ifconfig调用过程

ifconfig命令是可以查看当前网络设备信息，在openwrt环境中，ifconfig源码位于busybox文件夹下

找到入口函数ifconfig_main，位于ifconfig.c文件中

int ifconfig_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM, char **argv)
{
	struct ifreq ifr;
	struct sockaddr_in sai;
#if ENABLE_FEATURE_IFCONFIG_HW
	struct sockaddr sa;
#endif
	const struct arg1opt *a1op;
	const struct options *op;
	int sockfd;			/* socket fd we use to manipulate stuff with */
	int selector;
#if ENABLE_FEATURE_IFCONFIG_BROADCAST_PLUS
	unsigned int mask;
	unsigned int did_flags;
	unsigned int sai_hostname, sai_netmask;
#else
	unsigned char mask;
	unsigned char did_flags;
#endif
	char *p;
	/*char host[128];*/
	const char *host = NULL; /* make gcc happy */

	did_flags = 0;
#if ENABLE_FEATURE_IFCONFIG_BROADCAST_PLUS
	sai_hostname = 0;
	sai_netmask = 0;
#endif

	/* skip argv[0] */
	++argv;

#if ENABLE_FEATURE_IFCONFIG_STATUS
	if (argv[0] && (argv[0][0] == '-' && argv[0][1] == 'a' && !argv[0][2])) {
		interface_opt_a = 1;
		++argv;
	}
#endif

	if (!argv[0] || !argv[1]) { /* one or no args */
#if ENABLE_FEATURE_IFCONFIG_STATUS
		return display_interfaces(argv[0] /* can be NULL */);
#else
		bb_error_msg_and_die("no support for status display");
#endif
	}

若未配置任何信息则进入下面函数

int FAST_FUNC display_interfaces(char *ifname)
{
	int status;

	status = if_print(ifname);

	return (status < 0); /* status < 0 == 1 -- error */
}

若提供端口名字则查看对应名字的设备端口信息

static int if_print(char *ifname)
{
	struct interface *ife;
	int res;

	if (!ifname) {
		/*res = for_all_interfaces(do_if_print, &interface_opt_a);*/
		if (!int_list && (if_readlist() < 0))
			return -1;
		for (ife = int_list; ife; ife = ife->next) {
			int err = do_if_print(ife); /*, &interface_opt_a);*/
			if (err)
				return err;
		}
		return 0;
	}
	ife = lookup_interface(ifname);
	res = do_if_fetch(ife);
	if (res >= 0)
		ife_print(ife);
	return res;
}

读取设备名称信息，首先从proc文件系统读取，若失败，则通过ioctl读取内核内的设备信息

static int if_readlist(void)
{
	int err = if_readlist_proc(NULL);
	/* Needed in order to get ethN:M aliases */
	if (!err)
		err = if_readconf();
	return err;
}

之后更新这些设备名称从通过ioctl从内核中读取详细信息

static int if_fetch(struct interface *ife)
{
	struct ifreq ifr;
	char *ifname = ife->name;
	int skfd;

	skfd = xsocket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);

	strncpy_IFNAMSIZ(ifr.ifr_name, ifname);
	if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr) < 0) {
		close(skfd);
		return -1;
	}
	ife->flags = ifr.ifr_flags;

	strncpy_IFNAMSIZ(ifr.ifr_name, ifname);
	memset(ife->hwaddr, 0, 32);
	if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr) >= 0)
		memcpy(ife->hwaddr, ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data, 8);

	ife->type = ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_family;

	strncpy_IFNAMSIZ(ifr.ifr_name, ifname);
	ife->metric = 0;
	if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGIFMETRIC, &ifr) >= 0)
		ife->metric = ifr.ifr_metric;

	strncpy_IFNAMSIZ(ifr.ifr_name, ifname);
	ife->mtu = 0;
	if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGIFMTU, &ifr) >= 0)
		ife->mtu = ifr.ifr_mtu;

	memset(&ife->map, 0, sizeof(struct ifmap));
#ifdef SIOCGIFMAP
	strncpy_IFNAMSIZ(ifr.ifr_name, ifname);
	if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGIFMAP, &ifr) == 0)
		ife->map = ifr.ifr_map;
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_TXQUEUELEN
	strncpy_IFNAMSIZ(ifr.ifr_name, ifname);
	ife->tx_queue_len = -1;	/* unknown value */
	if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGIFTXQLEN, &ifr) >= 0)
		ife->tx_queue_len = ifr.ifr_qlen;
#else
	ife->tx_queue_len = -1;	/* unknown value */
#endif

	strncpy_IFNAMSIZ(ifr.ifr_name, ifname);
	ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = AF_INET;
	memset(&ife->addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
	if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) == 0) {
		ife->has_ip = 1;
		ife->addr = ifr.ifr_addr;
		strncpy_IFNAMSIZ(ifr.ifr_name, ifname);
		memset(&ife->dstaddr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
		if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGIFDSTADDR, &ifr) >= 0)
			ife->dstaddr = ifr.ifr_dstaddr;

		strncpy_IFNAMSIZ(ifr.ifr_name, ifname);
		memset(&ife->broadaddr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
		if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGIFBRDADDR, &ifr) >= 0)
			ife->broadaddr = ifr.ifr_broadaddr;

		strncpy_IFNAMSIZ(ifr.ifr_name, ifname);
		memset(&ife->netmask, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
		if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGIFNETMASK, &ifr) >= 0)
			ife->netmask = ifr.ifr_netmask;
	}

	close(skfd);
	return 0;
}

用的是ioctl方法。

下面是内核部分解析，解析SIOCGIFFLAGS的的调用过程

ioctl(skfd, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr)

内核部分进入的函数是sock_ioctl，位于socket。

static long sock_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
	struct socket *sock;
	struct sock *sk;
	void __user *argp = (void __user *)arg;
	int pid, err;
	struct net *net;

	sock = file->private_data;
	sk = sock->sk;
	net = sock_net(sk);
	if (cmd >= SIOCDEVPRIVATE && cmd <= (SIOCDEVPRIVATE + 15)) {
		err = dev_ioctl(net, cmd, argp);
	} else
#ifdef CONFIG_WEXT_CORE
	if (cmd >= SIOCIWFIRST && cmd <= SIOCIWLAST) {
		err = dev_ioctl(net, cmd, argp);
	} else
#endif

进入dev_ioctl函数

int dev_ioctl(struct net *net, unsigned int cmd, void __user *arg)
{
	struct ifreq ifr;
	int ret;
	char *colon;

	/* One special case: SIOCGIFCONF takes ifconf argument
	   and requires shared lock, because it sleeps writing
	   to user space.
	 */

	if (cmd == SIOCGIFCONF) {//ifconfig
		rtnl_lock();
		ret = dev_ifconf(net, (char __user *) arg);
		rtnl_unlock();
		return ret;
	}

static int dev_ifconf(struct net *net, char __user *arg)
{
	struct ifconf ifc;
	struct net_device *dev;
	char __user *pos;
	int len;
	int total;
	int i;

	/*
	 *	Fetch the caller's info block.
	 */

	if (copy_from_user(&ifc, arg, sizeof(struct ifconf)))
		return -EFAULT;

	pos = ifc.ifc_buf;
	len = ifc.ifc_len;

	/*
	 *	Loop over the interfaces, and write an info block for each.
	 */

	total = 0;
	for_each_netdev(net, dev) {
		for (i = 0; i < NPROTO; i++) {
			if (gifconf_list[i]) {//inet_gifconf
				int done;
				if (!pos)
					done = gifconf_list[i](dev, NULL, 0);
				else
					done = gifconf_list[i](dev, pos + total,
							       len - total);
				if (done < 0)
					return -EFAULT;
				total += done;
			}
		}
	}

遍历&(net)->dev_base_head链表上的net_device