MacOS安装pip失败，提示：SyntaxError: invalid syntax

使用命令 easy_install 安装 pip

使用命令 sudo easy_install pip 安装 pip，结果失败了，执行命令的信息如下：

➜  ~ sudo easy_install pip
Password:
Searching for pip
Reading https://pypi.org/simple/pip/
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/da/f6/c83229dcc3635cdeb51874184241a9508ada15d8baa337a41093fab58011/pip-21.3.1.tar.gz#sha256=fd11ba3d0fdb4c07fbc5ecbba0b1b719809420f25038f8ee3cd913d3faa3033a
Best match: pip 21.3.1
Processing pip-21.3.1.tar.gz
Writing /tmp/easy_install-8XXfb1/pip-21.3.1/setup.cfg
Running pip-21.3.1/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-8XXfb1/pip-21.3.1/egg-dist-tmp-5cqtMF
Traceback (most recent call last):
# 省略100行  
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 44, in _execfile
    code = compile(script, filename, 'exec')
  File "/tmp/easy_install-8XXfb1/pip-21.3.1/setup.py", line 7
    def read(rel_path: str) -> str:
                     ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

解决方案

下载脚本文件 get-pip.py：

curl 'https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py' > get-pip.py

接着使用命令 python3 执行脚本文件 get-pip.py：

sudo python3 get-pip.py

就这样完成安装了。

执行命令的过程信息如下所示：

➜  ~ curl 'https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py' > get-pip.py
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 2108k  100 2108k    0     0  2571k      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 2568k
➜  ~ sudo python3 get-pip.py
Password:
WARNING: The directory '/Users/liaowenxiong/Library/Caches/pip' or its parent directory is not owned or is not writable by the current user. The cache has been disabled. Check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you should use sudo's -H flag.
DEPRECATION: Configuring installation scheme with distutils config files is deprecated and will no longer work in the near future. If you are using a Homebrew or Linuxbrew Python, please see discussion at https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/issues/76621
Collecting pip
  Downloading pip-21.3.1-py3-none-any.whl (1.7 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 1.7 MB 1.0 MB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
  Attempting uninstall: pip
    Found existing installation: pip 21.2.4
    Uninstalling pip-21.2.4:
      Successfully uninstalled pip-21.2.4
DEPRECATION: Configuring installation scheme with distutils config files is deprecated and will no longer work in the near future. If you are using a Homebrew or Linuxbrew Python, please see discussion at https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/issues/76621
Successfully installed pip-21.3.1
WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv
➜  ~ pip --version
pip 21.3.1 from /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip (python 3.9)

更简单的执行命令如下：

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3

卸载 pip

sudo pip uninstall pip