Python 基于透明元素裁切图片（类似Photoshop）

本文测试图像及其代码下载

问题描述

实现类似Photoshop的基于透明元素裁切图片

1.png

2.jpg

3.png

4.png

5.png

6.png

解决方案

遍历图像数组找出裁切图片的左上角、右下角坐标

import cv2
from PIL import Image


def cv2_crop(im, box):
    '''cv2实现类似PIL的裁剪

    :param im: cv2加载好的图像
    :param box: 裁剪的矩形，(left, upper, right, lower)元组
    '''
    return im.copy()[box[1]:box[3], box[0]:box[2], :]


def get_transparency_location(image):
    '''获取基于透明元素裁切图片的左上角、右下角坐标

    :param image: cv2加载好的图像
    :return: (left, upper, right, lower)元组
    '''
    # 1. 扫描获得最左边透明点和最右边透明点坐标
    height, width, channel = image.shape  # 高、宽、通道数
    assert channel == 4  # 无透明通道报错
    first_location = None  # 最先遇到的透明点
    last_location = None  # 最后遇到的透明点
    first_transparency = []  # 从左往右最先遇到的透明点，元素个数小于等于图像高度
    last_transparency = []  # 从左往右最后遇到的透明点，元素个数小于等于图像高度
    for y, rows in enumerate(image):
        for x, BGRA in enumerate(rows):
            alpha = BGRA[3]
            if alpha != 0:
                if not first_location or first_location[1] != y:  # 透明点未赋值或为同一列
                    first_location = (x, y)  # 更新最先遇到的透明点
                    first_transparency.append(first_location)
                last_location = (x, y)  # 更新最后遇到的透明点
        if last_location:
            last_transparency.append(last_location)

    # 2. 矩形四个边的中点
    top = first_transparency[0]
    bottom = first_transparency[-1]
    left = None
    right = None
    for first, last in zip(first_transparency, last_transparency):
        if not left:
            left = first
        if not right:
            right = last
        if first[0] < left[0]:
            left = first
        if last[0] > right[0]:
            right = last

    # 3. 左上角、右下角
    upper_left = (left[0], top[1])  # 左上角
    bottom_right = (right[0], bottom[1])  # 右下角

    return upper_left[0], upper_left[1], bottom_right[0], bottom_right[1]


if __name__ == '__main__':
    image = cv2.imread('1.png', cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)  # 读取图片
    # image = cv2.imread('2.jpg')
    # image = cv2.imread('3.png', cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)
    # image = cv2.imread('4.png', cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)
    # image = cv2.imread('5.png', cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)
    # image = cv2.imread('6.png', cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)
    cv2.imshow('1', image)

    # 保存裁剪后图片
    box = get_transparency_location(image)
    result = cv2_crop(image, box)
    cv2.imshow('result', result)
    cv2.waitKey(0)
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()
    cv2.imwrite('result.png', image)

效果

参考文献

1. Pillow (PIL) 文档