oman numerals are represented by seven different symbols: I
, V
, X
, L
, C
, D
and M
.
Symbol Value I 1 V 5 X 10 L 50 C 100 D 500 M 1000
For example, two is written as II
in Roman numeral, just two one's added together. Twelve is written as, XII
, which is simply X
+ II
. The number twenty seven is written as XXVII
, which is XX
+ V
+ II
.
Roman numerals are usually written largest to smallest from left to right. However, the numeral for four is not IIII
. Instead, the number four is written as IV
. Because the one is before the five we subtract it making four. The same principle applies to the number nine, which is written as IX
. There are six instances where subtraction is used:
I
can be placed beforeV
(5) andX
(10) to make 4 and 9.X
can be placed beforeL
(50) andC
(100) to make 40 and 90.C
can be placed beforeD
(500) andM
(1000) to make 400 and 900.
Given a roman numeral, convert it to an integer. Input is guaranteed to be within the range from 1 to 3999.
class Solution {
public int romanToInt(String s) {
char[] prefix = new char[]{'M', 'D', 'C', 'L', 'X', 'V', 'I'};
int[] number = new int[]{1000, 500, 100, 50, 10, 5, 1};
int data = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
int j = 0;
int m = 0;
while (j < prefix.length) {
char c = s.charAt(i);
if (prefix[j] == c) {
if (i < s.length() - 1) {
if (c == 'I') {
if (s.charAt(i + 1) == 'V') {
m = 4;
i++;
break;
}
if (s.charAt(i + 1) == 'X') {
m = 9;
i++;
break;
}
}
if (c == 'X') {
if (s.charAt(i + 1) == 'L') {
m = 40;
i++;
break;
}
if (s.charAt(i + 1) == 'C') {
m = 90;
i++;
break;
}
}
if (c == 'C') {
if (s.charAt(i + 1) == 'D') {
m = 400;
i++;
break;
}
if (s.charAt(i + 1) == 'M') {
m = 900;
i++;
break;
}
}
}
break;
}
j++;
}
if (m != 0) {
data += m;
} else {
data += number[j];
}
}
return data;
}
}