用pyQt实现信号采集数据图形化显示

嵌入式设备做信号处理，通过串口实时将采集数据传递出来。

PC端调试工具通过串口接收采集数据，并实时显示，方便分析

python丰富的基础组件可以让嵌入式工程师快速搭建自己的调试工具，本例的串口采集实验libusb，图像界面使用pyQT。

代码如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import random
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import (QAbstractListModel, QAbstractTableModel,
                          QModelIndex, QSize, QTimer, QVariant, Qt, pyqtSignal)
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QDialog, QHBoxLayout,
                             QListView, QSpinBox, QStyledItemDelegate, QStyleOptionViewItem, QWidget, QVBoxLayout)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QColor, QPainter, QPixmap, QFont

import usbhelper as uh


class BarGraphModel(QAbstractListModel):
    dataChanged = pyqtSignal(QModelIndex, QModelIndex)

    def __init__(self):
        super(BarGraphModel, self).__init__()
        self.__data = []
        self.__colors = {}
        self.minValue = 0
        self.maxValue = 0

    def rowCount(self, index=QModelIndex()):
        return len(self.__data)

    def insertRows(self, row, count):
        extra = row + count
        if extra >= len(self.__data):
            self.beginInsertRows(QModelIndex(), row,  count)
            self.__data.extend([0] * (extra - len(self.__data)))
            self.endInsertRows()
            return True
        return False

    def flags(self, index):
        return QAbstractListModel.flags(self, index) | Qt.ItemIsEditable

    def setData(self, index, value, role=Qt.DisplayRole):
        row = index.row()
        if not index.isValid() or 0 > row >= len(self.__data):
            return False
        changed = False
        if role == Qt.DisplayRole:
            value = value
            self.__data[row] = value
            if self.minValue > value:
                self.minValue = value
            if self.maxValue < value:
                self.maxValue = value
            changed = True
        elif role == Qt.UserRole:
            self.__colors[row] = value
            changed = True
        if changed:
            self.dataChanged[QModelIndex, QModelIndex].emit(index, index)
        return changed

    def data(self, index, role=Qt.DisplayRole):
        row = index.row()
        if not index.isValid() or 0 > row >= len(self.__data):
            return QVariant()
        if role == Qt.DisplayRole:
            return self.__data[row]
        if role == Qt.UserRole:
            # print('UserRole')
            return QVariant(self.__colors.get(row, QColor(Qt.red)))  # for BarGraphView paintEvent
        if role == Qt.DecorationRole:
            color = QColor(self.__colors.get(row, QColor(Qt.red)))
            pixmap = QPixmap(20, 20)
            pixmap.fill(color)
            # print('DecorationRole', index.model().data(index, Qt.UserRole))
            return QVariant(pixmap)
        return QVariant()


class BarGraphView(QWidget):
    WIDTH = 30

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(BarGraphView, self).__init__(parent)
        self.model = None

    def setModel(self, model):
        self.model = model
        self.model.dataChanged[QModelIndex, QModelIndex].connect(self.update)
        # self.connect(self.model, SIGNAL("modelReset()"), self.update)
        self.model.modelReset.connect(self.update)

    def sizeHint(self):
        return self.minimumSizeHint()

    def minimumSizeHint(self):
        if self.model is None:
            return QSize(BarGraphView.WIDTH * 10, 100)
        return QSize(BarGraphView.WIDTH * self.model.rowCount(), 300)

    def paintEvent(self, event):
        if self.model is None:
            return
        painter = QPainter(self)
        painter.setRenderHint(QPainter.Antialiasing)
        span = self.model.maxValue - self.model.minValue
        painter.setWindow(0, 0, BarGraphView.WIDTH * self.model.rowCount(), span + 30)
        for row in range(self.model.rowCount()):
            x = row * BarGraphView.WIDTH
            index = self.model.index(row)
            color = QColor(self.model.data(index, Qt.UserRole))
            y = self.model.data(index)
            painter.fillRect(x, span - y, BarGraphView.WIDTH, y, color)


class BarGraphView1(QWidget):
    WIDTH = 30
    span = 20

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(BarGraphView1, self).__init__(parent)
        self.model = None

    def setModel(self, model):
        self.model = model
        self.model.dataChanged[QModelIndex, QModelIndex].connect(self.update)
        # self.connect(self.model, SIGNAL("modelReset()"), self.update)
        self.model.modelReset.connect(self.update)

    def sizeHint(self):
        return self.minimumSizeHint()

    def minimumSizeHint(self):
        if self.model is None:
            return QSize(BarGraphView1.WIDTH * 10, BarGraphView1.span)
        return QSize(BarGraphView1.WIDTH * self.model.rowCount(), BarGraphView1.span)

    def paintEvent(self, event):
        if self.model is None:
            return
        painter = QPainter(self)
        painter.setRenderHint(QPainter.Antialiasing)

        painter.setWindow(0, 0, BarGraphView.WIDTH * self.model.rowCount(), BarGraphView1.span)
        for row in range(self.model.rowCount()):
            x = row * BarGraphView.WIDTH
            if row < 10:
                x += 8
            index = self.model.index(row)
            color = QColor(self.model.data(index, Qt.UserRole))
            y = self.model.data(index)
            # painter.fillRect(x, span - y, BarGraphView.WIDTH, y, color)
            font = QFont()
            font.setPointSize(15)
            painter.setFont(font)
            painter.drawText(x, 15, str(row))
            # print(x, span, str(row))

class MainForm(QDialog):

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MainForm, self).__init__(parent)

        self.__end = False
        self.model = BarGraphModel()
        self.barGraphView = BarGraphView()
        self.barGraphView.setModel(self.model)
        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        self.barGraphView1 = BarGraphView1()
        self.barGraphView1.setModel(self.model)
        layout.addWidget(self.barGraphView)
        layout.addWidget(self.barGraphView1, 1)
        self.setLayout(layout)

        self.setWindowTitle("Bar Grapher")
        QTimer.singleShot(0, self.load)

    def load(self):
        count = 30
        if self.model.rowCount() < count:
            self.model.insertRows(0, count)
            print("row sum ", self.model.rowCount())
            for row in range(count):
                color = QColor(random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(0, 255),
                               random.randint(0, 255))
                index = self.model.index(row)
                self.model.setData(index, 0)
                self.model.setData(index, QVariant(color), Qt.UserRole)
        state, x, y, press, x_gain, y_gain, vx, vy, chx, chy, xl, xr, yl, yr, data = uh.get_point()
        if state and press:
            for row in range(count):
                index = self.model.index(row)
                if chx > row + 5 or chx < row - 5:
                    self.model.setData(index, 0)
                    continue
                value = uh.get_int16(data, 32 + 2 * (row + 5 - chx))
                self.model.setData(index, value)

        if not self.__end:
            QTimer.singleShot(0, self.load)

    def quit(self):
        self.__end = True


if __name__ == '__main__':
    uh.start_read()
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    form = MainForm()
    form.resize(600, 400)
    form.show()
    app.exec_()
    form.quit()
    uh.stop()

运行界面如下：