网络编程之UDP简单回射程序

服务器程序serv02.c

//UDP
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define SERV_PORT 8888
#define MAX_MSG_SIZE 1024

//完成从网络中读和从网络中写
void udps_respons(int sockfd) {
	struct sockaddr_in cli_addr;
	int addrlen, n;
        //socklen_t len;
	char msg[MAX_MSG_SIZE];
        //printf("1\n");
	while(1) {
                addrlen = sizeof(cli_addr);
		n = recvfrom(sockfd, msg, MAX_MSG_SIZE, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&cli_addr, &addrlen);
		msg[n] = 0;
		fprintf(stdout, "I have received msg:%s\n", msg);
		sendto(sockfd, msg, MAX_MSG_SIZE, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&cli_addr, addrlen);
	}
}

int main()
{
	int sockfd;
	struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
	if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Socket error:%s\a\n", strerror(errno));
		exit(1);
	}
	//printf("%d\n", sockfd);
	bzero(&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr));
	serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
	serv_addr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);
	
	if(bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Bind error:%s\a\n", strerror(errno));
		exit(1);
	}
	printf("%d\n", sockfd);
	udps_respons(sockfd);
	close(sockfd);
	
	return 0;
}

客户端程序cli02.c

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define MAX_BUF_SIZE 1024
#define SERV_PORT 8888

void udpc_requ(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr_in addr, int len) {
	char buffer[MAX_BUF_SIZE];
	int n;
	//从键盘上读，写到服务端
        //printf("c1\n");
        while(1) {
	fgets(buffer, MAX_BUF_SIZE, stdin);
        //fputs(buffer, stdout);
	sendto(sockfd, buffer, MAX_BUF_SIZE, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, len);
        //fputs(buffer, stdout);
	bzero(&buffer, MAX_BUF_SIZE);
        //printf("OK\n");
	//从网络上读，写到屏幕上
	n = recvfrom(sockfd, buffer, MAX_BUF_SIZE, 0, NULL, NULL);
	buffer[n] = 0;
	fputs(buffer, stdout);
        }
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int sockfd, port;
	struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
	
	if(argc != 3) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Usage:%s serv_ip serv_port\a\n", strerror(errno));
		exit(1);
	}
	
	if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Socket error:%s\a\n", strerror(errno));
		exit(1);
	}
	//填充服务端地址结构
	bzero(&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr));
	serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	serv_addr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);
	if(inet_aton(argv[1], &serv_addr.sin_addr) < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Ip error:%s\a\n", strerror(errno));
		exit(1);
	}
        //printf("%d\n", port);
	//printf("%d\n", sockfd);
	udpc_requ(sockfd, serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr));
	close(sockfd);
	return 0;
}
	

调试代码的时候纠结了很久，客户端的信息无法传送到服务端，后来检查了客户端程序的服务器信息填充部分，发现是客户端和服务端端口号不一致的问题，改过来就就可以传递消息过去了。

另调试程序的过程中停止服务端重启发现会有Bind error：Address already in use这样的错误，这是因为服务端进程没有杀死的缘故，可以用命令ps -ef|grep serv02 找到相关进程ID号，然后用kill命令杀死。kill -s 9 pid 可快速杀死进程。

还有一种解决办法是编程的过程中启用套接字选项，将地址设置为可复用。

套接字编程中的五个隐患