曼-惠特尼U检验

曼-惠特尼U检验又称“曼-惠特尼秩和检验”，是由H.B.Mann和D.R.Whitney于1947年提出的。它假设两个样本分别来自除了总体均值以外完全相同的两个总体，目的是检验这两个总体的均值是否有显著的差别。

一.定义

曼-惠特尼U检验（Mann-Whitney U test）曼-惠特尼秩和检验可以看作是对两均值之差的参数检验方式的T检验或相应的大样本正态检验的代用品。由于曼-惠特尼秩和检验明确地考虑了每一个样本中各测定值所排的秩，它比符号检验法使用了更多的信息。

二.步骤

Computation of the U test begins by arbitrarily designating two samples as group 1 and group 2.the data from the two groups are combined into one group ,with each data value retaining a group identifier of its original group.the pooled values are then ranked from 1 to n,with the smallest value being assigned a rank of 1.

The sum of the ranks of Values from group 1 is computed and designated as W1 and the sum of the ranks of values from group 2 is designated as