opencv学习-去除干扰线

操作步骤：

1.读取彩色图像，imread（）

2.转换为灰度图像，cvtColor（src,dst,CV_BGR2GRAY）

3.转换为二值图像，adaptiveThreshold（）

4，定义结构元素，getStructuringElement

5，形态学操作

代码如下：

#include<iostream>
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(){
	Mat src, gray_src,bin_src,dst;
	src = imread("./test4.png");
	if (src.empty()){
		cout << "input data error..." << endl;
		return -1;
	}
	namedWindow("input_image", WINDOW_NORMAL);
	imshow("input_image", src);

	cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);
	imshow("gray_image", gray_src);

	adaptiveThreshold(gray_src, bin_src, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C,  THRESH_BINARY, 15, 2);
	imshow("binary_image", bin_src);
	
	Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));

	Mat temp;
	erode(bin_src, temp, kernel);
	dilate(temp, dst, kernel);
	//morphologyEx(bin_src, dst, CV_MOP_OPEN, kernel, Point(-1, -1));
	imshow("final", dst);
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

效果图：

为什么会去除不掉呢，因为开操作是除掉黑色背景中的白色小块，那么解决该问题就有两种方法：

1.用bitwise_not（）将得到的二值图像反色，变成黑为背景白为前景。

2.将开操作变为闭操作。

代码分别为：

#include<iostream>
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(){
	Mat src, gray_src,bin_src,dst;
	src = imread("./test4.png");
	if (src.empty()){
		cout << "input data error..." << endl;
		return -1;
	}
	namedWindow("input_image", WINDOW_NORMAL);
	imshow("input_image", src);

	cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);
	imshow("gray_image", gray_src);

	adaptiveThreshold(gray_src, bin_src, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 15, 2);
	bitwise_not(bin_src, bin_src);
	imshow("binary_image", bin_src);
	
	Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));

	Mat temp;
	erode(bin_src, temp, kernel);
	dilate(temp, dst, kernel);
	//morphologyEx(bin_src, dst, CV_MOP_OPEN, kernel, Point(-1, -1));
	imshow("final", dst);
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

 

效果图：

闭操作代码 ：

#include<iostream>
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(){
	Mat src, gray_src,bin_src,dst;
	src = imread("./test4.png");
	if (src.empty()){
		cout << "input data error..." << endl;
		return -1;
	}
	namedWindow("input_image", WINDOW_NORMAL);
	imshow("input_image", src);

	cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);
	imshow("gray_image", gray_src);

	adaptiveThreshold(gray_src, bin_src, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 15, 2);
	/*bitwise_not(bin_src, bin_src);*/
	imshow("binary_image", bin_src);
	
	Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));

	Mat temp;
	dilate(bin_src, temp, kernel);
	erode(temp, dst, kernel);
	//morphologyEx(bin_src, dst, CV_MOP_OPEN, kernel, Point(-1, -1));
	imshow("final", dst);
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

效果图：