UML的通用机制(二)



Adornments

Most elements in the UML have a unique and direct graphical notation that provides a visual representation of the most important aspects of the element. For example, the notation for a class is intentionally designed to be easy to draw, because classes are the most common element found in modeling object-oriented systems. The class notation also exposes the most important aspects of a class, namely its name, attributes, and operations.

A class’s specification may include other details, such as whether it is abstract or the visibility of its attributes and operations, many of these details can be rendered as graphical or textual adornments to the class’s basic rectangular notation. For example, there is a class, adorned to indicate that it is an abstract class with two public, one protected, and one private operation.

Every element in the UML’s notation starts with a basic symbol, to which can be added a variety of adornments specific to that symbol.

 

修饰

UML中大多数的元素都有一个唯一的和直接的图形符号，用来给元素的最重要的方面提供一个可视的表达方式．例如，类的图示是有意地设计为易描绘的图形，因为类是构建面向对象系统的最普通的元素．类符号也揭示出类的最重要的方面，即它的名称，属性和操作．

类的规格说明可能包含其它细节，诸如它是不是抽象类，它的属性和操作的可见性，这些细节中的大多数都可以通过图示或文本修饰在类的基本矩形框符号中表达．例如，这里有一个类，通过修饰符标示出它是一个抽象类，拥有两个公有性的操作，一个保护性的操作和一个私有性的操作．

在UML中的每个元素符号都以一个基本的符号开始，在其上添加一些具有独特性的修饰．