多线程--pthread_join函数详解

From

http://xsh8637.blog.163.com/blog/static/24099666200910942025662/?fromdm&fromSearch&isFromSearchEngine=yes

 

单处理器上的linux多线程，是通过分时操作完成的；

此时互斥锁的作用，只有在时间足够的情况下才能体现出来，即有时线程内需要延时；

否则只有第一个线程不断解锁和获锁，别的线程在第一个线程执行完前无法获得互斥锁。

函数pthread_join用来等待一个线程的结束。函数原型为：

　　extern int pthread_join __P ((pthread_t __th, void **__thread_return));

　　第一个参数为被等待的线程标识符，第二个参数为一个用户定义的指针，它可以用来存储被等待线程的返回值。这个函数是一个线程阻塞的函数，调用它的函数将一直等待到被等待的线程结束为止，当函数返回时，被等待线程的资源被收回。一个线程的结束有两种途径，一种是象我们上面的例子一样，函数结束了，调用它的线程也就结束了；另一种方式是通过函数pthread_exit来实现。它的函数原型为：

　　extern void pthread_exit __P ((void *__retval)) __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));

　　唯一的参数是函数的返回代码，只要pthread_join中的第二个参数thread_return不是NULL，这个值将被传递给 thread_return。最后要说明的是，一个线程不能被多个线程等待，否则第一个接收到信号的线程成功返回，其余调用pthread_join的线程则返回错误代码ESRCH。

　　在这一节里，我们编写了一个最简单的线程，并掌握了最常用的三个函数pthread_create，pthread_join和pthread_exit。下面，我们来了解线程的一些常用属性以及如何设置这些属性。

///

源程序：

/*thread_example.c :  c multiple thread programming in linux

   */

#include

#include

#include

#include

#define MAX1 10

#define MAX2 30

pthread_t thread[2];

pthread_mutex_t mut;

int number=0, i;

void *thread1()

{

        printf ("thread1 : I'm thread 1/n");

        for (i = 0; i < MAX1; i++)

        {

                printf("thread1 : number = %d  i=%d/n",number,i);

                pthread_mutex_lock(&mut);

                        number++;

                pthread_mutex_unlock(&mut);

                sleep(2);

        }

        printf("thread1 :Is main function waiting for me acomplishing task? /n");

        pthread_exit(NULL);

}

void *thread2()

{

        printf("thread2 : I'm thread 2/n");

        for (i = 0; i < MAX2; i++)

        {

                printf("thread2 : number = %d  i=%d/n",number,i);

                pthread_mutex_lock(&mut);

                        number++;

                pthread_mutex_unlock(&mut);

                sleep(3);

        }

        printf("thread2 :Is main function waiting for me  to acomplish task ?/n");

        pthread_exit(NULL);

}

void thread_create(void)

{

        int temp;

        memset(&thread, 0, sizeof(thread));          //comment1

        /*创建线程*/

        if((temp = pthread_create(&thread[0], NULL, thread1, NULL)) != 0)       //comment2

                printf("线程1创建失败!/n");

        else

                printf("Thread 1 is established/n");

        if((temp = pthread_create(&thread[1], NULL, thread2, NULL)) != 0)  //comment3

                printf("线程2创建失败");

        else

                printf("Thread 2 is established/n");

}

void thread_wait(void)

{

        /*等待线程结束*/

        if(thread[0] !=0) {                   //comment4

                pthread_join(thread[0],NULL);

                printf("Thread 1 is over /n");

        }

        if(thread[1] !=0) {                //comment5

                pthread_join(thread[1],NULL);

                printf("Thread 2 is over/n");

        }

}

int main()

{

        /*用默认属性初始化互斥锁*/

        pthread_mutex_init(&mut,NULL);

        printf("I am the main funtion,and I am establishing threads. Ha-ha/n");

        thread_create();

        printf("I am the main funtion,and I am waiting for thread to accomplish task. Ha-ha/n");

        thread_wait();

        return 0;

}

///

执行情况1(linux终端)：[root@localhost root]# gcc -o joint joint.c -lpthread

[root@localhost root]# ./joint

I am the main funtion,and I am establishing threads. Ha-ha

thread1 : I'm thread 1

thread1 : number = 0  i=0

Thread 1 is established

thread2 : I'm thread 2

thread2 : number = 1  i=0

Thread 2 is established

I am the main funtion,and I am waiting for thread to accomplish task. Ha-ha

thread1 : number = 2  i=1

thread2 : number = 3  i=2

thread1 : number = 4  i=3

thread2 : number = 5  i=4

thread1 : number = 6  i=5

thread1 : number = 7  i=6

thread2 : number = 8  i=7

thread1 : number = 9  i=8

thread2 : number = 10  i=9

thread1 :Is main function waiting for me acomplishing task?

Thread 1 is over

thread2 : number = 11  i=11

thread2 : number = 12  i=12

thread2 : number = 13  i=13

thread2 : number = 14  i=14

thread2 : number = 15  i=15

thread2 : number = 16  i=16

thread2 : number = 17  i=17

thread2 : number = 18  i=18

thread2 : number = 19  i=19

thread2 : number = 20  i=20

thread2 : number = 21  i=21

thread2 : number = 22  i=22

thread2 : number = 23  i=23

thread2 : number = 24  i=24

thread2 : number = 25  i=25

thread2 : number = 26  i=26

thread2 : number = 27  i=27

thread2 : number = 28  i=28

thread2 : number = 29  i=29

thread2 :Is main function waiting for me  to acomplish task ?

Thread 2 is over