HttpClient 学习1

HttpClient不是一个浏览器。它是一个客户端的 HTTP 通信实现库。HttpClient 的目标是发送和接收 HTTP 报文。 HttpClient 不会去缓存内容，执行嵌入在 HTML 页面中

的 javascript 代码，猜测内容类型，重新格式化请求/重定向 URI，或者其它和 HTTP运输无关的功能。

HttpClient最重要的功能是执行HTTP方法。一个HTTP方法的执行，包含一个或多个http请求/http响应。

简单的请求过程的实例：

package ch1;

import java.io.InputStream;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

public class Test1 {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		//创建一个HttpClient;
		HttpClient hc=HttpClients.createDefault();
		//创建一个get请求
		HttpGet httpGet=new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com");
		//执行请求，返回Response
		HttpResponse httpResponse=hc.execute(httpGet);
		HttpEntity httpEntity=httpResponse.getEntity();
		//获取内容
		InputStream is=httpEntity.getContent();
		byte[] b=new byte[1024];
		int i;
		StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
		while((i=is.read(b))!=-1){
			sb.append(new String(b));
		}
		is.close();
		System.out.println(sb.toString());
	}
}

使用httpclient提供的方法创建带参数的uri:

package ch1;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIUtils;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

public class Test2 {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		//http://www.baidu.com/s?tn=baiduhome_pg&ie=utf-8&bs=httpclient+中文+pdf&f=8
		//&rsv_bp=1&wd=csdn&rsv_sug3=5&rsv_sug4=229&rsv_sug1=6&rsv_sug2=0&inputT=4
		
		HttpClient hc=HttpClients.createDefault();
		
		
		//将请求的参数存在这个集合中
		List<NameValuePair> nameValues=new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
		
		nameValues.add(new BasicNameValuePair("tn", "baiduhome_pg"));
		nameValues.add(new BasicNameValuePair("ie", "utf-8"));
		nameValues.add(new BasicNameValuePair("bs", "httpclient+中文+pdf"));
		nameValues.add(new BasicNameValuePair("f", "8"));
		nameValues.add(new BasicNameValuePair("rsv_bp", "1"));
		nameValues.add(new BasicNameValuePair("wd", "csdn"));
		nameValues.add(new BasicNameValuePair("rsv_sug3", "5"));
		nameValues.add(new BasicNameValuePair("rsv_sug4", "299"));
		nameValues.add(new BasicNameValuePair("rsv_sug1", "6"));
		nameValues.add(new BasicNameValuePair("rsv_sug2", "0"));
		nameValues.add(new BasicNameValuePair("inputT", "4"));
		
		//创建一个URI
		@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
		URI uri=URIUtils.createURI("http", "www.baidu.com", -1, "/s",URLEncodedUtils.format(nameValues, "utf-8") ,null);
		System.out.println(uri);
		HttpGet httpGet=new HttpGet(uri);
		
		HttpResponse httpResponse=hc.execute(httpGet);
		HttpEntity httpEntity=httpResponse.getEntity();
		//获取内容
		InputStream is=httpEntity.getContent();
		byte[] b=new byte[1024];
		int i;
		StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
		while((i=is.read(b))!=-1){
			sb.append(new String(b));
		}
		is.close();
		System.out.println(sb.toString());
		
	}
}

Http响应：

package ch1;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.HttpVersion;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicHttpResponse;

public class Test3 {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		//模拟创建一个HttpResponse
		HttpResponse httpRes = new BasicHttpResponse(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1,HttpStatus.SC_OK,"OK");
		
		System.out.println(httpRes.getProtocolVersion());
		System.out.println(httpRes.getStatusLine());
	}
}

获取返回信息的头数据：

//执行请求，返回Response
		HttpResponse httpResponse=hc.execute(httpGet);
		//获取状态
		System.out.println(httpResponse.getStatusLine());
		//获取头信息
		System.out.println(httpResponse.getFirstHeader("Content-Type"));
		Header[] h= httpResponse.getHeaders("Content-Type");
		for (int i = 0; i < h.length; i++) {
			System.out.println(h[i]);
		}
		//获取所有头信息
		HeaderIterator hi=httpResponse.headerIterator();
		while(hi.hasNext()){
			Header he=hi.nextHeader();
			System.out.println(he.getName()+":"+he.getValue());
		}