灰色预测改data后面的参数即可预测

import numpy as np
import math

def predict(data):
a_x0 = np.ediff1d(data).T
B = np.array([-data[1:], np.ones([len(data) - 1])]).T
Y = a_x0
u = np.dot(np.dot(np.linalg.inv(np.dot(B.T, B)), B.T), Y)
a, b = u[0], u[1]
return [(b / (a * a) - data[0] / a) * math.exp(-a * i) + b / a * i + (1 + a) / a * data[0] - b / (a * a)
for i in range(len(data)+100)]

import pandas as pd
if name == ‘main’:
data = np.array([2.874, 3.278, 3.39, 3.679, 3.77, 3.8])

data = pd.read_excel('2022_HiMCM_Data.xlsx')
ts = data.loc[:, :].to_numpy()
data = ts[...,1]
predict_data = predict(data)  # 预测x1
print(predict_data)

predict_data = predict(data)
result = np.ediff1d(predict_data)  # 递减
print('原数据:', data[1:])
print('预测结果:', result)
# # print('相对误差:', (np.array(result[:len(data)]) - np.array(data[1:len(data)])) / np.array(data[1:len(data)]))
# from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
#
# plt.figure()
# plt.title("carbon dioxide")
# plt.xlabel("Year")
# plt.ylabel("PPM")
#
# plt.plot(ts[..., 0], data, "g",label='True value')
# plt.plot(ts[1:, 0], result, "r",label='predicted data')
# plt.legend()
# plt.show()