视频数据读取，颜色，边界填充

数据读取-视频

• cv2.VideoCapture可以捕获摄像头，用数字来控制不同的设备，例如0,1。
• 如果是视频文件，直接指定好路径即可。

vc = cv2.VideoCapture('test.mp4')

# 检查是否打开正确
if vc.isOpened(): 
    oepn, frame = vc.read()
else:
    open = False

while open:
    ret, frame = vc.read()
    if frame is None:
        break
    if ret == True:
        gray = cv2.cvtColor(frame,  cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
        cv2.imshow('result', gray)
        if cv2.waitKey(100) & 0xFF == 27:
            break
vc.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

截取部分图像数据

img=cv2.imread('cat.jpg')
cat=img[0:50,0:200] 
cv_show('cat',cat)

颜色通道提取

b,g,r=cv2.split(img)

r

array([[160, 164, 169, …, 185, 184, 183],

​ [126, 131, 136, …, 184, 183, 182],

​ [127, 131, 137, …, 183, 182, 181],

​ …,

​ [198, 193, 178, …, 206, 195, 174],

​ [176, 183, 175, …, 188, 144, 125],

​ [190, 190, 157, …, 200, 145, 144]], dtype=uint8)

r.shape

(414, 500)

img=cv2.merge((b,g,r))
img.shape

(414,500,3)

# 只保留R
cur_img = img.copy()
cur_img[:,:,0] = 0
cur_img[:,:,1] = 0
cv_show('R',cur_img)

# 只保留G
cur_img = img.copy()
cur_img[:,:,0] = 0
cur_img[:,:,2] = 0
cv_show('G',cur_img)

# 只保留B
cur_img = img.copy()
cur_img[:,:,1] = 0
cur_img[:,:,2] = 0
cv_show('B',cur_img)

边界填充

top_size,bottom_size,left_size,right_size = (50,50,50,50)

replicate = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size,
borderType=cv2.BORDER_REPLICATE)
reflect = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size,cv2.BORDER_REFLECT)
reflect101 = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size, cv2.BORDER_REFLECT_101)
wrap = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size, cv2.BORDER_WRAP)
constant = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, top_size, bottom_size, left_size, right_size,cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT, value=0)

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.subplot(231), plt.imshow(img, 'gray'), plt.title('ORIGINAL')
plt.subplot(232), plt.imshow(replicate, 'gray'), plt.title('REPLICATE')
plt.subplot(233), plt.imshow(reflect, 'gray'), plt.title('REFLECT')
plt.subplot(234), plt.imshow(reflect101, 'gray'), plt.title('REFLECT_101')
plt.subplot(235), plt.imshow(wrap, 'gray'), plt.title('WRAP')
plt.subplot(236), plt.imshow(constant, 'gray'), plt.title('CONSTANT')

plt.show()

• BORDER_REPLICATE：复制法，也就是复制最边缘像素。
• BORDER_REFLECT：反射法，对感兴趣的图像中的像素在两边进行复制例如：fedcba|abcdefgh|hgfedcb
• BORDER_REFLECT_101：反射法，也就是以最边缘像素为轴，对称，gfedcb|abcdefgh|gfedcba
• BORDER_WRAP：外包装法cdefgh|abcdefgh|abcdefg
• BORDER_CONSTANT：常量法，常数值填充。