linux c语言 模拟键盘输入

1.查看/dev/input/eventX是什么类型的事件

root@NanoPi2:~# cat /proc/bus/input/devices 
I: Bus=0003 Vendor=062a Product=4182 Version=0110
N: Name="MOSART Semi. 2.4G Keyboard Mouse"
P: Phys=usb-nxp-ehci-1.2.2/input0
S: Sysfs=/devices/platform/nxp-ehci/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2.2/1-1.2.2:1.0/input/input3
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=sysrq kbd event3 
B: PROP=0
B: EV=120013
B: KEY=10000 7 ff9f207a c14057ff febeffdf ffefffff ffffffff fffffffe
B: MSC=10
B: LED=7
I: Bus=0003 Vendor=062a Product=4182 Version=0110
N: Name="MOSART Semi. 2.4G Keyboard Mouse"
P: Phys=usb-nxp-ehci-1.2.2/input1
S: Sysfs=/devices/platform/nxp-ehci/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2.2/1-1.2.2:1.1/input/input4
U: Uniq=
H: Handlers=kbd mouse1 event4 
B: PROP=0
B: EV=1f
B: KEY=4837fff 72ff32d bf544446 0 0 1f0001 20f90 8b17c000 677bfa d941dfed 9ed680 4400 0 10000002
B: REL=1c3
B: ABS=1f01 0
B: MSC=10

查询结果是键盘句柄：kbd event3 鼠标句柄：kbd mouse1 event4
设备有着自己特殊的按键键码，我需要将一些标准的按键，比如0－9，X－Z等模拟成标准按键，比如KEY_0,KEY-Z等，所以需要用到按键模拟，具体 方法就是操作/dev/input/event1文件，向它写入个input_event结构体就可以模拟按键的输入了。
linux/input.h中有定义，这个文件还定义了标准按键的编码等

struct input_event {  

struct timeval time; //按键时间  
__u16 type; //类型，在下面有定义  
__u16 code; //要模拟成什么按键  
__s32 value;//是按下还是释放  

}; 

code：
事件的代码.如果事件的类型代码是EV_KEY,该代码code为设备键盘代码.代码植0~127为键盘上的按键代码,0x110~0x116 为鼠标上按键代码,其中0x110(BTN_ LEFT)为鼠标左键,0x111(BTN_RIGHT)为鼠标右键,0x112(BTN_ MIDDLE)为鼠标中键.其它代码含义请参看include/linux/input.h文件. 如果事件的类型代码是EV_REL,code值表示轨迹的类型.如指示鼠标的X轴方向REL_X(代码为0x00),指示鼠标的Y轴方向REL_Y(代码 为0x01),指示鼠标中轮子方向REL_WHEEL(代码为0x08).
type:
EV_KEY,键盘
EV_REL,相对坐标
EV_ABS,绝对坐标
value：
事件的值.如果事件的类型代码是EV_KEY,当按键按下时值为1,松开时值为0;如果事件的类型代码是EV_ REL,value的正数值和负数值分别代表两个不同方向的值.

/* 
* Event types 
*/  
#define EV_SYN 0x00  
#define EV_KEY 0x01 //按键  
#define EV_REL 0x02 //相对坐标(轨迹球)  
#define EV_ABS 0x03 //绝对坐标  
#define EV_MSC 0x04 //其他  
#define EV_SW 0x05  
#define EV_LED 0x11 //LED  
#define EV_SND 0x12//声音  
#define EV_REP 0x14//repeat  
#define EV_FF 0x15   
#define EV_PWR 0x16  
#define EV_FF_STATUS 0x17  
#define EV_MAX 0x1f  
#define EV_CNT (EV_MAX+1) 

2.模拟按键输入
//其中0表示释放，1按键按下，2表示一直按下
//0 for EV_KEY for release, 1 for keypress and 2 for autorepeat.

void simulate_key(int fd,int value)  
{  
    struct input_event event;  
    event.type = EV_KEY;  
    //event.code = KEY_0;//要模拟成什么按键  
    event.value = value;//是按下还是释放按键或者重复  
    gettimeofday(&event.time,0);  
    if(write(fd,&event,sizeof(event)) < 0)
    {  
        dprintk("simulate key error~~~\n");  
        return ;  
    }  
}  

3.模拟鼠标输入（轨迹球）

void simulate_mouse(int fd,char buf[4])  
{  
int rel_x,rel_y;  
static struct input_event event,ev;  
//buf[0],buf[2],小于0则为左移，大于0则为右移  
//buf[1],buf[3],小于0则为下移，大于0则为上移  
dprintk("MOUSE TOUCH: x1=%d,y1=%d,x2=%d,y2=%d\n",buf[0],buf[1],buf[2],buf[3]);  
rel_x = (buf[0] + buf[2]) /2;  
rel_y = -(buf[1] + buf[3]) /2; //和我们的鼠标是相反的方向，所以取反  
event.type = EV_REL;  
event.code = REL_X;  
event.value = rel_x;  
gettimeofday(&event.time,0);  
if( write(fd,&event,sizeof(event))!=sizeof(event))  
dprintk("rel_x error~~~:%s\n",strerror(errno));  
event.code = REL_Y;  
event.value = rel_y;  
gettimeofday(&event.time,0);  
if( write(fd,&event,sizeof(event))!=sizeof(event))  
dprintk("rel_y error~~~:%s\n",strerror(errno));  
//一定要刷新空的  
write(fd,&ev,sizeof(ev));  
}  

4.鼠标和键盘文件打开方法：

int fd_kbd; // /dev/input/event1  
int fd_mouse; //dev/input/mouse2  
fd_kbd = open("/dev/input/event1",O_RDWR);  
if(fd_kbd<=0){  
printf("error open keyboard:%s\n",strerror(errno));  
return -1;  
}  
fd_mouse = open("/dev/input/event3",O_RDWR); //如果不行的话，那试试/dev/input/mice  
if(fd_mouse<=0){  
printf("error open mouse:%s\n",strerror(errno));  
return -2;  
}  
} 

5.例子

#include <string.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <sys/types.h>  
#include <sys/stat.h>  
#include <fcntl.h>  
#include <linux/input.h>  
#include <linux/uinput.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <sys/time.h>  
#include <sys/types.h>  
#include <unistd.h>  

void simulate_key(int fd,int kval)  
{  
    struct input_event event;  
    event.type = EV_KEY;  
    event.value = 1;  
    event.code = kval;  

    gettimeofday(&event.time,0);  
    write(fd,&event,sizeof(event)) ;  

        event.type = EV_SYN;  
        event.code = SYN_REPORT;  
        event.value = 0;  
        write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));  

        memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));  
        gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);  
        event.type = EV_KEY;  
        event.code = kval;  
        event.value = 0;  
        write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));  
        event.type = EV_SYN;  
        event.code = SYN_REPORT;  
        event.value = 0;  
        write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));  
}  
void simulate_mouse(int fd)  
{  
    struct input_event event;  
        memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));  
        gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);  
        event.type = EV_REL;  
        event.code = REL_X;  
        event.value = 10;  
        write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));  

        event.type = EV_REL;  
        event.code = REL_Y;  
        event.value = 10;  
        write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));  

        event.type = EV_SYN;  
        event.code = SYN_REPORT;  
        event.value = 0;  
        write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));  
}  
int main()  
{  
    int fd_kbd;   
    int fd_mouse;   
    fd_kbd = open("/dev/input/event1",O_RDWR);  
    if(fd_kbd<=0){  
        printf("error open keyboard:\n");  
        return -1;  
    }  
    fd_mouse = open("/dev/input/event2",O_RDWR);   
    if(fd_mouse<=0){  
        printf("error open mouse\n");  
        return -2;  
    }  
    int i = 0;  
    for(i=0; i< 10; i++)  
    {  
        simulate_key(fd_kbd, KEY_A + i);  
        simulate_mouse(fd_mouse);  
        sleep(1);  
    }  
    close(fd_kbd);  
}  

6.模拟多个按键

void simulate_ctrl_space(int fd)  
{  
        struct input_event event;  

     //先发送一个 CTRL 按下去的事件。  
        event.type = EV_KEY;  
        event.value = 1;  
        event.code = KEY_LEFTCTRL;  
        gettimeofday(&event.time,0);  
        write(fd,&event,sizeof(event)) ;  

        event.type = EV_SYN;  
        event.code = SYN_REPORT;  
        event.value = 0;  
        write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));  

     //先发送一个 SPACE 按下去的事件。  
        event.type = EV_KEY;  
        event.value = 1;  
        event.code = KEY_SPACE;  
        gettimeofday(&event.time,0);  
        write(fd,&event,sizeof(event)) ;  

     //发送一个 释放 SPACE 的事件  
        memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));  
        gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);  
        event.type = EV_KEY;  
        event.code = KEY_SPACE;  
        event.value = 0;  
        write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));  

        event.type = EV_SYN;  
        event.code = SYN_REPORT;  
        event.value = 0;  
        write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));  

     //发送一个 释放 CTRL 的事件  
        memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));  
        gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);  
        event.type = EV_KEY;  
        event.code = KEY_LEFTCTRL;  
        event.value = 0;  
        write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));  

        event.type = EV_SYN;  
        event.code = SYN_REPORT;  
        event.value = 0;  
        write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));  
}  

6.附input.h中key定义

213 #define KEY_RESERVED            0
214 #define KEY_ESC                 1
215 #define KEY_1                   2
216 #define KEY_2                   3
217 #define KEY_3                   4
218 #define KEY_4                   5
219 #define KEY_5                   6
220 #define KEY_6                   7
221 #define KEY_7                   8
222 #define KEY_8                   9
223 #define KEY_9                   10
224 #define KEY_0                   11
225 #define KEY_MINUS               12
226 #define KEY_EQUAL               13
227 #define KEY_BACKSPACE           14
228 #define KEY_TAB                 15
229 #define KEY_Q                   16
230 #define KEY_W                   17
231 #define KEY_E                   18
232 #define KEY_R                   19
233 #define KEY_T                   20
234 #define KEY_Y                   21
235 #define KEY_U                   22
236 #define KEY_I                   23
237 #define KEY_O                   24
238 #define KEY_P                   25
239 #define KEY_LEFTBRACE           26
240 #define KEY_RIGHTBRACE          27
241 #define KEY_ENTER               28
242 #define KEY_LEFTCTRL            29
243 #define KEY_A                   30
244 #define KEY_S                   31
245 #define KEY_D                   32
246 #define KEY_F                   33
247 #define KEY_G                   34
248 #define KEY_H                   35
249 #define KEY_J                   36
250 #define KEY_K                   37
251 #define KEY_L                   38
252 #define KEY_SEMICOLON           39
253 #define KEY_APOSTROPHE          40
254 #define KEY_GRAVE               41
255 #define KEY_LEFTSHIFT           42
256 #define KEY_BACKSLASH           43
257 #define KEY_Z                   44
258 #define KEY_X                   45
259 #define KEY_C                   46
260 #define KEY_V                   47
261 #define KEY_B                   48
262 #define KEY_N                   49
263 #define KEY_M                   50
264 #define KEY_COMMA               51
265 #define KEY_DOT                 52
266 #define KEY_SLASH               53
267 #define KEY_RIGHTSHIFT          54
268 #define KEY_KPASTERISK          55
269 #define KEY_LEFTALT             56
270 #define KEY_SPACE               57
271 #define KEY_CAPSLOCK            58
272 #define KEY_F1                  59
273 #define KEY_F2                  60
274 #define KEY_F3                  61
275 #define KEY_F4                  62
276 #define KEY_F5                  63
277 #define KEY_F6                  64
278 #define KEY_F7                  65
279 #define KEY_F8                  66
280 #define KEY_F9                  67
281 #define KEY_F10                 68
282 #define KEY_NUMLOCK             69
283 #define KEY_SCROLLLOCK          70
284 #define KEY_KP7                 71
285 #define KEY_KP8                 72
286 #define KEY_KP9                 73
287 #define KEY_KPMINUS             74
288 #define KEY_KP4                 75
289 #define KEY_KP5                 76
290 #define KEY_KP6                 77
291 #define KEY_KPPLUS              78
292 #define KEY_KP1                 79
293 #define KEY_KP2                 80
294 #define KEY_KP3                 81
295 #define KEY_KP0                 82
296 #define KEY_KPDOT               83
297 
298 #define KEY_ZENKAKUHANKAKU      85
299 #define KEY_102ND               86
300 #define KEY_F11                 87
301 #define KEY_F12                 88
302 #define KEY_RO                  89
303 #define KEY_KATAKANA            90
304 #define KEY_HIRAGANA            91
305 #define KEY_HENKAN              92
306 #define KEY_KATAKANAHIRAGANA    93
307 #define KEY_MUHENKAN            94
308 #define KEY_KPJPCOMMA           95
309 #define KEY_KPENTER             96
310 #define KEY_RIGHTCTRL           97
311 #define KEY_KPSLASH             98
312 #define KEY_SYSRQ               99
313 #define KEY_RIGHTALT            100
314 #define KEY_LINEFEED            101
315 #define KEY_HOME                102
316 #define KEY_UP                  103
317 #define KEY_PAGEUP              104
318 #define KEY_LEFT                105
319 #define KEY_RIGHT               106
320 #define KEY_END                 107
321 #define KEY_DOWN                108
322 #define KEY_PAGEDOWN            109
323 #define KEY_INSERT              110
324 #define KEY_DELETE              111
325 #define KEY_MACRO               112
326 #define KEY_MUTE                113
327 #define KEY_VOLUMEDOWN          114
328 #define KEY_VOLUMEUP            115
329 #define KEY_POWER               116     /* SC System Power Down */
330 #define KEY_KPEQUAL             117
331 #define KEY_KPPLUSMINUS         118
332 #define KEY_PAUSE               119
333 #define KEY_SCALE               120     /* AL Compiz Scale (Expose) */
334 
335 #define KEY_KPCOMMA             121
336 #define KEY_HANGEUL             122
337 #define KEY_HANGUEL             KEY_HANGEUL
338 #define KEY_HANJA               123
339 #define KEY_YEN                 124
340 #define KEY_LEFTMETA            125
341 #define KEY_RIGHTMETA           126
342 #define KEY_COMPOSE             127
343 
344 #define KEY_STOP                128     /* AC Stop */
345 #define KEY_AGAIN               129
346 #define KEY_PROPS               130     /* AC Properties */
347 #define KEY_UNDO                131     /* AC Undo */
348 #define KEY_FRONT               132
349 #define KEY_COPY                133     /* AC Copy */
350 #define KEY_OPEN                134     /* AC Open */
351 #define KEY_PASTE               135     /* AC Paste */
352 #define KEY_FIND                136     /* AC Search */
353 #define KEY_CUT                 137     /* AC Cut */
354 #define KEY_HELP                138     /* AL Integrated Help Center */
355 #define KEY_MENU                139     /* Menu (show menu) */
356 #define KEY_CALC                140     /* AL Calculator */
357 #define KEY_SETUP               141
358 #define KEY_SLEEP               142     /* SC System Sleep */
359 #define KEY_WAKEUP              143     /* System Wake Up */
360 #define KEY_FILE                144     /* AL Local Machine Browser */
361 #define KEY_SENDFILE            145
362 #define KEY_DELETEFILE          146
363 #define KEY_XFER                147
364 #define KEY_PROG1               148
365 #define KEY_PROG2               149
366 #define KEY_WWW                 150     /* AL Internet Browser */
367 #define KEY_MSDOS               151
368 #define KEY_COFFEE              152     /* AL Terminal Lock/Screensaver */
369 #define KEY_SCREENLOCK          KEY_COFFEE
370 #define KEY_DIRECTION           153
371 #define KEY_CYCLEWINDOWS        154
372 #define KEY_MAIL                155
373 #define KEY_BOOKMARKS           156     /* AC Bookmarks */
374 #define KEY_COMPUTER            157
375 #define KEY_BACK                158     /* AC Back */
376 #define KEY_FORWARD             159     /* AC Forward */
377 #define KEY_CLOSECD             160
378 #define KEY_EJECTCD             161
379 #define KEY_EJECTCLOSECD        162
380 #define KEY_NEXTSONG            163
381 #define KEY_PLAYPAUSE           164
382 #define KEY_PREVIOUSSONG        165
383 #define KEY_STOPCD              166
384 #define KEY_RECORD              167
385 #define KEY_REWIND              168
386 #define KEY_PHONE               169     /* Media Select Telephone */
387 #define KEY_ISO                 170
388 #define KEY_CONFIG              171     /* AL Consumer Control Configuration */
389 #define KEY_HOMEPAGE            172     /* AC Home */
390 #define KEY_REFRESH             173     /* AC Refresh */
391 #define KEY_EXIT                174     /* AC Exit */
392 #define KEY_MOVE                175
393 #define KEY_EDIT                176
394 #define KEY_SCROLLUP            177
395 #define KEY_SCROLLDOWN          178
396 #define KEY_KPLEFTPAREN         179
397 #define KEY_KPRIGHTPAREN        180
398 #define KEY_NEW                 181     /* AC New */
399 #define KEY_REDO                182     /* AC Redo/Repeat */
400 
401 #define KEY_F13                 183
402 #define KEY_F14                 184
403 #define KEY_F15                 185
404 #define KEY_F16                 186
405 #define KEY_F17                 187
406 #define KEY_F18                 188
407 #define KEY_F19                 189
408 #define KEY_F20                 190
409 #define KEY_F21                 191
410 #define KEY_F22                 192
411 #define KEY_F23                 193
412 #define KEY_F24                 194
413 
414 #define KEY_PLAYCD              200
415 #define KEY_PAUSECD             201
416 #define KEY_PROG3               202
417 #define KEY_PROG4               203
418 #define KEY_DASHBOARD           204     /* AL Dashboard */
419 #define KEY_SUSPEND             205
420 #define KEY_CLOSE               206     /* AC Close */
421 #define KEY_PLAY                207
422 #define KEY_FASTFORWARD         208
423 #define KEY_BASSBOOST           209
424 #define KEY_PRINT               210     /* AC Print */
425 #define KEY_HP                  211
426 #define KEY_CAMERA              212
427 #define KEY_SOUND               213
428 #define KEY_QUESTION            214
429 #define KEY_EMAIL               215
430 #define KEY_CHAT                216
431 #define KEY_SEARCH              217
432 #define KEY_CONNECT             218
433 #define KEY_FINANCE             219     /* AL Checkbook/Finance */
434 #define KEY_SPORT               220
435 #define KEY_SHOP                221
436 #define KEY_ALTERASE            222
437 #define KEY_CANCEL              223     /* AC Cancel */
438 #define KEY_BRIGHTNESSDOWN      224
439 #define KEY_BRIGHTNESSUP        225
440 #define KEY_MEDIA               226
441 
442 #define KEY_SWITCHVIDEOMODE     227     /* Cycle between available video
443                                            outputs (Monitor/LCD/TV-out/etc) */
444 #define KEY_KBDILLUMTOGGLE      228
445 #define KEY_KBDILLUMDOWN        229
446 #define KEY_KBDILLUMUP          230
447 
448 #define KEY_SEND                231     /* AC Send */
449 #define KEY_REPLY               232     /* AC Reply */
450 #define KEY_FORWARDMAIL         233     /* AC Forward Msg */
451 #define KEY_SAVE                234     /* AC Save */
452 #define KEY_DOCUMENTS           235
453 
454 #define KEY_BATTERY             236
455 
456 #define KEY_BLUETOOTH           237
457 #define KEY_WLAN                238
458 #define KEY_UWB                 239
459 
460 #define KEY_UNKNOWN             240
461 
462 #define KEY_VIDEO_NEXT          241     /* drive next video source */
463 #define KEY_VIDEO_PREV          242     /* drive previous video source */
464 #define KEY_BRIGHTNESS_CYCLE    243     /* brightness up, after max is min */
465 #define KEY_BRIGHTNESS_AUTO     244     /* Set Auto Brightness: manual
466                                           brightness control is off,
467                                           rely on ambient */
468 #define KEY_BRIGHTNESS_ZERO     KEY_BRIGHTNESS_AUTO
#define KEY_DISPLAY_OFF         245     /* display device to off state */
#define KEY_WWAN                246     /* Wireless WAN (LTE, UMTS, GSM, etc.) */
#define KEY_WIMAX               KEY_WWAN
#define KEY_RFKILL              247     /* Key that controls all radios */
#define KEY_MICMUTE             248     /* Mute / unmute the microphone */