Android Service组件

Activity用于显示东西和用户交互，那么Sercive就是不显示东西，运行在后台的组件了。

创建Service类：

首先继承Service类，实现它的方法，onBind()必须实现，另外还有一些它生命周期会调用的函数，onCreate(),onStart(),onDestroy(),onUnbind()，比起Activity少呢，另外还要在AndroidManifest.xml中声明它。

public class MyService extends Service
{
	
	@Override
	public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0)
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Log.e("MyService", "onBind----------");
		Toast toast=Toast.makeText(MyService.this, "onBind------", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
		toast.show();
		return myBinder;
	}

	@Override
	public void onCreate()
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Log.e("MyService", "onCreate----------");
		Toast toast=Toast.makeText(MyService.this, "onCreate------", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
		toast.show();
		super.onCreate();
		
	}

	@Override
	public void onDestroy()
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Log.e("MyService", "onDestroy----------");
		Toast toast=Toast.makeText(MyService.this, "onDestroy------", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
		toast.show();
		super.onDestroy();
	}

	@Override
	@Deprecated
	public void onStart(Intent intent, int startId)
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Log.e("MyService", "onStart----------");
		Toast toast=Toast.makeText(MyService.this, "onStart------", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
		toast.show();
		super.onStart(intent, startId);
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent)
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Log.e("MyService", "onUnbind----------");
		Toast toast=Toast.makeText(MyService.this, "onUnbind------", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
		toast.show();
		return super.onUnbind(intent);
	}

}

</pre><pre name="code" class="html"><service 
            android:name=".MyService">
            <intent-filter >
                <action android:name="Hello"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </service>

启动Service：

（1）利用startService(Intent)和stopService(Intent)

利用这种方式启动Service的生命周期是onCreate()---->onStart()----->onDestroy()，而且生命周期不会随Activity结束而消亡。

Intent intent=new Intent();
intent.setAction("Hello");
MainActivity.this.startService(intent);

Intent intent=new Intent();
intent.setAction("Hello");
MainActivity.this.stopService(intent);

（2）利用bindService(Intent,ServiceConnection,Service.Bind_AUTO_CREATE)和unbindService(ServiceConnection)

利用这种方式启动Service的生命周期是onCreate()----->onBind()------>onUnbind()-------->onDestroy(),生命周期和Activity绑定在一起共存亡，绑定的好处在于Activity能够访问到Service的数据

ServiceConnection类：

它里面有public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName arg0, IBinder arg1)；和public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0)；

这2个函数分别在成功绑定是回调，因异常Activity关闭回调

bindService(intent,ServiceConnection,Service,BInd_AUTO_CREATE)这种启动Service方式onCreate()---->onBind()这个函数会返回IBinder对象作为参数传给onServiceConnected()函数，然后可以保存这个由Service传过来的参数，用于数据交换。

在Service类中创建一个BInder对象：

private int count=0;
	private boolean flag=false;
	class MyBinder extends Binder
	{
		public int getCount()
		{
			return count;
		}
	}

Service类的onBind()，返回了这个Binder对象，这个对象的方法可以获得Service类的count成员的值。

public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0)
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Log.e("MyService", "onBind----------");
		Toast toast=Toast.makeText(MyService.this, "onBind------", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
		toast.show();
		return myBinder;
	}

onBInd()函数完成之后，回调onServiceConnected(ComponentName arg0, IBinder arg1);那么首先在Activity那里实现ServiceConnection对象先：

ServiceConnection cn=new ServiceConnection()
	{
		
		@Override
		public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0)
		{
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			Log.e("ServiceConnection", "断开连接");
			Toast toast=Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "onServiceDisconnection----", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
			toast.show();
		}
		
		@Override
		public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName arg0, IBinder arg1)
		{
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			Log.e("ServiceConnection", "连接成功");
			Toast toast=Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "onServiceConnection----", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
			toast.show();
			binder=(MyService.MyBinder)arg1;
		}
	};

最后才慢慢启动Service：

Intent intent=new Intent();
intent.setAction("Hello");
MainActivity.this.bindService(intent, cn, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

Intent intent=new Intent();
intent.setAction("Hello");
MainActivity.this.unbindService(cn);