装饰器模式(DecoratorPattern)允许向一个现有的对象添加新的功能,同时又不改变其结构。这种类型的设计模式属于结构型模式,它是作为现有的类的一个包装。
优点:
装饰类和被装饰类可以独立发展,不会相互耦合,装饰模式是继承的一个替代模式,装饰模式可以动态扩展一个实现类的功能。
缺点:
多层装饰比较复杂。
使用:
1.扩展一个类的功能。
2.动态增加功能,动态撤销。
实现代码
public interface IShape {
void draw();
}
public class Circle implements IShape {
@Override
public void draw() {
System.out.println("Shape: Circle");
}
}
public class Rectangle implements IShape {
@Override
public void draw() {
System.out.println("Shape: Rectangle");
}
}
public abstract class ShapeDecorator implements IShape {
protected IShape decoratedShape;
public ShapeDecorator(IShape decoratedShape) {
this.decoratedShape = decoratedShape;
}
public void draw() {
decoratedShape.draw();
}
}
public class RedShapeDecorator extends ShapeDecorator {
public RedShapeDecorator(IShape decoratedShape) {
super(decoratedShape);
}
public void draw() {
decoratedShape.draw();
setRedBorder(decoratedShape);
}
private void setRedBorder(IShape decoratedShape) {
System.out.println("Border Color: Red");
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
IShape circle = new Circle();
IShape redCircle = new RedShapeDecorator(new Circle());
IShape redRectangle = new RedShapeDecorator(new Rectangle());
// System.out.println("Circle with normal border");
// circle.draw();
System.out.println("\nCircle of red border");
redCircle.draw();
// System.out.println("\nRectangle of red border");
// redRectangle.draw();
}
}