设计模式《四》——建造者模式

简介

建造者模式（Builder Pattern）使用多个简单的对象一步一步构建成一个复杂的对象

 

角色与职责

Director：使用Builder接口的对象。

Builder：为创建产品的各个部分，统一抽象接口。

ConcreteBuiler：具体创建产品的各个部分，如A部分和B部分。定义了创建产品的过程和其他。

Product：表示被构造的复杂对象。

 

 

工程队需要抽象，因为工程队需要适应随时替换。设计师指挥不同的工程队生成不同的产品。

 

使用场景

一个对象的构建比较复杂，将一个对象的构建和对象的表示进行分离。

 

实现：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class House {
public:
    void setWall(string wall) {
        m_wall = wall;
    }
    void setDoor(string door) {
        m_door = door;
    }
    void setWindow(string window) {
        m_window = window;
    }
    string getWall() {
        cout << m_wall << endl;
        return m_wall;
    }
    string getDoor() {
        cout << m_door << endl;
        return m_door;
    }
    string getWindow() {
        cout << m_window << endl;
        return m_window;
    }
private:
    string m_wall;
    string m_door;
    string m_window;
};
class Builder {
public:
    virtual void buildWall() = 0;
    virtual void buildDoor() = 0;
    virtual void buildWindow() = 0;
    virtual House* getHouse() = 0;
};
class FlatBuilder : public Builder {
public:
    FlatBuilder() : house(new House) {}
    virtual void buildWall() {
        cout << "build flate wall" << endl;
        house->setWall("build flate wall");
    }
    virtual void buildDoor() {
        cout << "build flate door" << endl;
        house->setDoor("build flate door");
    }
    virtual void buildWindow() {
        cout << "build flate window" << endl;
        house->setWindow("build flate window");
    }
    virtual House* getHouse() {
        return house;
    }
private:
    House* house;
};
class VillaBuilder : public Builder {
public:
    VillaBuilder() : house(new House) {}
    virtual void buildWall() {
        cout << "build villa wall" << endl;
        house->setWall("build villa wall");
    }
    virtual void buildDoor() {
        cout << "build villa door" << endl;
        house->setDoor("build villa door");
    }
    virtual void buildWindow() {
        cout << "build villa window" << endl;
        house->setWindow("build villa window");
    }
    virtual House* getHouse() {
        return house;
    }
private:
    House* house;
};

class Director {
public:
    Director(Builder* build) : m_build(build) {}
    void construct() {
        m_build->buildWall();
        m_build->buildDoor();
        m_build->buildWindow();
    }
private:
    Builder* m_build;
};
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    House* house = NULL;
    Builder* builder = NULL;
    Director* director = NULL;
    
    builder = new FlatBuilder;          // 请一个造公寓的工程队
    director = new Director(builder);   // 请一个指挥员指挥建公寓。
    director->construct();              // 指挥建公寓；
    house = builder->getHouse();        // 从工程队里拿公寓。
    delete house;
    delete builder;
    delete director;
    builder = new VillaBuilder;         // 请一个造别墅的工程队
    director = new Director(builder);   // 请一个指挥员指挥建别墅。
    director->construct();              // 指挥建别墅；
    house = builder->getHouse();        // 从工程队里拿别墅。
    if (house!=NULL) { delete house; house = NULL; }
    if (builder != NULL) { delete builder; builder = NULL; }
    if (director != NULL) { delete director; director = NULL; }
    cin.get();
    return 0;
}