进程通信方式--共享内存（shm)--实现自由通信

//欢迎大家评论提出意见
#include"utili.h"
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/sem.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/shm.h>
#include<sys/ipc.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<sys/msg.h>

 union semun
{
        int              val;    /* Value for SETVAL */
        struct semid_ds *buf;    /* Buffer for IPC_STAT, IPC_SET */
        unsigned short  *array;  /* Array for GETALL, SETALL */
        struct seminfo  *__buf;  /* Buffer for IPC_INFO
                                    (Linux-specific) */
};

//.........ser.c
#include"utili.h"
int main()
{
    key_t shm_key = ftok("myshm",0xff);
    if(shm_key == -1)
      {
         perror("ftok shm_key");
         exit(1);
      }
    //shmget函数  用于创建或打开一个共享内存
     int shm_id = shmget(shm_key,1024,IPC_CREAT|0755);
     if(shm_id == -1)
      {
         perror("shmget");
         exit(1);
      }
 //void *shmat(int dhmid,int cmd,stuct dhmid_ds *buf);
    //shmat 连接共享内存与某个进程的地址空间
     void *shm_addr = shmat(shm_id,NULL,0);
      if(shm_addr == (void*)-1)
       {
          perror("shmat");
          shmctl(shm_id,IPC_RMID,NULL);
          exit(1);
       }
     //加入信号量，实现通信
    key_t sem_key = ftok("mysem",0xfe);
//semget -创建一个新信号量或者取得一个现有的信号量
    int sem_id = semget(sem_key,2,IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL|0755);

    union semun init_val;
    init_val.val = 0;
    semctl(sem_id,0,SETVAL,init_val);
    semctl(sem_id,1,SETVAL,init_val);

    struct sembuf p = {1,-1,0},
                  v = {0, 1,0};
       while(1)
      {
          printf("Ser:>");
          scanf("%s",(char*)shm_addr);
          if(strcmp((char*)shm_addr,"quit") == 0)
            {
   // shmdt()-当进程完成某个共享内存区的使用时，调用此函数断接内存区
               shmdt(shm_addr);
               shmctl(shm_id,IPC_RMID,NULL);
               break;
             }
           semop(sem_id,&v,1);//
           semop(sem_id,&p,1);
           printf("Cli:>%s\n",(char*)shm_addr);
      }
       return 0;
}

//..................cli.c
#include"utili.h"
int main()
{
    key_t shm_key = ftok("myshm",0xff);
    if(shm_key == -1)
    {
        perror("ftok shm_key");
        exit(1);
    }
    //shm_id  用于创建或打开一个共享内存
    int shm_id = shmget(shm_key,0,0);
    if(shm_id == -1)
    {
        perror("shmget");
        exit(1);
    }
    //shmat  断接内存区
    void *shm_addr = shmat(shm_id,NULL,0);
    if(shm_addr == (void*)-1);
    {
        perror("shmat");
    //    shmctl(shm_id,IPC_RMID,NULL);
        exit(1);
    }
    //加入信号量，实现通信
    key_t sem_key = ftok("myshm",0xfe);
    int sem_id = semget(sem_key,0,0);
    struct sembuf p = {1,-1,0},
                  v = {0,1,0};
    while(1)
    {
                semop(sem_id,&p,1);
        printf("Ser:>%s\n",(char*)shm_addr);
                printf("Cli:>");
        scanf("%s",(char*)shm_addr);
        if(strcmp((char*)shm_addr,"quit") == 0)
        {
            shmdt(shm_addr);
            //shmctl(shm_id,IPC_RMID,NULL);
            break;
        }
        semop(sem_id,&v,1);
    }
    return 0;
}