SKILL Language Functions

SKILL Language Functions

11月 11, 2021

Tiny_Y

Allegro Skill

Cadence® SKILL 是一种基于流行的人工智能语言 Lisp 的高级交互式编程语言。

Cadence Skill List

Cadence Skill 字串(Text)

prog

prog后的参数仅在Functions内部时有效,跳出时则不再生效

允许局部变量绑定并允许在控制跳转时突然退出。 这是一种语法形式。

prog 的第一个参数是在 prog 的上下文中声明为局部变量的列表。 除非遇到 go 或 return 等控制转移语句之一,否则 prog 后面的表达式将按顺序执行。 如果没有执行 return 语句,并且在执行最后一个表达式后控制只是“落入”prog,那么 prog 的计算结果为 nil。 如果在 prog 中执行 return,则 prog 立即返回并返回给 return 语句的参数值。

prog 中的任何语句前面都可以有一个符号作为语句的标签。 除非需要多个返回点或者您正在使用 go 函数,否则应该在 prog 上使用更快的绑定局部变量的构造 let 。

x = "hello"
=> "hello"
prog( (x y)                ; Declares local variables x and y.
    x = 5                  ; Initialize x to 5.
    y = 10                 ; Initialize y to 10.
    return( x + y )
)
=> 15
x
=> "hello"                ; The global x keeps its original value.

let – SKILL mode

为仅绑定局部变量的 prog 提供更快的替代方案。这是一种语法形式。

Let定义的变量仅在其程序局部有效,不影响也不继承外部或全局变量

x = 5
let( ((x '(a b c)) y)
    println( y )               ; Prints nil.
    x)
=> (a b c)                     ; Returns the value of x.
procedure( test( x y )
    let( ((x 6) (z "return string"))
        if( (equal x y)
            then z 
            else nil)))
test( 8 6 )                    ; Call function test.
=> "return string"             ; z is returned because 6 == 6.

return

强制封闭程序退出并返回给定值。 return 语句仅在 prog 语句中使用时才有意义。

go 和 return 都不是纯粹的功能,因为它们以非标准方式转移控制权。 也就是说,它们不会返回给调用者。

procedure( summation(l)
    prog( (sum temp)
        sum = 0
        temp = l
        while( temp
            if( null(car(temp))
            then
                return(sum)
            else
                sum = sum + car(temp)
                temp = cdr(temp)
            )
        )
    )
) 
Returns the summation of previous numbers if a nil is encountered.

summation( '(1 2 3 nil 4)) 
=> 6                  ; 1+2+3
summation( '(1 2 3 4)) 
=> nil                ; prog returns nil if no explicit return)

makeTable

创建一个空的关联表

yTable = makeTable("atable1" 0)   => table:atable1
myTable[1]                         => 0
If you specify a default value when you create the table, the default value is returned if a nonexistent key is accessed.

myTable2 = makeTable("atable2")   => table:atable2
myTable2[1]                       => unbound
If you do not specify a default value when you create the table, the symbol unbound is returned if an undefined key is accessed.

myTable[1] = "blue"               => blue
myTable["two"] = '(r e d)         => (r e d)
myTable['three] = 'green          => green
You can refer to and set the contents of an association table with the standard syntax for accessing array elements.

myTable['three]                   => green

defstruct

创建一个 defstruct,一个命名结构,它是一个或多个变量的集合。

Defstructs 可以具有不同类型的slots,这些 slots 组合在一个name下以进行处理。

defstruct 形式还创建了一个实例化function,名为 make_<name>,其中 <name> 是提供给 defstruct 的结构体名称

defstruct 可以包含其他 defstruct 的instances;因此需要注意 defstruct 共享。如果不需要共享,可以使用特殊的复制功能来生成被插入 defstruct 的副本。 defstruct 形式还为给定的 defstruct 创建了一个名为 copy_ <name> 的函数。这个函数接受一个参数,一个 defstruct 的实例。它创建并返回给定实例的副本。在其他 defstruct 函数的描述之后会出现一个示例。

defstruct(myStruct slot1 slot2 slot3) => t
struct = make_myStruct(?slot1 "one" ?slot2 "two" 
                       ?slot3 "three")
struct->slot1 => "one"
Returns the value associated with a slot of an instance.

struct->slot1 = "new" => "new"
Modifies the value associated with a slot of an instance.

struct->? => (slot3 slot2 slot1)
Returns a list of the slot names associated with an instance.

struct->?? => (slot3 "three" slot2 "two" slot1 "new")
Returns a property list (not a disembodied property list) containing the slot names and values associated with an instance.

boundp

Skill中的变量可以不用提前声明。当程序在一段代码中遇到一个变量时,Skill 会自动创建该变量

当 SKILL 创建一个变量时,将会附一个 unbound 初值给变量表明该变量还未初始化。可使用 boundp 函数判断一个变量是否是 bound。boundp函数具有以下功能:

如果变量为 bound ,返回 t

如果不是 bound ,返回 nil

x = 5                ; Binds x to the value 5.
y = 'unbound         ; Unbind y
boundp( 'x )
=> t
boundp( 'y )
=> nil
y = 'x               ; Bind y to the constant x.
boundp( y )
=> t                 ; Returns t because y evaluates to x, 
                     ; which is bound.

使用赋值操作符可以给变量赋一个值。我们可通过变量名获得变量的值。
可通过使用 type 函数判断一个变量当前存储的数据类型。如下:

lineCount = 4 => 4
lineCount => 4
type( lineCount ) => fixnum
lineCount = "abc" => "abc"
lineCount => "abc"
type( lineCount ) => string

sklint

检查 SKILL 文件并报告潜在错误和简化代码的方法。

sklint(?file "D:\\SPB_Data\\pcbenv\\ceshi.il")

measureTime

测量计算表达式所需的时间并返回四个数字的列表。 这是一种语法形式。

第一个数字是用于进程的用户 CPU 时间量(以秒为单位)。

第二个数字是内核用于进程的 CPU 时间量。

第三个也是最重要的数字是计算表达式所花费的总时间,以秒为单位。

第四个数字是在计算表达式期间发生的页面错误数。

myList = nil            ; Initializes the variable myList.
measureTime( for( i 1 10000 myList = cons(i myList) ) )
=> (0.4 0.05 0.4465 0)
myList = nil            ; Initializes the variable myList.
measureTime( for( i 1 1000 myList = append1(myList i) ) )
=> (5.04 0.03 5.06 0)

difference

做减法

difference(5 4 3 2 1) => -5
difference(-12 13)    => -25
difference(12.2 -13)  => 25.2

abs

取绝对值

abs(-209.625)=> 209.625
abs(23)=> 23

acos

add1

addDefstructClass

alias

alphalessp

alphaNumCmp

and

apply

argc

argv

arrayp

arrayref

asin

assoc, assq, assv

atan

atan2

atom

band

bcdp

begin – SKILL mode

begin – SKILL++ mode

bitfield1

bitfield

blankstrp

bnand

bnor

bnot

booleanp

bor

bxnor

bxor

cdsGetInstPath

cdsGetToolsPath

cdsPlat

ceiling

changeWorkingDir

charToInt

clearExitProcs

compareTime

compress

concat

cond

constar

copy

copy_<name>

copyDefstructDeep

cos

cputime

csh

declare

declareLambda

declareNLambda

declareSQNLambda

define – SKILL++ mode

defmacro

defMathConstants

defprop

defstructp

defun

defUserInitProc

defvar – SKILL mode only

display

do – SKILL++ mode only

drain

dtpr

ed

edi

edit

edl

envobj

eq

equal

eqv

err

error

errset

errsetstring

eval

evalstring

evenp

exists

exit

exp

expandMacro

expt

fboundp

fileLength

fileSeek

fileTell

fileTimeModified

fix

fixp

float

floatp

floor

for

fscanf, scanf, sscanf

funcall

funobj

gc

gensym

geqp

get

get_filename

get_pname

get_string

getc

getchar

getCurrentTime

getd

getDirFiles

getFnWriteProtect

getFunType

getInstallPath

getLogin

getPrompts

getq

getqq

getTempDir

gets

getShellEnvVar

getSkillPath

getSkillVersion

getVarWriteProtect – SKILL mode only

getVersion

getWarn

getWorkingDir

go

greaterp

help

if

importSkillVar – SKILL++ mode

index

infile

inportp

inScheme

inSkill

instring

integerp

intToChar

isCallable

isExecutable

isFileEncrypted

isFileName

isInfinity

isLargeFile

isLink

isMacro

isNaN

isPortAtEOF

isReadable

isWritable

lambda

leftshift

leqp

lessp

let – SKILL++ mode

letrec – SKILL++ mode

letseq – SKILL++ mode

lineread

linereadstring

listp

load

loadi

loadstring

log

log10

make_<name>

makeTempFileName

makeVector

max

min

minus

minusp

mod

modf

modulo

mprocedure

nconc

ncons

needNCells

negativep

neq

nequal

newline

nindex

nlambda – SKILL mode only

not

nprocedure – SKILL mode only

nthcdr

null

numberp

numOpenFiles

oddp

onep

openportp

or

otherp

outportp

pairp

pcreCompile

pcreExecute

pcreGenCompileOptBits

pcreGenExecOptBits

pcreListCompileOptBits

pcreListExecOptBits

pcreMatchAssocList

pcreMatchList

pcreMatchp

pcrePrintLastMatchErr

pcreReplace

pcreSubstitute

plist

plus

plusp

portp

postdecrement

postincrement

pprint

predecrement

preincrement

prependInstallPath

printlev

procedure

procedurep

prog1

prog2

progn

putd

putprop

putpropq

putpropqq

quote

quotient

random

range

read

readstring

readTable

realp

regExitAfter

regExitBefore

remainder

remd

remdq

remExitProc

remprop

remq

renameFile

rexExecute

rexMagic

rexMatchAssocList

rexSubstitute

rightshift

rindex

round

rplaca

schemeTopLevelEnv

set

setarray

setcar

setcdr

setFnWriteProtect

setguard

setplist

setPrompts

setq

setqbitfield1

setqbitfield

setShellEnvVar

setSkillPath

setVarWriteProtect – SKILL mode only

sh, shell

simplifyFilename

sin

sqrt

srandom

sstatus

status

strcmp

stringp

stringToFunction

stringToSymbol

stringToTime

strncat

strncmp

sub1

subst

sxtd

symbolp

symbolToString

symeval

symstrp

system

tablep

tableToList

tailp

tan

theEnvironment – SKILL++ mode only

times

timeToString

timeToTm

tmToTime

truncate

type, typep

unalias

unless

vector

vectorp

vectorToList

vi, vii, vil

warn

when

which

while

write

writeTable

xcons

xdifference

xplus

xquotient

xtimes

zerop

zxtd

11月 11, 2021

Tiny_Y

Allegro Skill


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Skill Language User Guide.pdf 是一份技能语言用户指南的电子文档。这份指南的目的是为用户提供有关如何使用技能语言的详细说明和指导。 在这份指南中,用户将了解到技能语言的基本概念和功能。首先,用户将了解到技能语言的定义和用途。技能语言是一种编程语言,用于开发和设计技能,这些技能可以在各种智能设备和平台上运行。用户将了解到技能语言的语法、语义和组成部分,从而可以更好地理解和使用它。 指南还包括了技能语言的安装和配置指示。用户将了解到如何下载和安装技能语言开发环境,并对其进行基本设置。这部分还会介绍如何创建新的技能项目,配置开发环境和调试技能。 此外,指南还介绍了如何编写和测试技能代码的过程。用户将了解到技能语言的常见编程模式和技巧,并学习如何使用各种功能和库来扩展和增强技能的功能。用户还将学习如何测试和调试技能,以确保其正常运行和稳定性。 最后,指南还提供了一些常见问题和故障排除的解决方法。用户可以根据指南提供的步骤和建议来处理常见的技能语言开发中的问题和错误。 总的来说,Skill Language User Guide.pdf 是一份全面而详细的技能语言用户指南,旨在帮助用户理解和使用技能语言,提供了必要的知识和技巧,使用户能够更好地开发和设计技能。

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