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最简单的基于FFmpeg的libswscale的示例系列文章列表:
最简单的基于FFmpeg的libswscale的示例(YUV转RGB)
最简单的基于FFmpeg的libswscale的示例附件:测试图片生成工具
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本文记录一个自己写的简单的测试图片生成工具:simplest_pic_gen。该工具可以生成视频测试时候常用的RGB/YUV格式的测试图片。包括灰阶测试图,彩条图,彩色条纹图,RGB渐变彩条图,YUV渐变彩条图,颜色视频等。下面简单介绍一下这些测试图片的生成函数。
这里有一点需要注意:查看生成的图片需要使用RGB/YUV播放器。灰阶测试图
亮度取值为16-235的灰阶测试图
下面这张图是一张灰阶测试图的示例。这张图的分辨率是1280x720,像素格式是YUV420P,亮度的取值范围是16-235,一共包含了10级的灰度。最左边的灰度竖条的YUV取值为(16,128,128),最右边的灰度竖条的YUV取值为(235,128,128)。
亮度取值为0-255的灰阶测试图
下面这张图的分辨率是1280x720,像素格式是YUV420P,亮度的取值范围是0-255,一共包含了10级的灰度。最左边的灰度竖条的YUV取值为(0,128,128),最右边的灰度竖条的YUV取值为(255,128,128)。
在生成灰度图的同时,程序会打印出每一个灰阶的YUV取值。
函数原型
gen_yuv420p_graybar()是用于生成灰阶测试图的函数,该函数的定义如下。
/**
* Generate Picture contains Gray Bar changing from Black to White in YUV420P Format
*
* @param width the width of picture.
* @param height the height of picture.
* @param barnum the number of Bars in the picture.
* @param ymin the minimum value of luminance.
* @param ymax the maximum value of luminance.
* @return 0 if finished, -1 if there are errors.
*/
int gen_yuv420p_graybar(int width, int height,int barnum,unsigned char ymin,unsigned char ymax);
简单解释每个参数的含义:
width:图像宽如果函数成功运行的话,会生成一个名称为“graybar_%dx%d_yuv420p.yuv”的YUV420P格式的文件(其中%dx%d代表了图像的宽和高)。
height:图像高
barnum:灰阶数量
ymin:亮度最小取值
ymax:亮度最大取值
例如,生成分辨率为1280x720的上文中的灰阶图的代码如下。
亮度取值范围为16-235:
gen_yuv420p_graybar(1280,720,10,16,235);
亮度取值范围为0-255
gen_yuv420p_graybar(1280,720,10,0,255);
彩条测试图
在电视节目的制作播出及设备维护中,最常用的莫过于彩条信号了。这是由于彩条信号能正确反映出各种彩色的亮度、色调和饱和度,是检验视频通道传输质量最方便的手段。下面这张图是一张彩条测试图的示例。这张图的分辨率是1280x720,像素格式是RGB24,包含了电视系统中常见的“白黄青绿品红蓝黑”彩条。“白黄青绿品红蓝黑”彩条中每种颜色的RGB取值如下所示:
颜色 | (R, G, B)取值 |
白 | (255, 255, 255) |
黄 | (255, 255, 0) |
青 | (0, 255, 255) |
绿 | (0, 255, 0) |
品 | (255, 0, 255) |
红 | (255, 0, 0) |
蓝 | (0, 0, 255) |
黑 | (0, 0, 0) |
很多人会奇怪,这8个彩条信号的顺序为什么是“白黄青绿品红蓝黑”?其实,它们是按照它们的亮度进行排序的。
RGB转换为YUV的过程中,可以通过RGB计算该颜色的亮度。计算的公式如下所示。
把上述8个颜色的R,G,B取值带入上述公式,可以得到每种颜色的亮度取值,如下所示:
颜色 | 亮度取值 |
白 | 255 |
黄 | 225 |
青 | 178 |
绿 | 149 |
品 | 105 |
红 | 76 |
蓝 | 29 |
黑 | 0 |
在生成彩条图像之后,程序会打印出彩条信号的颜色信息,如下图所示。
函数原型
gen_rgb24_colorbar()是用于生成彩条测试图的函数,该函数的原型如下。
/**
* Generate Picture contains standard Color Bar in RGB24 Format
*
* @param width the width of picture.
* @param height the height of picture.
* @return 0 if finished, -1 if there are errors.
*/
int gen_rgb24_colorbar(int width, int height);
简单解释每个参数的含义:
width:图像宽如果函数成功运行的话,会生成一个名称为“colorbar_%dx%d_rgb24.rgb”的RGB24格式的文件(其中%dx%d代表了图像的宽和高)。
height:图像高
例如,生成分辨率为1280x720的上文中的彩条图的代码如下。
gen_rgb24_colorbar(1280,720);
彩色条纹图
条纹图也是常见的一种测试图。下面这张图是一张彩色条纹图的示例。这张图的分辨率是1280x720,像素格式是RGB24,条纹的颜色为红色。其中竖直条纹的宽度为1像素,条纹之间的间隔也是1像素。函数原型
gen_rgb24_stripe ()是用于生成会接测试图的函数,该函数的原型如下。
/**
* Generate Picture contains Stripe in RGB24 Format
*
* @param width the width of picture.
* @param height the height of picture.
* @param r Red component of stripe
* @param g Green component of stripe
* @param b Blue component of stripe
* @return 0 if finished, -1 if there are errors.
*/
int gen_rgb24_stripe(int width, int height,
unsigned char r,unsigned char g,unsigned char b)
简单解释每个参数的含义:
width:图像宽如果函数成功运行的话,会生成一个名称为“rgbstripe_%dx%d_rgb24.rgb”的RGB24格式的文件(其中%dx%d代表了图像的宽和高)。
height:图像高
r:条纹的R分量取值
g:条纹的G分量取值
b:条纹的B分量取值
例如,生成分辨率为1280x720的上文中的彩色条纹图的代码如下。
gen_rgb24_stripe(1280,720,255,0,0);
RGB渐变彩条图
下面这张图是一张RGB渐变彩条图的示例。这张图的分辨率是1280x720,一共包含了10个彩条,像素格式是RGB24,RGB颜色从红色(RGB分别取值为255,0,0)逐渐变换为蓝色(RGB分别取值为0,0,255)。每个彩条的RGB取值如下所列:
255, 0, 0 227, 0, 28 199, 0, 56 170, 0, 85 142, 0, 113 114, 0, 141 85, 0, 170 57, 0, 198 29, 0, 226 0, 0, 255 |
函数原型
gen_rgb24_rgbgradient_bar ()是用于生成渐变彩条图的函数,该函数的原型如下。
/**
* Generate Picture contains Color Bar Changing from source color
* to destination color in RGB24 Format
*
* @param width the width of picture.
* @param height the height of picture.
* @param barnum the number of Bars in the picture.
* @param src_r Red component of source color.
* @param src_g Green component of source color.
* @param src_b Blue component of source color.
* @param dst_r Red component of destination color.
* @param dst_g Green component of destination color.
* @param dst_b Blue component of destination color.
* @return 0 if finished, -1 if there are errors.
*/
int gen_rgb24_rgbgradient_bar(int width, int height,int barnum,
unsigned char src_r,unsigned char src_g,unsigned char src_b,
unsigned char dst_r,unsigned char dst_g,unsigned char dst_b)
简单解释每个参数的含义:
width:图像宽如果函数成功运行的话,会生成一个名称为“rgbgradientbar_%dx%d_rgb24.rgb”的RGB24格式的文件(其中%dx%d代表了图像的宽和高)。
height:图像高
barnum:彩条数量
src_r:左侧颜色R分量
src_g:左侧颜色G分量
src_b:左侧颜色B分量
dst_r:右侧颜色R分量
dst_g:右侧颜色G分量
dst_b:右侧颜色B分量
例如,生成分辨率为1280x720的上文中的渐变彩条图的代码如下。
gen_rgb24_rgbgradient_bar(1280,720,10,255,0,0,0,0,255);
YUV渐变彩条图
下面这张图是一张YUV渐变彩条图的示例。这张图的分辨率是1280x720,一共包含了10个彩条,像素格式是YUV420P,YUV颜色从绿色(YUV分别取值为0,0,0)逐渐变换为灰色(YUV分别取值为128,128,128)。每个彩条的YUV取值如下所列:
0, 0, 0 14, 14, 14 28, 28, 28 42, 42, 42 56, 56, 56 71, 71, 71 85, 85, 85 99, 99, 99 113, 113, 113 128, 128, 128 |
在生成渐变彩条图像之后,程序会打印出彩条信号的颜色信息,如下图所示。
gen_yuv420p_yuvgradient_bar()是用于生成渐变彩条图的函数,该函数的原型如下。
/**
* Generate Picture contains Color Bar Changing from source color
* to destination color in YUV420P Format
*
* @param width the width of picture.
* @param height the height of picture.
* @param barnum the number of Bars in the picture.
* @param src_y Luma component of source color.
* @param src_u U component of source color.
* @param src_v V component of source color.
* @param dst_y Luma component of destination color.
* @param dst_u U component of destination color.
* @param dst_v V component of destination color.
* @return 0 if finished, -1 if there are errors.
*/
int gen_yuv420p_yuvgradient_bar(int width, int height,int barnum,
unsigned char src_y,unsigned char src_u,unsigned char src_v,
unsigned char dst_y,unsigned char dst_u,unsigned char dst_v)
简单解释每个参数的含义:
width:图像宽如果函数成功运行的话,会生成一个名称为“yuvgradientbar_%dx%d_yuv420p.yuv”的YUV420P格式的文件(其中%dx%d代表了图像的宽和高)。
height:图像高
barnum:彩条数量
src_y:左侧颜色Y分量
src_u:左侧颜色U分量
src_v:左侧颜色V分量
dst_y:右侧颜色Y分量
dst_u:右侧颜色U分量
dst_v:右侧颜色V分量
例如,生成分辨率为1280x720的上文中的渐变彩条图的代码如下。
gen_yuv420p_yuvgradient_bar(1280,720,10,0,0,0,128,128,128);
颜色视频
RGB颜色视频
“RGB颜色视频”不是一幅图像,而是一段视频文件。这个视频中包含了RGB24中的所有颜色。通过这个视频,可以了解RGB各个分量对颜色的影响。下面简单记录一下这个视频的规则:- 视频的宽为256,高为256,视频的帧数为256
- 最左边的像素的R分量取值为0,从左至右每个像素的R分量的取值依次加1
- 最上面的像素的G分量取值为0,从上至下每个像素的G分量的取值依次加1
- 第1帧的所有像素的B分量取值为0,每增加一帧该帧像素的B分量的取值依次加1
该视频的第0帧如下图所示。
从图中可以看出,左上角为黑色(R,G,B取值0,0,0);右上角为红色(R,G,B取值0,0,255);左下角为绿色(R,G,B取值0,255,0);右下角为黄色(R,G,B取值255,255,0)。
该视频的第128帧如下图所示。
可以看出当蓝色分量增加至128的时候,颜色发生了较大的变化。
该视频的第255帧如下图所示。
从图中可以看出,左上角为蓝色(R,G,B取值0,0,255);右上角为品色(R,G,B取值255,0,255);左下角为青色(R,G,B取值0,255,255);右下角为白色(R,G,B取值255,255,255)。
YUV颜色视频
“RGB颜色视频”中包含了YUV444中的所有颜色。通过这个视频,可以了解YUV各个分量对颜色的影响。下面简单记录一下这个视频的规则:
- 视频的宽为256,高为256,视频的帧数为256
- 最左边的像素的U分量取值为0,从左至右每个像素的U分量的取值依次加1
- 最上面的像素的V分量取值为0,从上至下每个像素的V分量的取值依次加1
- 第1帧的所有像素的Y分量取值为0,每增加一帧该帧像素的Y分量的取值依次加1
该视频的第0帧如下图所示。
从图中可以看出,左上角颜色偏绿(Y,U,V取值0,0,0);右上角颜色偏蓝(Y,U,V取值0,0,255);左下角颜色偏红(Y,U,V取值0,255,0);右下角颜色偏品色(Y,U,V取值255,255,0)。而正中央是黑色(Y,U,V取值0,128,128)。
在这个地方可能很多人会有疑问,认为Y,U,V取值为0,0,0的时候按理说应该是黑色。实际上U,V是加了偏置的分量,而偏置量就是128。所以“纯正”的黑色实际上对应的是Y,U,V取值为0,128,128的颜色。
该视频的第128帧如下图所示。
可以看出随着Y分量的增加,颜色发生了一些变化。
该视频的第255帧如下图所示。
可以看出,尽管Y分量从0增长到255,但是实际上色调变化不大,只是亮度变化很大。这是因为U,V分量存储了色度信息,Y分量存储了亮度信息。
函数原型
gen_allcolor_video()是用于生成渐变彩条图的函数,该函数的原型如下。
/**
* Generate a video in 256x256 and has 256 frames that contains all the colors.
* Each color is shown in 1 pixel. They are mapped as follows:
* In RGB24
* R component's value is increasing with the growth of width (X-axis);
* G component's value is increasing with the growth of height (Y-axis);
* B component's value is increasing with the growth of frame number (Z-axis).
* In YUV444P
* U component's value is increasing with the growth of width (X-axis);
* V component's value is increasing with the growth of height (Y-axis);
* Y component's value is increasing with the growth of frame number (Z-axis).
*
* This function now support to draw YUV444P/RGB24 format pixel.
*
* @return 0 if finished, -1 if there are errors.
*/
int gen_allcolor_video();
该函数没有参数,直接调用即可生成上述视频。
工具函数:RGB24转BMP
本工具除了可以生成测试图片外,还提供了一个简单的工具函数:RGB24转BMP。经过转换后,原本只能用专用的RGB/YUV播放器查看的像素数据,就可以直接拿图片浏览器查看了。例如输入的RGB24像素数据如下所示。
而输出的BMP图片如下所示。
RGB24转换BMP有以下2个关键点:
(1) 在RGB数据前面加上文件头
(2) 把RGB24数据中的“R”和“B”位置互换(因为BMP中的RGB24实际的存储方式是bgrbgrbgr…)。
源代码
/**
* 最简单的测试图片生成工具
* Simplest Pic Gen
*
* 雷霄骅 Lei Xiaohua
* leixiaohua1020@126.com
* 中国传媒大学/数字电视技术
* Communication University of China / Digital TV Technology
* http://blog.csdn.net/leixiaohua1020
*
* 本程序可以生成多种RGB/YUV格式的测试图像。包括:
* 灰阶图 [YUV420P]
* 彩条图 [RGB24]
* 彩色条纹图 [RGB24]
* RGB渐变彩条图 [RGB24]
* YUV渐变彩条图 [YUV420P]
* 颜色视频 [RGB24][YUV444P]
*
* This software can generate several picture that used for
* test:
* Gray Bar Picture [YUV420P]
* Color Bar Picture [RGB24]
* Color Stripe Picture [RGB24]
* RGB Gradient Bar Picture [RGB24]
* YUV Gradient Bar Picture [YUV420P]
* All Color Video [RGB24][YUV444P]
*
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
/**
* Generate Picture contains Stripe in RGB24 Format
*
* @param width the width of picture.
* @param height the height of picture.
* @param r Red component of stripe
* @param g Green component of stripe
* @param b Blue component of stripe
* @return 0 if finished, -1 if there are errors.
*/
int gen_rgb24_stripe(int width, int height,
unsigned char r,unsigned char g,unsigned char b){
unsigned char *data=NULL;
char filename[100]={0};
FILE *fp=NULL;
int i=0,j=0;
//Check
if(width<=0||height<=0){
printf("Error: Width, Height cannot be 0 or negative number!\n");
printf("Default Param is used.\n");
width=640;
height=480;
}
data=(unsigned char *)malloc(width*height*3);
sprintf(filename,"rgbstripe_%dx%d_rgb24.rgb",width,height);
if((fp=fopen(filename,"wb+"))==NULL){
printf("Error: Cannot create file!");
return -1;
}
for(j=0;j<height;j++){
for(i=0;i<width;i++){
if(i%2!=0){
data[(j*width+i)*3+0]=r;
data[(j*width+i)*3+1]=g;
data[(j*width+i)*3+2]=b;
}else{//White
data[(j*width+i)*3+0]=255;
data[(j*width+i)*3+1]=255;
data[(j*width+i)*3+2]=255;
}
}
}
fwrite(data,width*height*3,1,fp);
fclose(fp);
free(data);
printf("Finish generate %s!\n",filename);
return 0;
}
/**
* Generate Picture contains Gray Bar changing from Black to White in YUV420P Format
*
* @param width the width of picture.
* @param height the height of picture.
* @param barnum the number of Bars in the picture.
* @param ymin the minimum value of luminance.
* @param ymax the maximum value of luminance.
* @return 0 if finished, -1 if there are errors.
*/
int gen_yuv420p_graybar(int width, int height,int barnum,unsigned char ymin,unsigned char ymax){
int barwidth;
float lum_inc;
unsigned char lum_temp;
int uv_width,uv_height;
FILE *fp=NULL;
unsigned char *data_y=NULL;
unsigned char *data_u=NULL;
unsigned char *data_v=NULL;
int t=0,i=0,j=0;
char filename[100]={0};
//Check
if(width<=0||height<=0||barnum<=0){
printf("Error: Width, Height or Bar Number cannot be 0 or negative number!\n");
printf("Default Param is used.\n");
width=640;
height=480;
barnum=10;
}
if(width%barnum!=0){
printf("Warning: Width cannot be divided by Bar Number without remainder!\n");
}
barwidth=width/barnum;
lum_inc=((float)(ymax-ymin))/((float)(barnum-1));
uv_width=width/2;
uv_height=height/2;
data_y=(unsigned char *)malloc(width*height);
data_u=(unsigned char *)malloc(uv_width*uv_height);
data_v=(unsigned char *)malloc(uv_width*uv_height);
sprintf(filename,"graybar_%dx%d_yuv420p.yuv",width,height);
if((fp=fopen(filename,"wb+"))==NULL){
printf("Error: Cannot create file!");
return -1;
}
//Output Info
printf("Y, U, V value from picture's left to right:\n");
for(t=0;t<(width/barwidth);t++){
lum_temp=ymin+(char)(t*lum_inc);
printf("%3d, 128, 128\n",lum_temp);
}
//Gen Data
for(j=0;j<height;j++){
for(i=0;i<width;i++){
t=i/barwidth;
lum_temp=ymin+(char)(t*lum_inc);
data_y[j*width+i]=lum_temp;
}
}
for(j=0;j<uv_height;j++){
for(i=0;i<uv_width;i++){
data_u[j*uv_width+i]=128;
}
}
for(j=0;j<uv_height;j++){
for(i=0;i<uv_width;i++){
data_v[j*uv_width+i]=128;
}
}
fwrite(data_y,width*height,1,fp);
fwrite(data_u,uv_width*uv_height,1,fp);
fwrite(data_v,uv_width*uv_height,1,fp);
fclose(fp);
free(data_y);
free(data_u);
free(data_v);
printf("Finish generate %s!\n",filename);
}
/**
* Generate Picture contains standard Color Bar in RGB24 Format
*
* @param width the width of picture.
* @param height the height of picture.
* @return 0 if finished, -1 if there are errors.
*/
int gen_rgb24_colorbar(int width, int height){
unsigned char *data=NULL;
int barwidth;
char filename[100]={0};
FILE *fp=NULL;
int i=0,j=0;
int lum;
float r_coeff=0.299,g_coeff=0.587,b_coeff=0.114;
//Check
if(width<=0||height<=0){
printf("Error: Width, Height cannot be 0 or negative number!\n");
printf("Default Param is used.\n");
width=640;
height=480;
}
if(width%8!=0)
printf("Warning: Width cannot be divided by Bar Number without remainder!\n");
data=(unsigned char *)malloc(width*height*3);
barwidth=width/8;
sprintf(filename,"colorbar_%dx%d_rgb24.rgb",width,height);
if((fp=fopen(filename,"wb+"))==NULL){
printf("Error: Cannot create file!");
return -1;
}
printf("Luminance (Y) component value of colors from left to right:\n");
lum=r_coeff*255.0+g_coeff*255.0+b_coeff*255.0;
printf("[White] \tR,G,B=255,255,255\t Y=%.3f*R+%.3f*G+%.3f*B=%3d\n",
r_coeff,g_coeff,b_coeff,lum);
lum=r_coeff*255.0+g_coeff*255.0+b_coeff*0.0;
printf("[Yellow] \tR,G,B=255,255, 0\t Y=%.3f*R+%.3f*G+%.3f*B=%3d\n",
r_coeff,g_coeff,b_coeff,lum);
lum=r_coeff*0.0+g_coeff*255.0+b_coeff*255.0;
printf("[Cyan] \tR,G,B= 0,255,255\t Y=%.3f*R+%.3f*G+%.3f*B=%3d\n",
r_coeff,g_coeff,b_coeff,lum);
lum=r_coeff*0.0+g_coeff*255.0+b_coeff*0.0;
printf("[Green] \tR,G,B= 0,255, 0\t Y=%.3f*R+%.3f*G+%.3f*B=%3d\n",
r_coeff,g_coeff,b_coeff,lum);
lum=r_coeff*255.0+g_coeff*0.0+b_coeff*255.0;
printf("[Magenta]\tR,G,B=255, 0,255\t Y=%.3f*R+%.3f*G+%.3f*B=%3d\n",
r_coeff,g_coeff,b_coeff,lum);
lum=r_coeff*255.0+g_coeff*0.0+b_coeff*0.0;
printf("[Red] \tR,G,B=255, 0, 0\t Y=%.3f*R+%.3f*G+%.3f*B=%3d\n",
r_coeff,g_coeff,b_coeff,lum);
lum=r_coeff*0.0+g_coeff*0.0+b_coeff*255.0;
printf("[Blue] \tR,G,B= 0, 0,255\t Y=%.3f*R+%.3f*G+%.3f*B=%3d\n",
r_coeff,g_coeff,b_coeff,lum);
lum=r_coeff*0.0+g_coeff*0.0+b_coeff*0.0;
printf("[Black] \tR,G,B= 0, 0, 0\t Y=%.3f*R+%.3f*G+%.3f*B=%3d\n",
r_coeff,g_coeff,b_coeff,lum);
for(j=0;j<height;j++){
for(i=0;i<width;i++){
int barnum=i/barwidth;
switch(barnum){
case 0:{
data[(j*width+i)*3+0]=255;
data[(j*width+i)*3+1]=255;
data[(j*width+i)*3+2]=255;
break;
}
case 1:{
data[(j*width+i)*3+0]=255;
data[(j*width+i)*3+1]=255;
data[(j*width+i)*3+2]=0;
break;
}
case 2:{
data[(j*width+i)*3+0]=0;
data[(j*width+i)*3+1]=255;
data[(j*width+i)*3+2]=255;
break;
}
case 3:{
data[(j*width+i)*3+0]=0;
data[(j*width+i)*3+1]=255;
data[(j*width+i)*3+2]=0;
break;
}
case 4:{
data[(j*width+i)*3+0]=255;
data[(j*width+i)*3+1]=0;
data[(j*width+i)*3+2]=255;
break;
}
case 5:{
data[(j*width+i)*3+0]=255;
data[(j*width+i)*3+1]=0;
data[(j*width+i)*3+2]=0;
break;
}
case 6:{
data[(j*width+i)*3+0]=0;
data[(j*width+i)*3+1]=0;
data[(j*width+i)*3+2]=255;
break;
}
case 7:{
data[(j*width+i)*3+0]=0;
data[(j*width+i)*3+1]=0;
data[(j*width+i)*3+2]=0;
break;
}
}
}
}
fwrite(data,width*height*3,1,fp);
fclose(fp);
free(data);
printf("Finish generate %s!\n",filename);
}
/**
* Generate Picture contains Color Bar Changing from source color
* to destination color in RGB24 Format
*
* @param width the width of picture.
* @param height the height of picture.
* @param barnum the number of Bars in the picture.
* @param src_r Red component of source color.
* @param src_g Green component of source color.
* @param src_b Blue component of source color.
* @param dst_r Red component of destination color.
* @param dst_g Green component of destination color.
* @param dst_b Blue component of destination color.
* @return 0 if finished, -1 if there are errors.
*/
int gen_rgb24_rgbgradient_bar(int width, int height,int barnum,
unsigned char src_r,unsigned char src_g,unsigned char src_b,
unsigned char dst_r,unsigned char dst_g,unsigned char dst_b){
unsigned char *data=NULL;
int barwidth;
float r_inc,g_inc,b_inc;
unsigned char r_temp,g_temp,b_temp;
char filename[100]={0};
FILE *fp=NULL;
int t=0,i=0,j=0;
//Check
if(width<=0||height<=0||barnum<=0){
printf("Error: Width, Height or Bar Number cannot be 0 or negative number!\n");
printf("Default Param is used.\n");
width=640;
height=480;
}
if(width%barnum!=0)
printf("Warning: Width cannot be divided by Bar Number without remainder!\n");
data=(unsigned char *)malloc(width*height*3);
barwidth=width/barnum;
r_inc=((float)(dst_r-src_r))/((float)(barnum-1));
g_inc=((float)(dst_g-src_g))/((float)(barnum-1));
b_inc=((float)(dst_b-src_b))/((float)(barnum-1));
sprintf(filename,"rgbgradientbar_%dx%d_rgb24.rgb",width,height);
if((fp=fopen(filename,"wb+"))==NULL){
printf("Error: Cannot create file!");
return -1;
}
//Output Info
printf("R, G, B value from picture's left to right:\n");
for(t=0;t<(width/barwidth);t++){
r_temp=src_r+(char)(t*r_inc);
g_temp=src_g+(char)(t*g_inc);
b_temp=src_b+(char)(t*b_inc);
printf("%3d, %3d, %3d\n",r_temp,g_temp,b_temp);
}
for(j=0;j<height;j++){
for(i=0;i<width;i++){
t=i/barwidth;
r_temp=src_r+(char)(t*r_inc);
g_temp=src_g+(char)(t*g_inc);
b_temp=src_b+(char)(t*b_inc);
data[(j*width+i)*3+0]=r_temp;
data[(j*width+i)*3+1]=g_temp;
data[(j*width+i)*3+2]=b_temp;
}
}
fwrite(data,width*height*3,1,fp);
fclose(fp);
free(data);
printf("Finish generate %s!\n",filename);
return 0;
}
/**
* Generate Picture contains Color Bar Changing from source color
* to destination color in YUV420P Format
*
* @param width the width of picture.
* @param height the height of picture.
* @param barnum the number of Bars in the picture.
* @param src_y Luma component of source color.
* @param src_u U component of source color.
* @param src_v V component of source color.
* @param dst_y Luma component of destination color.
* @param dst_u U component of destination color.
* @param dst_v V component of destination color.
* @return 0 if finished, -1 if there are errors.
*/
int gen_yuv420p_yuvgradient_bar(int width, int height,int barnum,
unsigned char src_y,unsigned char src_u,unsigned char src_v,
unsigned char dst_y,unsigned char dst_u,unsigned char dst_v){
int uv_width,uv_height;
unsigned char *data_y=NULL;
unsigned char *data_u=NULL;
unsigned char *data_v=NULL;
FILE *fp=NULL;
int barwidth,uv_barwidth;
float y_inc,u_inc,v_inc=0;
unsigned char y_temp,u_temp,v_temp=0;
char filename[100]={0};
int t=0,i=0,j=0;
//Check
if(width<=0||height<=0||barnum<=0){
printf("Error: Width, Height or Bar Number cannot be 0 or negative number!\n");
printf("Default Param is used.\n");
width=640;
height=480;
}
if(width%barnum!=0)
printf("Warning: Width cannot be divided by Bar Number without remainder!\n");
uv_width=width/2;
uv_height=height/2;
data_y=(unsigned char *)malloc(width*height);
data_u=(unsigned char *)malloc(uv_width*uv_height);
data_v=(unsigned char *)malloc(uv_width*uv_height);
barwidth=width/barnum;
uv_barwidth=barwidth/(width/uv_width);
y_inc=((float)(dst_y-src_y))/((float)(barnum-1));
u_inc=((float)(dst_u-src_u))/((float)(barnum-1));
v_inc=((float)(dst_v-src_v))/((float)(barnum-1));
sprintf(filename,"yuvgradientbar_%dx%d_yuv420p.yuv",width,height);
if((fp=fopen(filename,"wb+"))==NULL){
printf("Error: Cannot create file!");
return -1;
}
//Output Info
printf("Y, U, V value from picture's left to right:\n");
for(t=0;t<(width/barwidth);t++){
y_temp=src_y+(char)(t*y_inc);
u_temp=src_u+(char)(t*u_inc);
v_temp=src_v+(char)(t*v_inc);
printf("%3d, %3d, %3d\n",y_temp,u_temp,v_temp);
}
//Gen Data
for(j=0;j<height;j++){
for(i=0;i<width;i++){
t=i/barwidth;
y_temp=src_y+(char)(t*y_inc);
data_y[j*width+i]=y_temp;
}
}
for(j=0;j<uv_height;j++){
for(i=0;i<uv_width;i++){
t=i/uv_barwidth;
u_temp=src_u+(char)(t*u_inc);
data_u[j*uv_width+i]=u_temp;
}
}
for(j=0;j<uv_height;j++){
for(i=0;i<uv_width;i++){
t=i/uv_barwidth;
v_temp=src_v+(char)(t*v_inc);
data_v[j*uv_width+i]=v_temp;
}
}
fwrite(data_y,width*height,1,fp);
fwrite(data_u,uv_width*uv_height,1,fp);
fwrite(data_v,uv_width*uv_height,1,fp);
fclose(fp);
free(data_y);
free(data_u);
free(data_v);
printf("Finish generate %s!\n",filename);
return 0;
}
/**
* Convert RGB24 format to BMP format
*
* @param rgb24path path of input RGB24 file.
* @param bmppath path of output BMP file
* @param width the width of picture.
* @param height the height of picture.
* @return 0 if finished, -1 if there are errors.
*/
int rgb24_to_bmp(char *rgb24path,char *bmppath,int width,int height)
{
typedef struct
{
long imageSize;
long blank;
long startPosition;
}BmpHead;
typedef struct
{
long Length;
long width;
long height;
unsigned short colorPlane;
unsigned short bitColor;
long zipFormat;
long realSize;
long xPels;
long yPels;
long colorUse;
long colorImportant;
}InfoHead;
int i=0,j=0;
BmpHead m_BMPHeader={0};
InfoHead m_BMPInfoHeader={0};
char bfType[2]={'B','M'};
int header_size=sizeof(bfType)+sizeof(BmpHead)+sizeof(InfoHead);
unsigned char *rgb24_buffer=NULL;
FILE *fp_rgb24=NULL,*fp_bmp=NULL;
if((fp_rgb24=fopen(rgb24path,"rb"))==NULL){
printf("Error: Cannot open input RGB24 file.\n");
return -1;
}
if((fp_bmp=fopen(bmppath,"wb"))==NULL){
printf("Error: Cannot open output BMP file.\n");
return -1;
}
rgb24_buffer=(unsigned char *)malloc(width*height*3);
fread(rgb24_buffer,1,width*height*3,fp_rgb24);
m_BMPHeader.imageSize=3*width*height+header_size;
m_BMPHeader.startPosition=header_size;
m_BMPInfoHeader.Length=sizeof(InfoHead);
m_BMPInfoHeader.width=width;
//BMP storage pixel data in opposite direction of Y-axis (from bottom to top).
m_BMPInfoHeader.height=-height;
m_BMPInfoHeader.colorPlane=1;
m_BMPInfoHeader.bitColor=24;
m_BMPInfoHeader.realSize=3*width*height;
fwrite(bfType,1,sizeof(bfType),fp_bmp);
fwrite(&m_BMPHeader,1,sizeof(m_BMPHeader),fp_bmp);
fwrite(&m_BMPInfoHeader,1,sizeof(m_BMPInfoHeader),fp_bmp);
//BMP save R1|G1|B1,R2|G2|B2 as B1|G1|R1,B2|G2|R2
//It saves pixel data in Little Endian
//So we change 'R' and 'B'
for(j =0;j<height;j++){
for(i=0;i<width;i++){
char temp=rgb24_buffer[(j*width+i)*3+2];
rgb24_buffer[(j*width+i)*3+2]=rgb24_buffer[(j*width+i)*3+0];
rgb24_buffer[(j*width+i)*3+0]=temp;
}
}
fwrite(rgb24_buffer,3*width*height,1,fp_bmp);
fclose(fp_rgb24);
fclose(fp_bmp);
free(rgb24_buffer);
printf("Finish generate %s!\n",bmppath);
return 0;
}
/**
* Generate a video in 256x256 and has 256 frames that contains all the colors.
* Each color is shown in 1 pixel. They are mapped as follows:
* In RGB24
* R component's value is increasing with the growth of width (X-axis);
* G component's value is increasing with the growth of height (Y-axis);
* B component's value is increasing with the growth of frame number (Z-axis).
* In YUV444P
* U component's value is increasing with the growth of width (X-axis);
* V component's value is increasing with the growth of height (Y-axis);
* Y component's value is increasing with the growth of frame number (Z-axis).
*
* This function now support to draw YUV444P/RGB24 format pixel.
*
* @return 0 if finished, -1 if there are errors.
*/
int gen_allcolor_video(){
unsigned char *data=NULL;
char filename[100]={0};
FILE *fp=NULL;
int width=256,height=256,frames=256;
int i=0,j=0,k=0;
//From left to right (width, X-axis),R increasing from 0 to255
//From Top to bottom (height, Y-axis),G increasing from 0 to255
//From 0 to 255 frames (time, Z-axis),B increasing from 0 to255
data=(unsigned char *)malloc(width*height*3);
sprintf(filename,"allcolor_xr_yg_zb_%dx%d_rgb24.rgb",width,height);
if((fp=fopen(filename,"wb+"))==NULL){
printf("Error: Cannot create file!");
return -1;
}
for(k=0;k<frames;k++){
for(j=0;j<height;j++){
for(i=0;i<width;i++){
data[(j*width+i)*3+0]=i;
data[(j*width+i)*3+1]=j;
data[(j*width+i)*3+2]=k;
}
}
fwrite(data,width*height*3,1,fp);
printf("Finish generate frame %d!\n",k);
}
fclose(fp);
free(data);
printf("Finish generate %s!\n",filename);
//From left to right (width, X-axis),U increasing from 0 to255
//From Top to bottom (height, Y-axis),V increasing from 0 to255
//From 0 to 255 frames (time, Z-axis),Y increasing from 0 to255
data=(unsigned char *)malloc(width*height);
sprintf(filename,"allcolor_xu_yv_zy_%dx%d_yuv444p.yuv",width,height);
if((fp=fopen(filename,"wb+"))==NULL){
printf("Error: Cannot create file!");
return -1;
}
for(k=0;k<frames;k++){
for(j=0;j<height;j++){//Y
for(i=0;i<width;i++){
data[j*width+i]=k;
}
}
fwrite(data,width*height,1,fp);
for(j=0;j<height;j++){//U
for(i=0;i<width;i++){
data[j*width+i]=i;
}
}
fwrite(data,width*height,1,fp);
for(j=0;j<height;j++){//V
for(i=0;i<width;i++){
data[j*width+i]=j;
}
}
fwrite(data,width*height,1,fp);
printf("Finish generate frame %d!\n",k);
}
fclose(fp);
free(data);
printf("Finish generate %s!\n",filename);
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
//All picture's resolution is 1280x720
//Gray Bar, from 16 to 235
gen_yuv420p_graybar(1280,720,10,16,235);
//Color Bar
gen_rgb24_colorbar(1280,720);
//10 bars, RGB changed from 255,0,0 to 0,0,255
gen_rgb24_rgbgradient_bar(1280,720,10,255,0,0,0,0,255);
//10 bars, RGB changed from 0,0,0 to 128,128,128
gen_yuv420p_yuvgradient_bar(1280,720,10,0,0,0,128,128,128);
//RGB24 to BMP
rgb24_to_bmp("colorbar_1280x720_rgb24.rgb","colorbar_1280x720_rgb24.bmp",1280,720);
//Red stripe
gen_rgb24_stripe(1280,720,255,0,0);
//Gen color video
gen_allcolor_video();
return 0;
}
运行结果
程序运行完后,会生成上文中叙述的几种测试图。下载
Simplest FFmpeg Swscale
项目主页
SourceForge:https://sourceforge.net/projects/simplestffmpegswscale/
Github:https://github.com/leixiaohua1020/simplest_ffmpeg_swscale
开源中国:http://git.oschina.net/leixiaohua1020/simplest_ffmpeg_swscale
CDSN下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/leixiaohua1020/8292175
本教程是最简单的基于FFmpeg的libswscale进行像素处理的教程。它包含了两个工程:
simplest_ffmpeg_swscale: 最简单的libswscale的教程。
simplest_pic_gen: 生成各种测试图片的工具。
更新-1.1 (2015.2.13)=========================================
这次考虑到了跨平台的要求,调整了源代码,保证了该项目代码可以在个平台上编译通过。
CSDN下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/leixiaohua1020/8445671
SourceForge上已经更新。