Android中RecyclerView简介、创建步骤及其Demo

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-17 10:06:54 发布

弱水三千Y

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-17 10:06:54 发布

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分类专栏： Android 文章标签： android RecyclerView

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lixiang_Y/article/details/61937111

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一、RecyclerView的简述
RecyclerView是support.v7包中的控件，可以说是ListView和GridView的增强升级版。
RecyclerView并不需要我们去优化，其自身已经做了优化，内部自动复用view对象。这也是RecyclerView最方便的一点，极大的优化了代码。

二、RecyclerView的实现步骤
1.RecyclerView环境的配置（依赖库）

2.在XML文件中添加一个RecyclerView控件

<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
    android:id="@+id/recyclerview"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

</android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView>

3.在Activity中实例化RecyclerView控件

4.创建RecyclerView适配器继承自RecyclerView.Adapter<适配器类名.ViewHolder>,并指定泛型为适配器类名.ViewHolder(ViewHolder继承RecyclerView.ViewHolder)

public class RecyclerViewAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerViewAdapter.ListViewHolder> {    

      public ListViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
      return null;
      }

      public void onBindViewHolder(ListViewHolder holder, int position) {
      }

      public int getItemCount() {
      return 0;
     }
      public class ListViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
          public ListViewHolder (View itemView) {
                super(itemView);
          }
      }
}

5.在适配器中添加构造方法，用于在适配器中接受数据

private Context context;
private List<DataBean> databean;

//构造方法，一般需要接受两个参数，上下文，集合对象（包含我们的数据）
public RecyclerViewAdapter(Context context, List<DataBean> databean) {
    this.context = context;
    this.databean = databean;
}

6.在onCreateViewHolder中通过布局管理器（inflate）添加一个view视图，并实例化自定义的ViewHolder类，传入view视图对象，再返回ViewHolder。

//创建ViewHolder（相当于item），并把ViewHolder返回出去。
@Override
public ListViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
    //转换一个view布局对象，决定item的样子，参数：1.上下文  2.XML布局资源  3.为null
    View view = View.inflate(context, R.layout.item_list, null);
    //创建一个ViewHolder对象
    ListViewHolder listViewHolder = new ListViewHolder(view);
    //把创建出来的ViewHolder对象传出去
    return listViewHolder;
}

7.在onBindViewHolder方法里绑定ViewHolder和数据

//当ViewHolder和数据绑定时，回调
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(ListViewHolder holder, int position) {
    //从集合里拿对应item的数据对象
    DataBean dataBean = databean.get(position);
    //给holder里面的控件对象设置数据
    holder.setData(dataBean);

}

8.在内部类ListViewHolder的构造方中接收onCreateViewHolder传过来的view对象，并实例化view对象里的控件；之后，实现setData（）方法，接受DataBean对象，然后给控件赋值，从DataBean中拿数据。

//自动帮我们写的ViewHolder，参数：view对象
public class ListViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

    private final ImageView mIvicon;
    private final TextView mTvname;

    public ListViewHolder(View itemView) {
        super(itemView);
        mIvicon = (ImageView)itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_list_iv_icon);
        mTvname = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_list_tv_name);
    }

    public void setData(DataBean dataBean) {
        //给imageview设置图片数据
        mIvicon.setImageResource(dataBean.icon);
        //给TextView设置文本数据
        mTvname.setText(dataBean.name);
    }
}

9.在getItemCount方法中返回RecyclerView的条目数

//决定RecyclerView有多少条
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
    //数据不为null，有几条数据就显示几条数据   ???
    if (databean != null&& databean.size()>0) {
        return databean.size();
    }
    return 0;
}

10.在Activity中创建适配器，设置适配器，创建布局管理器，设置布局管理器（注：必须要创建布局管理器并设置，否则不显示）

//创建适配器adapter
RecyclerViewAdapter recyclerViewAdapter = new RecyclerViewAdapter(this,datas);
//设置适配器
recyclerview.setAdapter(recyclerViewAdapter);
//布局管理器所需参数，上下文
LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
//设置布局管理器
recyclerview.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);

三、代码示例
MainActivity.java

package com.zhiyuan3g.recyclerviewexercise;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;

import com.zhiyuan3g.recyclerviewexercise.adapter.MyRecyclerViewAdapter;
import com.zhiyuan3g.recyclerviewexercise.bean.DataBean;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private RecyclerView recyclerview;
    private DataBean mDataBean;
    private ArrayList<DataBean> mList;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();
        mList = new ArrayList<>();
        createdata();
        setRecyclerViewAdapter();
    }

    private void setRecyclerViewAdapter() {
        MyRecyclerViewAdapter myRecyclerViewAdapter = new MyRecyclerViewAdapter(this, mList);
        recyclerview.setAdapter(myRecyclerViewAdapter);
        LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        recyclerview.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);

    }

    private void createdata() {
        for (int x=0; x<34 ;x++){
            mDataBean = new DataBean();
            mDataBean.Icon=R.mipmap.ic_launcher;
            mDataBean.name="Recyclerview"+x;
            mList.add(mDataBean);
        }

    }

    private void initView() {
        recyclerview = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerview);
    }
}

DataBean.java

package com.zhiyuan3g.recyclerviewexercise.bean;

/**
 * 
 * Function: Bean类的下的变量类型是根据需要哪些数据来决定
 */
public class DataBean {
    public int Icon;
    public String name;
}

MyRecyclerViewAdapter.java

package com.zhiyuan3g.recyclerviewexercise.adapter;

import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.zhiyuan3g.recyclerviewexercise.R;
import com.zhiyuan3g.recyclerviewexercise.bean.DataBean;

import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
 *
 * Function:RecyclerView的适配器
 */
public class MyRecyclerViewAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyRecyclerViewAdapter.ViewHolder>{
    private Context context;
    private ArrayList<DataBean> list;
    public MyRecyclerViewAdapter(Context context, ArrayList<DataBean> list) {
        this.context=context;
        this.list=list;
    }

    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view = View.inflate(context, R.layout.recyclerview_item, null);
        ViewHolder viewHolder =  new ViewHolder(view);
        return viewHolder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        DataBean dataBean = list.get(position);
        holder.setData(dataBean);

    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return list.size();
    }

    public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

        private final ImageView mImageView;
        private final TextView mName;

        public ViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            mImageView = (ImageView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.icon_img);
            mName = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.name_tv);
        }

        public void setData(DataBean dataBean) {
            mImageView.setImageResource(dataBean.Icon);
            mName.setText(dataBean.name);

        }
    }
}

activity_mian.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.zhiyuan3g.recyclerviewexercise.MainActivity">


    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recyclerview"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

    </android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView>
</RelativeLayout>

recyclerview_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
              android:layout_width="wrap_content"
              android:layout_height="wrap_content">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/icon_img"
        android:layout_width="75dp"
        android:layout_height="75dp"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/name_tv"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/icon_img"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:text="hahhf"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        />
</RelativeLayout>

效果图：