5.1. Easy to use facade API
HttpClient从4.2开始支持快速api。快速api仅仅实现了HttpClient的基本功能,它只要用于一些不需要灵活性的简单场景。例如,快速api不需要用户处理连接管理和资源释放。
下面是几个使用快速api的例子:
- // Execute a GET with timeout settings and return response content as String.
- Request.Get("http://somehost/")
- .connectTimeout(1000)
- .socketTimeout(1000)
- .execute().returnContent().asString();
- // Execute a POST with the 'expect-continue' handshake, using HTTP/1.1,
- // containing a request body as String and return response content as byte array.
- Request.Post("http://somehost/do-stuff")
- .useExpectContinue()
- .version(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1)
- .bodyString("Important stuff", ContentType.DEFAULT_TEXT)
- .execute().returnContent().asBytes();
- // Execute a POST with a custom header through the proxy containing a request body
- // as an HTML form and save the result to the file
- Request.Post("http://somehost/some-form")
- .addHeader("X-Custom-header", "stuff")
- .viaProxy(new HttpHost("myproxy", 8080))
- .bodyForm(Form.form().add("username", "vip").add("password", "secret").build())
- .execute().saveContent(new File("result.dump"));
如果需要在指定的安全上下文中执行某些请求,我们也可以直接使用Exector,这时候用户的认证信息就会被缓存起来,以便后续的请求使用。
- Executor executor = Executor.newInstance()
- .auth(new HttpHost("somehost"), "username", "password")
- .auth(new HttpHost("myproxy", 8080), "username", "password")
- .authPreemptive(new HttpHost("myproxy", 8080));
- executor.execute(Request.Get("http://somehost/"))
- .returnContent().asString();
- executor.execute(Request.Post("http://somehost/do-stuff")
- .useExpectContinue()
- .bodyString("Important stuff", ContentType.DEFAULT_TEXT))
- .returnContent().asString();
5.1.1. 响应处理
一般情况下,HttpClient的快速api不用用户处理连接管理和资源释放。但是,这样的话,就必须在内存中缓存这些响应消息。为了避免这一情况,建议使用使用ResponseHandler来处理Http响应。
- Document result = Request.Get("http://somehost/content")
- .execute().handleResponse(new ResponseHandler<Document>() {
- public Document handleResponse(final HttpResponse response) throws IOException {
- StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
- HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
- if (statusLine.getStatusCode() >= 300) {
- throw new HttpResponseException(
- statusLine.getStatusCode(),
- statusLine.getReasonPhrase());
- }
- if (entity == null) {
- throw new ClientProtocolException("Response contains no content");
- }
- DocumentBuilderFactory dbfac = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
- try {
- DocumentBuilder docBuilder = dbfac.newDocumentBuilder();
- ContentType contentType = ContentType.getOrDefault(entity);
- if (!contentType.equals(ContentType.APPLICATION_XML)) {
- throw new ClientProtocolException("Unexpected content type:" +
- contentType);
- }
- String charset = contentType.getCharset();
- if (charset == null) {
- charset = HTTP.DEFAULT_CONTENT_CHARSET;
- }
- return docBuilder.parse(entity.getContent(), charset);
- } catch (ParserConfigurationException ex) {
- throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
- } catch (SAXException ex) {
- throw new ClientProtocolException("Malformed XML document", ex);
- }
- }
- });