Spring攻略笔记-4 扫描组件

Spring提供一个强大的功能--组件扫描，这个功能能够利用特殊的典型化注解，从classpath中自动扫描，检测盒实例化你的组件。指示Spring管理组件的基本注解是@Componet。其他特殊的典型化包括@Repository持久层，@Service服务层，@Controller表现层。

比如，有个学生类，类中有个班级的属性，我们将其设置为自动注入，使用扫描组件的方式。

班级类，将其设为自动扫描，就要在类前加上@Componet注解，为了方便，设置默认班级名

package com.lkt.entity;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Clazz {
	
	private String className="一班";

	public String getClassName() {
		return className;
	}

	public void setClassName(String className) {
		this.className = className;
	}
	
	
}

学生类，将其设为自动扫描，就要在类前加上@Componet注解，将班级属性设为自动注入，使用@Autowired注解

package com.lkt.entity;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Required;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class Student {
	private String userName;
	private String password;
	private String realName;
	@Autowired
	private Clazz clazz;
	
	public Clazz getClazz() {
		return clazz;
	}
	public void setClazz(Clazz clazz) {
		this.clazz = clazz;
	}
	public Student() {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public Student(String userName,String password,String realName) {
		this.userName=userName;
		this.password=password;
		this.realName=realName;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		
		return "userName:"+userName+"  password:"+password+"  realName:"+realName;
	}
	
	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}
	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public String getRealName() {
		return realName;
	}
	public void setRealName(String realName) {
		this.realName = realName;
	}
}

最后需要在Spring的注册文件中添加<context:componet-scan base-package=''>设置Spring要自动扫描的包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
	xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
						">
	<!-- 添加注解功能 -->
	<context:annotation-config/>
	<!-- 添加自动扫描 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.lkt.entity"></context:component-scan>
	 
</beans>

我们想要获取学生类，将类名的首字母小写，然后使用getBean();的方法来获取

Student student=(Student)ac.getBean("student");

同时也可以修改检测的组件名，如@Componet("studentBean")，这样在获取的时候就可以使用studentBean来获取