c 风格字符串和string

这篇帖子主要是收集我自己关于c-style string 和string类的迷惑的地方

1、c-style字符串和string占内存多少的问题

int main()
{
	char a[] = "lipeng is hansome"; //17 characters;
	char e[19] = "lipeng is hansome"; //17 characters;
	char* b = "yes he is briliant";
	string c = "lipeng is hansome";
	string d = "yes he is briliant";//18 charactors;
	cout << "a" << sizeof(a)<<endl;
	cout << "b" << sizeof(b) << endl;
	cout << "c: sizeof(c)= " << sizeof(c) <<"  c length="<<c.size() <<endl;
	cout << "d: sizeof(d)= " << sizeof(d) << " d length=" << d.size() << endl;
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

输出如下：

对于指针b求sizeof，得到4，对于字符数组a求sizeof，得到18.

对于string c 和d，求sizeof得到 28

不懂为什么capacity是31，sizeof求得28.

再有就是对于制定容量的数组

char e[19] = "lipeng is hansome"; //17 characters;

//当修改为

 char e[17] =  "lipeng is hansome"; //17 characters;
会得到下面的编译错误信息：
1>e:\visualstudiocode\aboutstring\aboutstring\源.cpp(8): error C2117: “e”: 数组界限溢出