设计模式《二十一》——状态模式

简介

当对象的内部状态改变时，同时改变其行为，对象看起来好像修改了它的类。其好处是可以通过改变状态来获得不同的行为。实现时需要将各种具体的状态类抽象出来。

 

 

角色与职责

State：实现类接口

ConcreteState：具体实现类

Context：实现切换。

实现

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Worker;
class State {
public:
    virtual void doSomeThing(Worker* w) = 0;
};
class Worker {
public:
    Worker();
    int getHour() {
        return m_hour;
    }
    void setHour(int hour) {
        m_hour = hour;
    }
    State* getCurrentState() {
        return m_currstate;
    }
    void setCurrentState(State* state) {
        m_currstate = state;
    }
    void doSomeThing() {
        m_currstate->doSomeThing(this);
    }
private:
    int m_hour;
    State* m_currstate;     // 对象的当前状态
};
class State1 : public State {
public:
    void doSomeThing(Worker* w);
};
class State2 : public State {
public:
    void doSomeThing(Worker* w);
};
void State1::doSomeThing(Worker* w) {
    if (w->getHour() == 7 || w->getHour() == 8) {
        cout << "7-8点：吃早餐" << endl;
    }
    else { // 切换状态
        delete w->getCurrentState();
        w->setCurrentState(new State2);
        w->getCurrentState()->doSomeThing(w);
    }   
}
void State2::doSomeThing(Worker* w) {
    if (w->getHour() == 9 || w->getHour() == 10) {
        cout << "9-10点：工作" << endl;
    }
    else {
        delete w->getCurrentState();
        w->setCurrentState(new State1);
        w->getCurrentState()->doSomeThing(w);
        cout << "当前时间：" << w->getHour() << " 未知状态" << endl;
    }
}
Worker::Worker() {
    m_currstate = new State1;
}
int main() {
    Worker* worker = new Worker;
    worker->setHour(7);
    worker->doSomeThing();
    worker->setHour(9);
    worker->doSomeThing();
    delete worker;
    cin.get();
    return 0;
}