arm堆栈的组织结构是 满栈降的形式,满栈即sp是要停留在最后一个进栈元素,降:就是堆栈的增长方向是从高地址向低地址发展。
arm对于堆栈的操作一般采用 LDMFD(pop)和STMFD (push) 两个命令。
指令STMFD和LDMFD分析:
根据ATPCS规则,我们一般使用FD(Full Descending)类型的数据栈!所以经常使用的指令就有STMFD和LDMFD,
通过ARM对于栈操作和批量Load/Store指令寻址方式,可以知道指令STMFD和LDMFD的地址计算方法:
STMFD指令的寻址方式为事前递减方式(DB)
而DB寻址方式实际内存地址为:
start_address = Rn - (Number_Of_Set_Bits_In(register_list)*4)
end_address = Rn - 4
STM指令操作的伪代码:
if ConditionPassed(cond) then
address = start_address
for i = 0 to 15
if register_list[i] == 1
Memory[address] = Ri
address = address + 4
有上面两个伪代码可以得出 STMFD SP!,{R0-R7,LR} 的伪代码如下:
SP = SP - 9×4;
address = SP;
for i = 0 to 7
Memory[address] = Ri;
address = address + 4;
Memory[address] = LR;
LDMFD指令的寻址方式为事后递增方式(IA)
IA内存的实际地址的伪代码
start_address = Rn
end_address = Rn + (Number_of_set_bits_in(register_list)*4) - 4
LDM指令操作的伪代码(未考虑PC寄存器):
if ConditionPassed(cond) then
address = start_address
for i = 0 to 15
if register_list[i] == 1
Ri = Memory[address,4]
address = address + 4
所以LDMFD SP!,{R0-R7,PC}^ (;恢复现场,异常处理返回)伪代码是:
address = SP;
for i = 0 to 7
Ri = Memory[address ,4]
address = address + 4;
SP = address;
源文档 <http://blog.csdn.net/zoudaokou2006/article/details/5443229>