property 与setter 装饰器

property

作用

把方法变为属性，只可以用来访问

好处

可以方便的访问属性，同时加上了函数的各种检查

例子

class Student(object):

    @property
    def score(self):
        return self._score

    @score.setter
    def score(self, value):
        if not isinstance(value, int):
            raise ValueError('score must be an integer!')
        if value < 0 or value > 100:
            raise ValueError('score must between 0 ~ 100!')
        self._score = value

s = Student()
s.score = 60 # OK，实际转化为s.set_score(60)
print(s.score) # OK，实际转化为s.get_score()
s.score = 9999

输出

60
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/Reno_Lei/PycharmProjects/filteralchemy/cc.py", line 18, in <module>
    s.score = 9999
  File "/Users/Reno_Lei/PycharmProjects/filteralchemy/cc.py", line 12, in score
    raise ValueError('score must between 0 ~ 100!')
ValueError: score must between 0 ~ 100!

Setter 装饰器

作用

把方法变为属性，可以用来赋值

好处

封装变量的同时，给了外部良好的设置接口，非常简单易用

class Student(object):

    @property
    def score(self):
        return self._score

    @score.setter
    def score(self, value):
        if not isinstance(value, int):
            raise ValueError('score must be an integer!')
        if value < 0 or value > 100:
            raise ValueError('score must between 0 ~ 100!')
        self._score = value

s = Student()
s.score = 60 # OK，实际转化为s.set_score(60)
print(s.score) # OK，实际转化为s.get_score()
s.score = 9999

s.score = 60 就是使用了setter装饰器