML文件的内容，替换MyPeople.xml中的内容。

MyPeople.xml的Copy to Output Directory属性得设成Copy if newer。

参考下图

S2-3:WP7项目中使用下面的代码读取MyPeople.xml中的内容

 try
            {
                Uri uri = new Uri("MyResource/MyPeople.xml", UriKind.Relative);
                StreamResourceInfo sri = Application.GetResourceStream(uri);
                if (sri!=null)
                {
                    XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Person>));
                    List<Person> data = (List<Person>)serializer.Deserialize(sri.Stream);
                    this.listBox.ItemsSource = data;
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                //add some code here 
            }

上面代码中的“listBox”控件由下面XAML的代码段定义

           <ListBox x:Name="listBox">

                <ListBox.ItemTemplate>

                   <DataTemplate>

                        <StackPanelMargin="10" >

                            <TextBlockText="{Binding FirstName}"/>

                            <TextBlockText="{Binding LastName}"/>

                            <TextBlock Text="{BindingAge}"/>

                        </StackPanel>

                    </DataTemplate>

                </ListBox.ItemTemplate>

           </ListBox>

 

总结

通过上面的代码我们实现了从我们手工定义内容的XML文件中读取记录集。这里要注意的是[1]在WP7中使用的Stream Class同在WinForm项目中使用的Stream Class类型的不同。[2]借助第一步生成XML文件结构，然后在这个结构上我们把自己记录的内容替换上去，这样解析XML文件的时候，才不会出错。

下面附WP7项目中MainPage.xaml.cs的源码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;

using System.Xml; 
using System.Xml.Serialization; 
using System.IO.IsolatedStorage; 
using System.IO;

using System.Windows.Resources; 

namespace PhoneApp3
{
    public class Person 
	{ 
	    string firstname; 
	    string lastname; 
	    int age; 
	   
        public string FirstName 
	    { 
	        get { return firstname; } 
	        set { firstname = value; } 
	    } 
	   
	    public string LastName 
	    { 
	        get { return lastname; } 
	        set { lastname = value; } 
	    } 
	   
	    public int Age 
	    { 
	        get { return age; } 
	        set { age = value; } 
	    } 
	}

    public partial class MainPage : PhoneApplicationPage
    {
        /*
        private List<Person> GeneratePersonData()
        {
            List<Person> data = new List<Person>();
            data.Add(new Person() { FirstName = "Kate", LastName = "Brown", Age = 25 });
            data.Add(new Person() { FirstName = "Tom", LastName = "Stone", Age = 63 });
            data.Add(new Person() { FirstName = "Michael", LastName = "Liberty", Age = 37 });
            return data;
        }

        private void writeToXML()
        {
            XmlWriterSettings xmlWriterSettings = new XmlWriterSettings(); 
            xmlWriterSettings.Indent = true; 
            
            using (IsolatedStorageFile myIsolatedStorage = IsolatedStorageFile.GetUserStoreForApplication()) 
            { 
                using (IsolatedStorageFileStream stream = myIsolatedStorage.OpenFile("People.xml", FileMode.Create)) 
                { 
                    XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Person>)); 
                    using (XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(stream, xmlWriterSettings)) 
                    { 
                        serializer.Serialize(xmlWriter, GeneratePersonData()); 
                    } 
                } 
            }
        }

        private void readFromXML()
        {
            try
            {
                using (IsolatedStorageFile myIsolatedStorage = IsolatedStorageFile.GetUserStoreForApplication())
                {
                    using (IsolatedStorageFileStream stream = myIsolatedStorage.OpenFile("People.xml", FileMode.Open))
                    {
                        XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Person>));
                        List<Person> data = (List<Person>)serializer.Deserialize(stream);
                        this.listBox.ItemsSource = data;
                    }
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                //add some code here 
            }
        }
        */
        // Constructor
        public MainPage()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            //writeToXML();
            //readFromXML();
            try
            {
                Uri uri = new Uri("MyResource/MyPeople.xml", UriKind.Relative);
                StreamResourceInfo sri = Application.GetResourceStream(uri);
                if (sri!=null)
                {
                    XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Person>));
                    List<Person> data = (List<Person>)serializer.Deserialize(sri.Stream);
                    this.listBox.ItemsSource = data;
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                //add some code here 
            }
        }
    }
}

 

参考资料

[1]《WP7 Isolated Storage详解(5)-通过XmlSerializer读写XML文件》

http://www.cnblogs.com/zdave/archive/2011/05/23/2054344.html