Feign简介
Spring Cloud Feign是基于Netflix Feign实现,整合了Spring Cloud Riggon与Spring Cloud Hystrix,出了提供这两者的强大功能外,他还提供了一种声明式的web服务客户端定义方式。
在使用Spring Cloud Ribbon时,通常都会利用它对RestTemplate的请求拦截来实现对服务的调用,而RestTemplate已经实现了对http请求的封装处理,形成了一套模板的调用方法。
快速使用
在pom文件中添加对feign的依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
</dependency>
在启动类中使用注解开启Feign的功能:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class OwlBookstoreWebApiApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OwlBookstoreWebApiApplication.class, args);
}
}
创建调用接口,使用注解来消费服务
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.facade.user.entity.User;
import cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.web.api.fallback.UserServiceFallbackFactory;
@FeignClient(value = "https://my.oschina.net/u/2450666/blog/SERVICE-USER", fallbackFactory = UserServiceFallbackFactory.class)
public interface UserService {
@RequestMapping(value = "https://my.oschina.net/users/{email}/", method = RequestMethod.GET)
Boolean isExistsByEmail(@PathVariable("email") String email);
@RequestMapping(value = "https://my.oschina.net/users/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
User findById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}
接口中声明的方法的参数与返回值,要与服务提供的方法一致。
Feign自动开启了Ribbon中的负载均衡和hystrix断路器,要使用断路器先需要开启断路器:
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: true
compression:
request:
enabled: true
response:
enabled: true
在Feign中使用的是fallbackFatory来降级服务,使用该方式可以同时处理服务抛出的异常,创建一个UserServiceFallbackFactory类:
mport org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.facade.user.entity.User;
import cn.net.bysoft.owl.bookstore.web.api.service.UserService;
import feign.hystrix.FallbackFactory;
@Component
public class UserServiceFallbackFactory implements FallbackFactory<UserService> {
@Override
public UserService create(Throwable cause) {
return new UserService() {
@Override
public Boolean isExistsByEmail(String email) {
system.out.println(cause.getmessage());
return false;
}
@Override
public User findById(Long id) {
cause.printStackTrace();
System.out.println(cause.getMessage());
return null;
}
};
}
}
Feign配置
Ribbon配置
全局配置的方法:
ribbon.ConnectTimeout=500
ribbon.ReadTimeout=5000