numpy作业

import numpy as np
c = np.arange(1, 13).reshape(6, 2)
print(c)

[[ 1  2]
 [ 3  4]
 [ 5  6]
 [ 7  8]
 [ 9 10]
 [11 12]]

np.vsplit(c,3)

[[1, 2],
        [3, 4]]), array([[5, 6],
        [7, 8]]), array([[ 9, 10],
        [11, 12]]

import numpy as np
c = np.arange(1, 13).reshape(6, 2)
d = c.T
print(d)

[[ 1  3  5  7  9 11]
 [ 2  4  6  8 10 12]]

np.hsplit(d,3)

[[ 1  3  5  7  9 11]
 [ 2  4  6  8 10 12]]

import numpy as np
a = np.array((3,7,8,9))
b = np.array((10,13,15,20))
e = np.dstack((a, b))
e

array([[[ 3,  10],
        [ 7,  13],
        [ 8,  15],
        [ 9, 20]]])

np.dsplit(e,2)

[array([[[3],
         [7],
         [8],
         [9]]]),
 array([[[ 10],
         [ 13],
         [ 15],
         [20]]])]

inistate =np.array([1,2,3,4])
pre_inistate = inistate[0:3]
pre_inistate

array([0.18257419, 0.36514837, 0.54772256])

import numpy as np
a = np.array([1,1,1,1])
b = np.array([[1],[1],[1],[1]])
a+b

array([[2, 2, 2, 2],
[2, 2, 2, 2],
[2, 2, 2, 2],
[2, 2, 2, 2]])

c = np.array([[1,1,1,1]])
c+b

array([[2, 2, 2, 2],
[2, 2, 2, 2],
[2, 2, 2, 2],
[2, 2, 2, 2]])

W = np.array([[1,1,1],[2,2,2]])
W[:,1]

array([1, 2])

W[:,1] = np.array([5,5])
W

array([[1, 5, 1],
[2, 5, 2]])

import numpy as np
matrix = [
    [1,2,3,4],
    [5,6,7,8],
    [9,10,11,12]
]
p1 = np.delete(matrix, 1, 0)
print('>>>>p1>>>>\n',p1)

>>>>p1>>>>
 [[ 1  2  3  4]
 [ 9 10 11 12]]

p2 = np.delete(matrix, 1, 1) 
print(’>>>>p2>>>>\n’,p2)

p2>>>>
[[ 1 3 4]
[ 5 7 8]
[ 9 11 12]]

p3 = np.delete(matrix, 1) 
print(’>>>>p3>>>>\n’,p3)

p3>>>>
[ 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12]

p4 = np.delete(matrix, [0,1], 1) 
print(’>>>>p4>>>>\n’,p4)

p4>>>>
[[ 3 4]
[ 7 8]
[11 12]]

import numpy as np 
matrix = [
    [1,2,3,4], [5,6,7,8], [9,10,11,12] 
]
q1 = np.insert(matrix, 1, [1,1,1,1], 0)
print('>>>>q1>>>>\n',q1)

>>>>q1>>>>
 [[ 1  2  3  4]
 [ 1  1  1  1]
 [ 5  6  7  8]
 [ 9 10 11 12]]

q2 = np.insert(matrix, 0, [1,1,1], 1)
print(’>>>>q2>>>>\n’,q2)

[[ 1 1 2 3 4]
[ 1 5 6 7 8]
[ 1 9 10 11 12]]

q3 = np.insert(matrix, 3, [1,1,1,1], 0)
print(’>>>>q3>>>>\n’,q3)

[[ 1 2 3 4]
[ 5 6 7 8]
[ 9 10 11 12]
[ 1 1 1 1]]

import numpy as np
c = [
[1,2,3,4],
[5,6,7,8],
[9,10,11,12]
]
m1 = np.append(c,[[2,2,2,2]],axis=0)
print('m1----\n',m1)

m1----
 [[ 1  2  3  4]
 [ 5  6  7  8]
 [ 9 10 11 12]
 [ 2  2  2  2]]

m2 = np.append(matrix,[[1],[1],[1]],axis=1)
print(’>>>>m2>>>>\n’,m2)
m3 = np.append(matrix,[1,1,1,1])
print(’>>>>m3>>>>\n’,m3)

m2>>>>
[[ 1 2 3 4 1]
[ 5 6 7 8 1]
[ 9 10 11 12 1]]

m3>>>>
[ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 1 1 1]

import numpy as np
a1 = np.random.choice(7,5) 
a1

array([5, 4, 4, 3, 2])

a2 = np.random.choice([0,1,2,3,4,5,6],5) # 从给定list中随机选择5个数组成一维数组
a2

a3 = np.random.choice(np.array([0,1,2,3,4,5,6]),5) # 将list换成array数组依然可以运行，效果一致
a3

array([5, 6, 2, 2, 5])

a4 = np.random.choice([0,1,2,3,4,5,6],5,replace=False) # 上述均有重复，将replace设置为False，即可按要求没有重复的选取

array([5, 4, 6, 3, 1])

a5 = np.random.choice(np.array([0,1,2,3,4,5,6]),5,p=[0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.4])
a5

array([3, 2, 6, 3, 3])

import numpy as np
a = np.array([[1,1,1],[2,2,2],[5,3,6]])
print(a)

[[1 1 1]
 [2 2 2]
 [5 3 6]]

b1 = np.argmax(a) # 将数组a拉平，最大值索引为9(初始索引为0)
print(b1)

8

b2 = np.argmax(a, axis=0) # 按列选取最大值的索引
print(b2)

[2 2 2]

b3 = np.argmax(a, axis=1) # 按行选取最大值的索引
print(b3)

[0 0 2]

import numpy as np
y1 = np.linspace(-5.0,5.0) # 默认生成50个数
print(y1)

[-5.         -4.79591837 -4.59183673 -4.3877551  -4.18367347 -3.97959184
 -3.7755102  -3.57142857 -3.36734694 -3.16326531 -2.95918367 -2.75510204
 -2.55102041 -2.34693878 -2.14285714 -1.93877551 -1.73469388 -1.53061224
 -1.32653061 -1.12244898 -0.91836735 -0.71428571 -0.51020408 -0.30612245
 -0.10204082  0.10204082  0.30612245  0.51020408  0.71428571  0.91836735
  1.12244898  1.32653061  1.53061224  1.73469388  1.93877551  2.14285714
  2.34693878  2.55102041  2.75510204  2.95918367  3.16326531  3.36734694
  3.57142857  3.7755102   3.97959184  4.18367347  4.3877551   4.59183673
  4.79591837  5.        ]

Process finished with exit code 0

y2 = np.linspace(1,10,10) # 生成10个数据，包括首尾
y2

array([ 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9., 10.])

y3 = np.linspace(1,10,10,endpoint=False) # 不包括尾部数据
y3

array([1. , 1.9, 2.8, 3.7, 4.6, 5.5, 6.4, 7.3, 8.2, 9.1])

y4= np.linspace(1, 10, 6, retstep=True) # 将步长与结果的数组放入一个list、
y4

(array([ 1. , 2.8, 4.6, 6.4, 8.2, 10. ]), 1.8)

import numpy as np
x = np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[1,2,3]])
x.flatten()

array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3])

x.ravel()

array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3])

x.ravel(‘F’)

array([1, 4, 1, 2, 5, 2, 3, 6, 3])

x.flatten()[1] = 20
x

array([[1, 2, 3],
[4, 5, 6],
[1, 2, 3]])

x.ravel()[1] = 20
x

array([[ 1, 20, 3],
[ 4, 5, 6],
[ 1, 2, 3]])

x.reshape(1,-1

array([[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 3]])

x[:,None]

array([[1],
[2],
[3],
[6],
[7],
[8]])

x[np.newaxis, :] 

array([[1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8]])

import numpy as np
x = np.array([[1,2,3],[-3,2,4],[5,-2,9]])
print(x

[[ 1  2  3]
 [-3  2  4]
 [ 5 -2  9]]

y1 = np.maximum(0,x) # 把小于0的元素置0，比改变x的值
y1

[[1, 2, 3],
[0, 2, 4],
[5, 0, 9]]

y2 = np.minimum(0,x) # 把大于0的元素置0，不改变x的值
y2

[[ 0, 0, 0],
[-3, 0, 0],
[ 0, -2, 0]]

x1 = x.copy()
x1

[[ 1, 2, 3],
[-3, 2, 4],
[ 5, -2, 9]]

x1[x1 < 0] = 0 # 把小于0的元素置0，改变x1的值
x1

[[1, 2, 3],
[0, 2, 4],
[5, 0, 9]

x2 = x.copy()
x2[x2 > 0] = 0 # 把大于0的元素置0，改变x2的值
x2

[[ 0, 0, 0],
[-3, 0, 0],
[ 0, -2, 0]]

import numpy as np
x = np.array([[1,2,3],[-3,2,4],[5,-2,9]])
print(x)

[[ 1  2  3]
 [-3  2  4]
 [ 5 -2  9]]

x1 = x.copy() # copy()，开辟新地址
x1[x1 > 0] = 0
x1

[[ 0, 0, 0],
[-3, 0, 0],
[ 0, -2, 0]]

x # x不变

[[ 1, 2, 3],
[-3, 2, 4],
[ 5, -2, 9]]

x2 = x 

[[ 1, 2, 3],
[-3, 2, 4],
[ 5, -2, 9]]

x2[x2>0] = 0
x2

[[ 0, 0, 0],
[-3, 0, 0],
[ 0, -2, 0]]

x = np.array([[1,2,3],[-3,2,4],[5,-2,9]])
x3 = x[2] # 取x的第3行
x3

[ 5, -2, 9]

x3[2] = 100 # 将x3第3个元素置100
x # x中对应的元素置也被置成100了

[[ 1, 2, 3],
[ -3, 2, 4],
[ 5, -2, 100]]

import numpy as np
x = np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]])
np.zeros_like(x)
print(x)

[[1 2 3]
 [4 5 6]]

import numpy as np
n = np.random.rand(3,4)
print(n)

[[0.14819249 0.11701437 0.16454841 0.51308638]
 [0.01351841 0.94086185 0.2064842  0.16641379]
 [0.40760857 0.58683672 0.34788573 0.87982704]]

import numpy as np
x = np.random.randn(2,3)
print(x

[[-1.83192177 -0.3535477   0.07111869]
 [ 1.23083173  0.45540563 -0.60378926]]

y = np.multiply(0.1,np.random.randn(2,3))+0.5 # 一般正太分布
y

[[0.49305173, 0.36802044, 0.48699281],
[0.45197275, 0.53837051, 0.60022348]]

import numpy as np
z = np.random.randint(2,9,(2,3))
print(

[[4 4 2]
 [8 6 4]]

m = np.random.randint(9,size = (2,3))
m

[[4, 0, 2],
[5, 2, 8]]

import numpy as np
A = np.arange(95,99).reshape(2,2)
print(A)

[[95 96]
 [97 98]]

import numpy as np
b = np.array([[[1,2],[3,4]],[[3,4],[7,8]],[[4,5],[1,2]]])
print(b)

[[[1 2]
  [3 4]]

 [[3 4]
  [7 8]]

 [[4 5]
  [1 2]]]

Process finished with exit code 0

np.pad(b, ((0,0),(1,1),(1,1)), ‘constant’, constant_values = 0)

[[0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 2, 0],
[0, 3, 4, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0]]

import numpy as np
x = np.empty([3,2], dtype = int)
print (x)

[[1952671088 1752440947]
 [1886593125 1768779105]
 [1914726515 1952804965]]

import numpy as np
c = np.array([[1,2],[3,4]])
c

import numpy as np
c = np.array([[1,2],[3,4]])
print(c)

[[1 2]
 [3 4]]

c.astype(np.float32)

([[1., 2.],
[3., 4.]], dtype=float32)

import numpy as np
x = np.array([1,3,5])
y = np.array([4,6])
XX,YY = np.meshgrid(x,y)
print(XX)

[[1 3 5]
 [1 3 5]]

YY

[[4, 4, 4],
[6, 6, 6]]

import numpy as np
x = np.array([[3,4,5],[1,3,4]])
y = np.array([[1,1,1],[2,2,2]])
np.hstack((x,y))
print(x,y)

[[3 4 5]
 [1 3 4]] [[1 1 1]
 [2 2 2]]

import numpy as np
a = np.array([0.125,0.568,5.688])
np.round(a) # 四舍五入取整， np.around 和 round 用法一致

[0., 1., 6.])

np.round(a,decimals = 2) # 四舍五入保留2位小数

[0.12, 0.57, 5.69]

np.floor(a) # 向下取整

[0., 0., 5.]

np.ceil(a) # 向上取整

[1., 1., 6.]

import numpy as np
a = np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]])
a = np.array([[1,2,3,6],[4,5,6,6]])
a1 = a.reshape((1,2,4))
print（a1）

[[[1, 2, 3, 6],
[4, 5, 6, 6]]]

b = np.array([[3,4,5,6],[1,2,3,4],[4,5,5,5]])
b

[[3, 4, 5, 6],
[1, 2, 3, 4],
[4, 5, 5, 5]]

b1 = b.reshape((1,3,4)).transpose((1,0,2))
b1

[[3, 4, 5, 6]]

import numpy as np
a = np.array([2,2,3,4,5,5,6,7])

print(a[0::2])

[2 3 5 6]

a[::-1]

[7, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 2, 2]

import numpy as np
a = np.array([2,2,3,4,5,5,6,7])
s = slice(0,7,2)
print(a[s])

[2 3 5 6]