OC中KVC设计模式简单实用<代码演示>

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
//作者对象类
@interface Author : NSObject
{
    @private
    NSString *_authorName;
}

@end

//书籍对象类
#import "Author.h"
//KVC--key-value-coding的使用
@interface BookKVC : NSObject
{

@private
    //通常变量设置为私有后，在没有访问器和设置的情况下可以使用KVC
    //变量为public 时可以使用对象指针访问Book->_bookName
    NSString *_booKName;//书籍名称
    NSInteger _price;//书的价格
    Author *_author;//作者对象
    NSArray *_relativeBooks;//相关书籍

}

@end

    //kvc模式下可以带“_author”也直接是“author”
    BookKVC *book = [[BookKVC alloc] init];
    //public情况下
//    book->_booKName = @"public containt";
//    [book setValue:@"this is KVC layoutModel" forKey:@"booKName"];
//    NSString *name = [book valueForKey:@"booKName"];
    
    /*键值访问*/
    [book setValue:@"this is KVC layoutModel" forKey:@"_booKName"];
    NSString *name = [book valueForKey:@"_booKName"];
    NSLog(@"%@",name);
    //通过路径查找
    Author *author = [[Author alloc] init];
    [author setValue:@"this is authorKVC" forKey:@"_authorName"];
    
    /*路径访问*/
    //设置书籍中的作者对象
    [book setValue:author forKey:@"_author"];
    //通过路径获取
    NSString *authorName = [book valueForKeyPath:@"_author._authorName"];
    NSLog(@"%@",authorName);
    //也可以通过路径访问重新设置其属性
    [book setValue:@"this is reSetName by path" forKeyPath:@"_author.authorName"];
    NSString *newName = [book valueForKeyPath:@"author.authorName"];
    NSLog(@"%@",newName);
    
    /*一对多访问*/
    NSMutableArray *relateBook = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:3];
    for (int i = 0 ; i < 3; i++) {
        BookKVC *oneMore = [[BookKVC alloc] init];
        NSString *names = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"hong%d",i];
        NSInteger price = i+5;//书的价格
        [oneMore setValue:names forKey:@"_booKName"];//设置书名
        [oneMore setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInt:price] forKey:@"_price"];//设置书的价格
        [relateBook addObject:oneMore];
        RELEASE_SAFETY(oneMore);
    }
    //设置书籍对象的_relativeBooks
    [book setValue:relateBook forKey:@"_relativeBooks"];
    //获取存入的数组对象
    NSArray *getNames = [book valueForKeyPath:@"_relativeBooks._booKName"];
    NSLog(@"%@",getNames);
    
    
    
    /*KVC的一些加点运算语法 @sum @min @max @avg @count等*/
    //数组中数的数量
    NSString *count = [book valueForKeyPath:@"_relativeBooks.@count"];
    NSLog(@"%@",count);
    //数组中书本的价格最大值
    NSString *max = [book valueForKeyPath:@"_relativeBooks.@max._price"];
    NSLog(@"%@",max);
    //数组书籍的价格的最小值
    NSString *min = [book valueForKeyPath:@"_relativeBooks.@min._price"];
    NSLog(@"%@",min);
    //数组中书籍价格的平均值
    NSString *avg = [book valueForKeyPath:@"_relativeBooks.@avg._price"];
    NSLog(@"%@",avg);
    //安全释放
    RELEASE_SAFETY(book);
    RELEASE_SAFETY(author);