Flutter源码系列之《一》Flutter的热更新探索(上)

转载请注明出处：https://blog.csdn.net/llew2011/article/details/104075796

在Google发布Flutter之后我一直对它保持很高的热情，尤其是Flutter支持热更新，但在1.7.8版本之后由于某些原因Google屏蔽了热更新功能，这着实让让人失落……于是抽了点时间研究了一下Flutter的加载过程，目的是找到可以实现热更新的方式，在阅读文章之前需要小伙伴们对Flutter的编译模式有一定了解，目前我使用的Flutter版本为dev分支的1.14.0，Dart版本为2.8.0，如下所示：

要实现Flutter的热更新功能就要先弄清楚Flutter的加载流程，比如Flutter引擎什么时机加载，引擎加载完毕后libapp.so文件什么时机加载等，因此我们先分析一下Flutter的加载过程。

首先新建Flutter项目flutter_hotfix，然后运行该项目，如下所示：

项目启动后运行如上所示，页面上展示了一个文案和计数器数值，点击+按钮计数器的值就会自增。接下来我们看下在Manifest中配置的启动信息，打开AndroidManifext.xml文件，如下：

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.llew.flutter.flutter_hotfix">
    <!-- io.flutter.app.FlutterApplication is an android.app.Application that
         calls FlutterMain.startInitialization(this); in its onCreate method.
         In most cases you can leave this as-is, but you if you want to provide
         additional functionality it is fine to subclass or reimplement
         FlutterApplication and put your custom class here. -->
    <application
        android:name="io.flutter.app.FlutterApplication"
        android:label="flutter_hotfix"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher">
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:launchMode="singleTop"
            android:theme="@style/LaunchTheme"
            android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|keyboard|screenSize|smallestScreenSize|locale|layoutDirection|fontScale|screenLayout|density|uiMode"
            android:hardwareAccelerated="true"
            android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <!-- Don't delete the meta-data below.
             This is used by the Flutter tool to generate GeneratedPluginRegistrant.java -->
        <meta-data
            android:name="flutterEmbedding"
            android:value="2" />
    </application>
</manifest>

Manifest默认配置了当前项目的Application为FlutterApplication，启动页面是MainActivity，另外配置的meta-data信息我们先不关注，我们先看FlutterApplication类(在flutter.jar包中)，如下所示：

public class FlutterApplication extends Application {
   
    @Override
    @CallSuper
    public void onCreate() {
   
        super.onCreate();
        FlutterMain.startInitialization(this);
    }

    private Activity mCurrentActivity = null;
    // 省略set/get方法
}

FlutterApplication继承Application，它定义了Activity类型的mCurrentActivity属性并给其添加了set/get方法，另外FlutterApplication重写了onCreate()方法，在onCreate()方法中仅调用了FlutterMain的startInitialization()静态方法进行初始化操作，FlutterMain源码如下：

public class FlutterMain {
   

    /**
     * Starts initialization of the native system.
     * @param applicationContext The Android application context.
     */
    public static void startInitialization(@NonNull Context applicationContext) {
   
        if (isRunningInRobolectricTest) {
   
            return;
        }
        FlutterLoader.getInstance().startInitialization(applicationContext);
    }

    /**
     * Starts initialization of the native system.
     * <p>
     * This loads the Flutter engine's native library to enable subsequent JNI calls. This also
     * starts locating and unpacking Dart resources packaged in the app's APK.
     * <p>
     * Calling this method multiple times has no effect.
     *
     * @param applicationContext The Android application context.
     * @param settings Configuration settings.
     */
    public static void startInitialization(@NonNull Context applicationContext, @NonNull Settings settings) {
   
        if (isRunningInRobolectricTest) {
   
            return;
        }
        FlutterLoader.Settings newSettings = new FlutterLoader.Settings();
        newSettings.setLogTag(settings.getLogTag());
        FlutterLoader.getInstance().startInitialization(applicationContext, newSettings);
    }

    // 省略相关代码
}

FlutterMain定义了一系列静态方法，而这些方法内部又委托FlutterLoader实现具体功能，FlutterLoader看名字就知道是一个加载类，它可能是我们实现热更新的入口类。FlutterLoader对外提供了一个静态的getInstance()方法便于获取其实例(该方法是单例的)，其startInitialization()源码如下：

public class FlutterLoader {
   
    private static final String TAG = "FlutterLoader";

  	// 省略部分属性

    private static FlutterLoader instance