matplotlib多子图显示

文本“Fx+Test1.txt” 内容如下：第一列是序号，第二列砝码重量（N），后三列是三路电压输出（V）

1	0	0.3912	-0.3061	-0.3535
2	0	0.3913	-0.3062	-0.3534
3	0	0.3912	-0.3062	-0.3534
4	0	0.3913	-0.3062	-0.3535
5	0	0.3913	-0.3062	-0.3535
6	0	0.3913	-0.3062	-0.3535
7	0	0.3913	-0.3062	-0.3535
8	0	0.3912	-0.3062	-0.3536
9	0	0.3912	-0.3061	-0.3536
10	0	0.3913	-0.3063	-0.3536
11	2	0.3896	-0.3165	-0.3353
12	2	0.3895	-0.3165	-0.3352
13	2	0.3896	-0.3164	-0.3352
14	2	0.3898	-0.3167	-0.3353
15	2	0.3896	-0.3166	-0.3353
16	2	0.3895	-0.3164	-0.3351
17	2	0.3896	-0.3165	-0.3353
18	2	0.3894	-0.3164	-0.3351
19	2	0.3896	-0.3168	-0.3352
20	2	0.3895	-0.3165	-0.3352
21	4	0.3883	-0.3258	-0.3161
22	4	0.3883	-0.3258	-0.3162
23	4	0.3883	-0.3258	-0.3163
24	4	0.3882	-0.3256	-0.3163
25	4	0.3882	-0.3257	-0.3163
26	4	0.3883	-0.3257	-0.3164
27	4	0.3884	-0.3256	-0.3165
28	4	0.3884	-0.3256	-0.3165
29	4	0.3884	-0.3257	-0.3167
30	4	0.3885	-0.3257	-0.3168
31	6	0.3872	-0.3357	-0.297
32	6	0.3875	-0.3356	-0.297
33	6	0.3879	-0.3355	-0.297
34	6	0.3876	-0.3358	-0.2971
35	6	0.387	-0.3356	-0.297
36	6	0.3876	-0.3356	-0.297
37	6	0.3874	-0.3358	-0.297
38	6	0.387	-0.3355	-0.2969
39	6	0.3875	-0.3355	-0.2969
40	6	0.3874	-0.3357	-0.2969
41	8	0.3869	-0.3469	-0.2773
42	8	0.3868	-0.3466	-0.2772
43	8	0.3866	-0.3472	-0.2773
44	8	0.3867	-0.3476	-0.2774
45	8	0.3868	-0.3478	-0.2773
46	8	0.3869	-0.3472	-0.2772
47	8	0.3868	-0.347	-0.2772
48	8	0.3867	-0.3466	-0.2771
49	8	0.3866	-0.3474	-0.2773
50	8	0.3868	-0.347	-0.2772
51	10	0.3854	-0.36	-0.2581
52	10	0.3859	-0.3597	-0.2581
53	10	0.3869	-0.3591	-0.2581
54	10	0.3865	-0.3592	-0.2581
55	10	0.3857	-0.3595	-0.2581
56	10	0.3857	-0.3599	-0.2582
57	10	0.3865	-0.3596	-0.2582
58	10	0.3868	-0.3591	-0.2581
59	10	0.3854	-0.3596	-0.2582
60	10	0.3863	-0.3597	-0.2581
61	12	0.385	-0.3733	-0.2388
62	12	0.3856	-0.3738	-0.239
63	12	0.3859	-0.3742	-0.2389
64	12	0.3855	-0.3737	-0.2389
65	12	0.3857	-0.3731	-0.2387
66	12	0.3862	-0.3739	-0.2389
67	12	0.3857	-0.3739	-0.2389
68	12	0.3852	-0.3733	-0.2387
69	12	0.3861	-0.3736	-0.2388
70	12	0.3863	-0.3739	-0.239
71	14	0.3853	-0.3887	-0.2195
72	14	0.3851	-0.3884	-0.2193
73	14	0.3847	-0.3882	-0.2194
74	14	0.3849	-0.3886	-0.2194
75	14	0.3853	-0.3887	-0.2194
76	14	0.3848	-0.3883	-0.2193
77	14	0.3848	-0.3885	-0.2192
78	14	0.3851	-0.3887	-0.2194
79	14	0.3852	-0.3885	-0.2193
80	14	0.385	-0.3885	-0.2192
81	16	0.3848	-0.4069	-0.1996
82	16	0.3841	-0.406	-0.1995
83	16	0.3846	-0.406	-0.1995
84	16	0.3849	-0.4068	-0.1996
85	16	0.3844	-0.4068	-0.1996
86	16	0.3845	-0.4059	-0.1994
87	16	0.3849	-0.4065	-0.1996
88	16	0.3841	-0.4065	-0.1995
89	16	0.3844	-0.406	-0.1995
90	16	0.3851	-0.4064	-0.1996
91	18	0.384	-0.4241	-0.1809
92	18	0.3842	-0.424	-0.1808
93	18	0.3843	-0.4239	-0.1807
94	18	0.3841	-0.4238	-0.1808
95	18	0.3839	-0.4239	-0.1808
96	18	0.3842	-0.4239	-0.1808
97	18	0.3843	-0.4238	-0.1808
98	18	0.3842	-0.4236	-0.1807
99	18	0.3839	-0.4237	-0.1808
100	18	0.3843	-0.4237	-0.1807
101	20	0.3837	-0.4413	-0.1608
102	20	0.3839	-0.4417	-0.1609
103	20	0.3841	-0.4419	-0.1608
104	20	0.384	-0.4415	-0.1608
105	20	0.3836	-0.441	-0.1607
106	20	0.3834	-0.4407	-0.1607
107	20	0.3835	-0.441	-0.1608
108	20	0.3839	-0.4415	-0.1609
109	20	0.3841	-0.4418	-0.161
110	20	0.3841	-0.4415	-0.1609
111	20	0.3838	-0.441	-0.1608
112	20	0.3835	-0.4406	-0.1608
113	20	0.3834	-0.4408	-0.1607
114	20	0.3838	-0.4412	-0.1608
115	20	0.384	-0.4415	-0.1609
116	20	0.3837	-0.441	-0.1608
117	20	0.3835	-0.4406	-0.1607
118	20	0.3839	-0.4415	-0.1608
119	20	0.3841	-0.4416	-0.1607
120	20	0.3838	-0.4413	-0.1607
121	18	0.3841	-0.425	-0.1806
122	18	0.3842	-0.4249	-0.1806
123	18	0.3842	-0.4248	-0.1806
124	18	0.3842	-0.4247	-0.1806
125	18	0.3842	-0.4248	-0.1806
126	18	0.3842	-0.4249	-0.1805
127	18	0.3841	-0.4248	-0.1805
128	18	0.3843	-0.4247	-0.1805
129	18	0.3843	-0.4248	-0.1804
130	18	0.3841	-0.4247	-0.1804
131	16	0.3843	-0.4073	-0.2011
132	16	0.3845	-0.4074	-0.2013
133	16	0.3848	-0.4077	-0.2014
134	16	0.3851	-0.4082	-0.2014
135	16	0.3847	-0.4079	-0.2013
136	16	0.3844	-0.4073	-0.2012
137	16	0.3847	-0.4078	-0.2014
138	16	0.385	-0.4081	-0.2015
139	16	0.3845	-0.4075	-0.2013
140	16	0.3844	-0.4073	-0.2012
141	14	0.3854	-0.3899	-0.2206
142	14	0.3856	-0.391	-0.2208
143	14	0.3851	-0.391	-0.2208
144	14	0.385	-0.389	-0.2204
145	14	0.3852	-0.3893	-0.2203
146	14	0.3853	-0.3914	-0.2206
147	14	0.3848	-0.3902	-0.2205
148	14	0.3852	-0.3893	-0.2203
149	14	0.3855	-0.3901	-0.2205
150	14	0.3848	-0.3904	-0.2204
151	12	0.386	-0.3735	-0.2411
152	12	0.3861	-0.3735	-0.2411
153	12	0.386	-0.3736	-0.2411
154	12	0.3854	-0.3738	-0.2412
155	12	0.3854	-0.3737	-0.2411
156	12	0.3857	-0.3736	-0.2411
157	12	0.3857	-0.3738	-0.2411
158	12	0.3854	-0.3738	-0.2411
159	12	0.3854	-0.3738	-0.2411
160	12	0.3859	-0.3735	-0.2409
161	10	0.3869	-0.3575	-0.2598
162	10	0.3866	-0.3578	-0.2599
163	10	0.386	-0.358	-0.2598
164	10	0.3859	-0.357	-0.2597
165	10	0.3863	-0.3571	-0.2596
166	10	0.3867	-0.3575	-0.2597
167	10	0.3867	-0.3579	-0.2597
168	10	0.386	-0.358	-0.2597
169	10	0.3856	-0.3573	-0.2596
170	10	0.3867	-0.3571	-0.2596
171	8	0.3864	-0.3424	-0.2791
172	8	0.3864	-0.3426	-0.2792
173	8	0.3867	-0.3422	-0.2793
174	8	0.3868	-0.3423	-0.2793
175	8	0.3864	-0.3426	-0.2794
176	8	0.386	-0.3429	-0.2794
177	8	0.3863	-0.3428	-0.2793
178	8	0.3867	-0.3424	-0.2793
179	8	0.3871	-0.342	-0.2793
180	8	0.3866	-0.3424	-0.2793
181	6	0.3864	-0.3295	-0.2987
182	6	0.3863	-0.3298	-0.2988
183	6	0.3863	-0.3298	-0.2988
184	6	0.3875	-0.33	-0.2989
185	6	0.3877	-0.3297	-0.2988
186	6	0.3873	-0.3294	-0.2988
187	6	0.3867	-0.3292	-0.2987
188	6	0.3866	-0.33	-0.2989
189	6	0.3876	-0.3293	-0.2988
190	6	0.3864	-0.3294	-0.2987
191	4	0.3875	-0.3205	-0.319
192	4	0.3875	-0.3206	-0.319
193	4	0.3876	-0.3205	-0.319
194	4	0.3877	-0.3206	-0.319
195	4	0.3877	-0.3206	-0.319
196	4	0.3875	-0.3206	-0.3191
197	4	0.3874	-0.3206	-0.3191
198	4	0.3876	-0.3207	-0.319
199	4	0.3876	-0.3206	-0.319
200	4	0.3875	-0.3206	-0.3191
201	2	0.3881	-0.3112	-0.3384
202	2	0.388	-0.3112	-0.3385
203	2	0.3879	-0.3111	-0.3384
204	2	0.3879	-0.311	-0.3383
205	2	0.388	-0.3111	-0.3384
206	2	0.388	-0.3111	-0.3385
207	2	0.3881	-0.3111	-0.3384
208	2	0.3881	-0.3112	-0.3385
209	2	0.3878	-0.3111	-0.3383
210	2	0.388	-0.3112	-0.3383
211	0	0.3885	-0.301	-0.3587
212	0	0.3885	-0.301	-0.3587
213	0	0.3885	-0.3011	-0.3587
214	0	0.3885	-0.3009	-0.3586
215	0	0.3885	-0.3008	-0.3586
216	0	0.3885	-0.3009	-0.3586
217	0	0.3885	-0.3009	-0.3587
218	0	0.3884	-0.3009	-0.3587
219	0	0.3885	-0.3009	-0.3586
220	0	0.3884	-0.301	-0.3586

利用numpy库的loadtxt函数读取文本，subplot函数参数1表示第几个子图，第二个参数axisbg表示子图的背景色：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
data = np.loadtxt('Fx+Test1.txt')
legend=['Uy','Uz','Ux']
for idx,color in enumerate('rgy'):
    plt.subplot(221+idx,axisbg=color)
    plt.plot(data[:,1], data[:,idx+2],'o',label=legend[idx])
    plt.xlabel("Force(N)")
    plt.ylabel("Volt(V)")
    plt.legend()
plt.show()

运行结果：