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本文用MATLAB编程，写出MD5算法的代码。
本文MD5算法输入有两种方式，一种是字符串输入，即 hash = MD5(‘字符串’)。一种是16进制数的输入，即 hash = MD5(0x1234)。这两种方式的代码绝大部分重叠，只有一个函数不同。
测试的MD5实例：
- 实例：
输入为M = ‘a’ ，输出为：0cc175b9c0f1b6a831c399e269772661 - 我的测试结果(以字符串为输入）：
MD5(M) = ‘0CC175B9C0F1B6A831C399E269772661’
测试的碰撞对：
- 实例:
M1 =
0x4dc968ff0ee35c209572d4777b721587d36fa7b21bdc56b74a3dc0783e7b9518afbfa200a8284bf36e8e4b55b35f427593d849676da0d1555d8360fb5f07fea2
M2 =
0x4dc968ff0ee35c209572d4777b721587d36fa7b21bdc56b74a3dc0783e7b9518afbfa202a8284bf36e8e4b55b35f427593d849676da0d1d55d8360fb5f07fea2
M1、M2输出为：008ee33a9d58b51cfeb425b0959121c9 - 我的测试结果（以十六进制为输入）：
将M1、M2转成以下形式：
M2 = [0x4dc968ff,0x0ee35c20,0x9572d477,0x7b721587,0xd36fa7b2,0x1bdc56b7,0x4a3dc078,0x3e7b9518,0xafbfa202,0xa8284bf3,0x6e8e4b55,0xb35f4275,0x93d84967,0x6da0d1d5,0x5d8360fb,0x5f07fea2];%M1同理
MD5(M1) = MD5(M2) = ‘008EE33A9D58B51CFEB425B0959121C9’
代码和相关注释如下：
%调用函数
Mpre = 'a'; %以字符串为输入
MD5(Mpre);
%Mpre = [0x4dc968ff,0x0ee35c20,0x9572d477,0x7b721587,0xd36fa7b2,0x1bdc56b7,0x4a3dc078,0x3e7b9518,0xafbfa202,0xa8284bf3,0x6e8e4b55,0xb35f4275,0x93d84967,0x6da0d1d5,0x5d8360fb,0x5f07fea2]; %以十六进制为输入
%MD5(Mpre);
%MD5函数
function MD5(Mpre)
A = 0x67452301; %初始化ABCD
B = 0xefcdab89;
C = 0x98badcfe;
D = 0x10325476;
T = [0xD76AA478,0xE8C7B756,0x242070DB,0xC1BDCEEE,0xF57C0FAF,0x4787C62A,0xA8304613,0xFD469501,0x698098D8,0x8B44F7AF,0xFFFF5BB1,0x895CD7BE,0x6B901122,0xFD987193,0xA679438E,0x49B40821,0xF61E2562,0xC040B340,0x265E5A51,0xE9B6C7AA,0xD62F105D,0x02441453,0xD8A1E681,0xE7D3FBC8,0x21E1CDE6,0xC33707D6,0xF4D50D87,0x455A14ED,0xA9E3E905,0xFCEFA3F8,0x676F02D9,0x8D2A4C8A,0xFFFA3942,0x8771F681,0x6D9D6122,0xFDE5380C,0xA4BEEA44,0x4BDECFA9,0xF6BB4B60,0xBEBFBC70,0x289B7EC6,0xEAA127FA,0xD4EF3085,0x04881D05,0xD9D4D039,0xE6DB99E5,0x1FA27CF8,0xC4AC5665,0xF4292244,0x432AFF97,0xAB9423A7,0xFC93A039,0x655B59C3,0x8F0CCC92,0xFFEFF47D,0x85845DD1,0x6FA87E4F,0xFE2CE6E0,0xA3014314,0x4E0811A1,0xF7537E82,0xBD3AF235,0x2AD7D2BB,0xEB86D391];
S = [7,12,17,22,7,12,17,22,7,12,17,22,7,12,17,22,5,9,14,20,5,9,14,20,5,9,14,20,5,9,14,20,4,11,16,23,4,11,16,23,4,11,16,23,4,11,16,23,6,10,15,21,6,10,15,21,6,10,15,21,6,10,15,21];
INDEX =[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,1,6,11,0,5,10,15,4,9,14,3,8,13,2,7,12,5,8,11,14,1,4,7,10,13,0,3,6,9,12,15,2,0,7,14,5,12,3,10,1,8,15,6,13,4,11,2,9];
[M,Mlength] = fill(Mpre);%填充Mpre
res1 = size(M,2);
[A,B,C,D] = iteration(M,Mlength,A,B,C,D,INDEX,T,S);%进行迭代
end
%%
function res = move(M,S)
%将M循环左移S位，M是数值
M = dec2bin(M,32);%将M转成char串
len = size(M,2);
M = [M(S+1:len),M(1:S)];
res = bin2dec(M);%将M转换成数值
end
function res = fillZero(M)
%给串前补0。例如110，补成0110
len = size(M,2); %M的长度
while mod(len,4)~=0 %如果M不是4位的整数倍，则补n个0使其满足条件
M = ['0',M];
len = len+1;
end
res = M;
end
function res = fillEightZero(M)
%给串前补0。例如110，补成00000110
len = size(M,2); %M的长度
while mod(len,8)~=0 %如果M不是8位的整数倍，则补n个0使其满足条件
M = ['0',M];
len = len+1;
end
res = M;
end
%以字符串为输入时，运用这个函数
function res = getM(M)
% 例如输入'jk'，如果只是dec2bin('jk') ,结果为2*7的矩阵。
% 利用这个函数将其转化成1*16（每一行的7位补齐为8位）的数组
M = dec2bin(M);
sizeHeng = size(M,1); %矩阵的横维度 （2）
sizeZong = size(M,2); %矩阵的竖维度 （7）
S = ''; %用于记录每一行的值
for j = 1:sizeZong %初始化S为第一行的值
S1 = M(1,j);
S = [S,S1];
end
res = S;
res = fillZero(res); %每一行的值补齐。（例如本例补齐8位）
for i = 2:sizeHeng %依次将后面几行的值添加到第一行值的后面
S = '0';
for j = 1:sizeZong
S1 = M(i,j);
S = [S,S1];
end
S = fillZero(S); %每一行补齐后再添加
res = [res,S];
end
end
%以十六进制为输入时，运用这个函数
% function res = getM(M)
% M1 = dec2bin(M);
% sizeHeng = size(M1,1); %矩阵的横维度 （2）
% sizeZong = size(M1,2);%矩阵的竖维度 （7）
% S = '';
% for i = 1:sizeHeng
% mid = dec2bin(M(i),32);
% S = [S,mid];
% end
% res = S;
% end
function [res,length] = fill(M)
% 填充M
M = getM(M); %将M转化成1*n的矩阵。
len = size(M,2); %M的长度
oriLen = len; %M消息的原始长度
mo = mod(len,512);
if mo~=448 %当M对512求余不等于448时，填充至满足
M = [M,'1'];
len = len+1;
while mod(len,512)~=448
M = [M,'0'];
len = len+1;
end
else %当M对512求余等于448，填充512位
M = [M,'1'];
i = 2;
while i<=512
M = [M,'0'];
i = i+1;
end
len = len+512;
end
res = fillLength(M,oriLen); %填充原始信息长度
length = len+64; %填充后信息长度
return;
end
function res = fillLength(M,oriLen)
%填充64位
%M是进行第一步填充后，未进行长度填充的结果
LenValue = oriLen;
oriLen = dec2bin(oriLen);
oriLen = fillEightZero(oriLen);%将oriLen转换为二进制
sizeLen = size(oriLen,2); %oriLen的长度
if LenValue>2^64 %原始长度大于2^64
oriLen = oriLen(1:64); %只取前64位
oriLen = reserve(oriLen,size(oriLen,2));
res = [M,oriLen];
return;
end
%原始长度小于2^64，后面补充0
oriLen = reserve(oriLen,size(oriLen,2));
oriLen = dec2bin(oriLen,sizeLen);
oriLen = fillZero(oriLen);
res = [M,oriLen];
for i = 1:(64-sizeLen)
res = [res,'0'];
end
end
function res = todec(M)
%将M（字符串）转化成数值。M长度太长，不能使用bin2dec（）函数。
len = size(M,2);
length = len/4;%M四位是十六进制的一位
sum = 0;
for i=0:length-1
y = M(4*i+1:4*i+4);
b = bin2dec(y(1))*8+bin2dec(y(2))*4+bin2dec(y(3))*2+bin2dec(y(4))*1;
sum = sum+b*16^(length-i-1);
end
res = sum;
end
function res = getX(M,i,j,INDEX)
%M是二进制的char类型
index = INDEX(i);%取每一步所运算的16位小段
left = 512*j+32*index+1; %每一段开头索引
right = 512*j+32*index+32; %每一段结束索引
X = M(left:right); %取小段
res = reserve(X,32);
end
function res = reserve(M,n)
%将'3412='转换成'1234'
X = '';
i = n/8;%'34'是8个二进制位
while i>=1
X1 = M((i-1)*8+1:i*8);
X = [X,X1];
i = i-1;
end
res = todec(X); %将小段转换成数值
end
function res = getFourByte(M)
%省去超过32位的溢出位。因为加法会产生溢出
%011110000111100001111000011110000(33位），转成11110000111100001111000011110000（32位）
M = dec2bin(M,32);
res = '';
length = size(M,2);
for i=length-31:length
res = [res,M(i)];
end
res = res;
res = bin2dec(res);
end
function [A,B,C,D] = step(M,A,B,C,D,j,i,INDEX,T,S)
%j的索引值从0开始，i的索引值从1开始
A = dec2bin(A,32);%由于ABCD是uint32类型的数据，将其转换成double类型
A = bin2dec(A);
B = dec2bin(B,32);
B = bin2dec(B);
C = dec2bin(C,32);
C = bin2dec(C);
D = dec2bin(D,32);
D = bin2dec(D);
f = F(B,C,D,i);%由于f是uint32类型的数据，将其转换成double类型
f = dec2bin(f,32);
f = bin2dec(f);
A = A+f;
resA = dec2bin(A,32);
A = getFourByte(A);
resA = dec2bin(A,32);
k = getX(M,i,j,INDEX);
resK = dec2bin(k,32);
A = A+k;
A = getFourByte(A);
resA = dec2bin(A,32);
res = dec2bin(T(i),32);
Ti = bin2dec(res);
% res = dec2bin(T(i))
A = A + Ti;
res = dec2bin(A,32);
A = getFourByte(A);
res = dec2bin(A,32);
A = move(A,S(i));
res = S(i);
res = dec2bin(A);
res = dec2bin(B,32);
A = A + B;
res = dec2bin(A);
A = getFourByte(A);
res = dec2bin(A);
res = A;
A = D;
D = C;
C = B;
B = res;
end
function res = F(B,C,D,i)
switch(i)
case {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16}
%定义四个原始函数 F(B,C,D)=((B & C) | (~B & D))
andRes1 = bitand(B,C);
qufanRes = bitxor(B,0xFFFFFFFF);
andRes2 = bitand(qufanRes,D);
res = bitor(andRes1,andRes2);
case {17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32}
%定义四个原始函数 G(B,C,D)=((B & D) | (C & ~D))
andRes1 = bitand(B,D);
qufanRes = bitxor(D,0xFFFFFFFF);
andRes2 = bitand(qufanRes,C);
res = bitor(andRes1,andRes2);
case {33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48}
%定义四个原始函数 H(B,C,D)=(B^C^D)
res1 = bitxor(B,C);
res = bitxor(res1,D);
case {49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64}
%定义四个原始函数 I(B,C,D)=(C ^ (B | ~D))
qufanRes = bitxor(D,0xFFFFFFFF);
orRes = bitor(B,qufanRes);
res = bitxor(C,orRes);
end
end
function [A,B,C,D] = iteration(M,Mlength,a,b,c,d,INDEX,T,S)
A = a;
B = b;
C = c;
D = d;
a = dec2bin(a);%由于abcd是uint32类型的数据，将其转换成double类型
a = bin2dec(a);
b = dec2bin(b);
b = bin2dec(b);
c = dec2bin(c);
c = bin2dec(c);
d = dec2bin(d);
d = bin2dec(d);
iteNum = Mlength/512; %迭代次数
for j = 0:iteNum-1
for i = 1:64
[A,B,C,D] = step(M,A,B,C,D,j,i,INDEX,T,S);
end
A = A+a;%每一个512分组处理后产生的ABCD，要分别加上原始的abcd
A = getFourByte(A);
B = B+b;
B = getFourByte(B);
C = C+c;
C = getFourByte(C);
D = D+d;
D = getFourByte(D);
a = A;
b = B;
c = C;
d = D;
end
A = reserve(dec2bin(A,32),32);
B = reserve(dec2bin(B,32),32);
C = reserve(dec2bin(C,32),32);
D = reserve(dec2bin(D,32),32);
resA = dec2hex(A,8);
resB = dec2hex(B,8);
resC = dec2hex(C,8);
resD = dec2hex(D,8);
hash = [resA,resB,resC,resD]
end
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