tensorflow71 《深度学习原理与TensorFlow实战》05 RNN能说会道 02语言模型

01 基本信息

#《深度学习原理与TensorFlow实战》05 RNN能说会道
# 书源码地址:https://github.com/DeepVisionTeam/TensorFlowBook.git
# 视频讲座地址：http://edu.csdn.net/course/detail/5222
# win10 Tensorflow1.2.0 python3.6.1
# CUDA v8.0 cudnn-8.0-windows10-x64-v5.1
# 本地代码位置：D:\git\DeepLearning\TensorFlowBook\rnn\language_model
# https://github.com/DeepVisionTeam/TensorFlowBook/blob/master/rnn/language_model/tclm.py
# https://github.com/DeepVisionTeam/TensorFlowBook/blob/master/rnn/language_model/tclm_inference.py
# https://github.com/DeepVisionTeam/TensorFlowBook/blob/master/rnn/language_model/tclm_reader.py
# https://github.com/DeepVisionTeam/TensorFlowBook/blob/master/rnn/language_model/tensorflow_code_stat.py
# https://github.com/DeepVisionTeam/TensorFlowBook/blob/master/rnn/language_model/test_tclm_reader.py
# 在tensorflow1.2.0版本上，需要稍作修改

02 tclm.py

# 注意需要制定正确的参数 
# C:\Python36\python.exe D:/git/DeepLearning/TensorFlowBook/rnn/language_model/tclm.py --data_path=..\..\..\tensorflow --model=small --save_path=.\savepath --use_fp16=True
# 
# Copyright 2015 The TensorFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ==============================================================================

"""Example / benchmark for building a PTB LSTM model.

Trains the model described in:
(Zaremba, et. al.) Recurrent Neural Network Regularization
http://arxiv.org/abs/1409.2329

There are 3 supported model configurations:
===========================================
| config | epochs | train | valid    | test
===========================================
| small    | 13         | 37.99 | 121.39 | 115.91
| medium | 39         | 48.45 |    86.16 |    82.07
| large    | 55         | 37.87 |    82.62 |    78.29
The exact results may vary depending on the random initialization.

The hyperparameters used in the model:
- init_scale - the initial scale of the weights
- learning_rate - the initial value of the learning rate
- max_grad_norm - the maximum permissible norm of the gradient
- num_layers - the number of LSTM layers
- num_steps - the number of unrolled steps of LSTM
- hidden_size - the number of LSTM units
- max_epoch - the number of epochs trained with the initial learning rate
- max_max_epoch - the total number of epochs for training
- keep_prob - the probability of keeping weights in the dropout layer
- lr_decay - the decay of the learning rate for each epoch after "max_epoch"
- batch_size - the batch size

The data required for this example is in the data/ dir of the
PTB dataset from Tomas Mikolov's webpage:

$ wget http://www.fit.vutbr.cz/~imikolov/rnnlm/simple-examples.tgz
$ tar xvf simple-examples.tgz

To run:

$ python ptb_word_lm.py --data_path=simple-examples/data/

"""
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

import time

import numpy as np
import tclm_reader
import tensorflow as tf
#from tensorflow.contrib.rnn.python.ops import core_rnn_cell
#from tensorflow.contrib.rnn.python.ops import lstm_ops
from tensorflow.contrib import rnn

flags = tf.flags
logging = tf.logging

flags.DEFINE_string("model", "small",
                    "A type of model. Possible options are: small, medium, large.")
flags.DEFINE_string("data_path", None,
                    "Where the training/test data is stored.")
flags.DEFINE_string("save_path", None, "Model output directory.")
flags.DEFINE_bool("use_fp16", False,
                  "Train using 16-bit floats instead of 32bit floats")

FLAGS = flags.FLAGS


def data_type():
    return tf.float16 if FLAGS.use_fp16 else tf.float32


class PTBInput(object):
    """The input data."""

    def __init__(self, config, data, name=None):
        self.batch_size = batch_size = config.batch_size
        self.num_steps = num_steps = config.num_steps
        self.epoch_size = ((len(data) // batch_size) - 1) // num_steps
        self.input_data, self.targets = tclm_reader.tensorflow_code_producer(
            data, batch_size, num_steps, name=name)


class PTBModel(object):
    """The PTB model."""

    def __init__(self, is_training, config, input_):
        self._input = input_

        batch_size = input_.batch_size
        num_steps = input_.num_steps
        size = config.hidden_size
        vocab_size = config.vocab_size

        # Slightly better results can be obtained with forget gate biases
        # initialized to 1 but the hyperparameters of the model would need to be
        # different than reported in the paper.
        lstm_cell = rnn.BasicLSTMCell(num_units=size, state_is_tuple=True)
        #lstm_cell = core_rnn_cell.BasicLSTMCell(num_units=size, state_is_tuple=True)
        if is_training and config.keep_prob < 1:
            lstm_cell = tf.contrib.rnn.DropoutWrapper(
                lstm_cell, output_keep_prob=config.keep_prob)
        cell = rnn.MultiRNNCell(
            [lstm_cell] * config.num_layers, state_is_tuple=True)

        self._initial_state = cell.zero_state(batch_size, data_type())

        with tf.device("/cpu:0"):
            embedding = tf.get_variable(
                "embedding", [vocab_size, size], dtype=data_type())
            inputs = tf.nn.embedding_lookup(embedding, input_.input_data)

        if is_training and config.keep_prob < 1:
            inputs = tf.nn.dropout(inputs, config.keep_prob)

        outputs = []
        state = self._initial_state
        with tf.variable_scope("RNN"):
            for time_step in range(num_steps):
                if time_step > 0: tf.get_variable_scope().reuse_variables()
                (cell_output, state) = cell(inputs[:, time_step, :], state)
                outputs.append(cell_output)

        output = tf.reshape(tf.concat(outputs, 1), [-1, size])
        softmax_w = tf.get_variable(
            "softmax_w", [size, vocab_size], dtype=data_type())
        softmax_b = tf.get_variable("softmax_b", [vocab_size],
                                    dtype=data_type())
        logits = tf.matmul(output, softmax_w) + softmax_b
        loss = tf.contrib.legacy_seq2seq.sequence_loss_by_example(
            [logits],
            [tf.reshape(input_.targets, [-1])],
            [tf.ones([batch_size * num_steps], dtype=data_type())])
        self._cost = cost = tf.reduce_sum(loss) / batch_size
        self._final_state = state

        if not is_training:
            return

        self._lr = tf.Variable(0.0, trainable=False)
        tvars = tf.trainable_variables()
        grads, _ = tf.clip_by_global_norm(tf.gradients(cost, tvars),
                                          config.max_grad_norm)
        optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(self._lr)
        self._train_op = optimizer.apply_gradients(
            zip(grads, tvars),
            global_step=tf.contrib.framework.get_or_create_global_step())

        self._new_lr = tf.placeholder(
            tf.float32, shape=[], name="new_learning_rate")
        self._lr_update = tf.assign(self._lr, self._new_lr)

    def assign_lr(self, session, lr_value):
        session.run(self._lr_update, feed_dict={self._new_lr: lr_value})

    @property
    def input(self):
        return self._input

    @property
    def initial_state(self):
        return self._initial_state

    @property
    def cost(self):
        return self._cost

    @property
    def final_state(self):
        return self._final_state

    @property
    def lr(self):
        return self._lr

    @property
    def train_op(self):
        return self._train_op


class SmallConfig(object):
    """Small config."""
    init_scale = 0.1
    learning_rate = 1.0
    max_grad_norm = 5
    num_layers = 2
    num_steps = 20
    hidden_size = 200
    max_epoch = 4
    max_max_epoch = 13
    keep_prob = 1.0
    lr_decay = 0.5
    batch_size = 20
    vocab_size = tclm_reader.VOCAB_SIZE


class MediumConfig(object):
    """Medium config."""
    init_scale = 0.05
    learning_rate = 1.0
    max_grad_norm = 5
    num_layers = 2
    num_steps = 35
    hidden_size = 650
    max_epoch = 6
    max_max_epoch = 39
    keep_prob = 0.5
    lr_decay = 0.8
    batch_size = 20
    vocab_size = tclm_reader.VOCAB_SIZE


class LargeConfig(object):
    """Large config."""
    init_scale = 0.04
    learning_rate = 1.0
    max_grad_norm = 10
    num_layers = 2
    num_steps = 35
    hidden_size = 1500
    max_epoch = 14
    max_max_epoch = 55
    keep_prob = 0.35
    lr_decay = 1 / 1.15
    batch_size = 20
    vocab_size = tclm_reader.VOCAB_SIZE


class TestConfig(object):
    """Tiny config, for testing."""
    init_scale = 0.1
    learning_rate = 1.0
    max_grad_norm = 1
    num_layers = 1
    num_steps = 2
    hidden_size = 2
    max_epoch = 1
    max_max_epoch = 1
    keep_prob = 1.0
    lr_decay = 0.5
    batch_size = 20
    vocab_size = tclm_reader.VOCAB_SIZE


def run_epoch(session, model, eval_op=None, verbose=False):
    """Runs the model on the given data."""
    start_time = time.time()
    costs = 0.0
    iters = 0
    state = session.run(model.initial_state)

    fetches = {
        "cost": model.cost,
        "final_state": model.final_state,
    }
    if eval_op is not None:
        fetches["eval_op"] = eval_op

    for step in range(model.input.epoch_size):
        feed_dict = {}
        for i, (c, h) in enumerate(model.initial_state):
            feed_dict[c] = state[i].c
            feed_dict[h] = state[i].h

        vals = session.run(fetches, feed_dict)
        cost = vals["cost"]
        state = vals["final_state"]

        costs += cost
        iters += model.input.num_steps

        if verbose and step % (model.input.epoch_size // 10) == 10:
            print("%.3f perplexity: %.3f speed: %.0f wps" %
                  (step * 1.0 / model.input.epoch_size, np.exp(costs / iters),
                   iters * model.input.batch_size / (time.time() - start_time)))

    return np.exp(costs / iters)


def get_config():
    if FLAGS.model == "small":
        return SmallConfig()
    elif FLAGS.model == "medium":
        return MediumConfig()
    elif FLAGS.model == "large":
        return LargeConfig()
    elif FLAGS.model == "test":
        return TestConfig()
    else:
        raise ValueError("Invalid model: %s", FLAGS.model)


def main(_):
    if not FLAGS.data_path:
        raise ValueError(
            "Must set --data_path to tensorflow source code directory")

    raw_data = tclm_reader.tensorflow_code_data(FLAGS.data_path)
    train_data, valid_data, test_data = raw_data

    config = get_config()
    eval_config = get_config()
    eval_config.batch_size = 1
    eval_config.num_steps = 1

    with tf.Graph().as_default():
        initializer = tf.random_uniform_initializer(-config.init_scale,
                                                    config.init_scale)

        with tf.name_scope("Train"):
            train_input = PTBInput(config=config, data=train_data,
                                   name="TrainInput")
            with tf.variable_scope("Model", reuse=None,
                                   initializer=initializer):
                m = PTBModel(is_training=True, config=config,
                             input_=train_input)
            tf.summary.scalar("Training Loss", m.cost)
            tf.summary.scalar("Learning Rate", m.lr)

        with tf.name_scope("Valid"):
            valid_input = PTBInput(config=config, data=valid_data,
                                   name="ValidInput")
            with tf.variable_scope("Model", reuse=True,
                                   initializer=initializer):
                mvalid = PTBModel(is_training=False, config=config,
                                  input_=valid_input)
            tf.summary.scalar("Validation Loss", mvalid.cost)

        with tf.name_scope("Test"):
            test_input = PTBInput(config=eval_config, data=test_data,
                                  name="TestInput")
            with tf.variable_scope("Model", reuse=True,
                                   initializer=initializer):
                mtest = PTBModel(is_training=False, config=eval_config,
                                 input_=test_input)

        sv = tf.train.Supervisor(logdir=FLAGS.save_path)
        with sv.managed_session() as session:
            for i in range(config.max_max_epoch):
                lr_decay = config.lr_decay ** max(i + 1 - config.max_epoch, 0.0)
                m.assign_lr(session, config.learning_rate * lr_decay)

                print("Epoch: %d Learning rate: %.3f" % (
                i + 1, session.run(m.lr)))
                train_perplexity = run_epoch(session, m, eval_op=m.train_op,
                                             verbose=True)
                print("Epoch: %d Train Perplexity: %.3f" % (
                i + 1, train_perplexity))
                valid_perplexity = run_epoch(session, mvalid)
                print("Epoch: %d Valid Perplexity: %.3f" % (
                i + 1, valid_perplexity))

            test_perplexity = run_epoch(session, mtest)
            print("Test Perplexity: %.3f" % test_perplexity)

            if FLAGS.save_path:
                print("Saving model to %s." % FLAGS.save_path)
                sv.saver.save(session, FLAGS.save_path,
                              global_step=sv.global_step)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    tf.app.run()
'''
...
Epoch: 1 Learning rate: 1.000
0.000 perplexity: 2.667 speed: 98 wps
...
'''

03 tclm_inference.py

# 注意制定参数 --save_path=./tc.lm
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

import tclm_reader
import tensorflow as tf
from tclm import *


def main(_):
    # $ python tclm_inference.py --save_path=./tc.lm/
    if not FLAGS.save_path:
        raise ValueError("Must set --save_path to language model directory")

    test_data = [tclm_reader.BOF] * 500

    config = get_config()
    eval_config = get_config()
    eval_config.batch_size = 1
    eval_config.num_steps = 1

    with tf.Graph().as_default():
        initializer = tf.random_uniform_initializer(-config.init_scale,
                                                    config.init_scale)
        with tf.name_scope("Train"):
            test_input = PTBInput(config=config, data=test_data,
                                  name="TestInput")
            with tf.variable_scope("Model", reuse=None,
                                   initializer=initializer):
                mtest = PTBModel(is_training=True, config=eval_config,
                                 input_=test_input)
            tf.summary.scalar("Training Loss", mtest.cost)
            tf.summary.scalar("Learning Rate", mtest.lr)

        sv = tf.train.Supervisor(logdir=FLAGS.save_path)
        with sv.managed_session() as session:
            ckpt = tf.train.get_checkpoint_state(FLAGS.save_path)
            if ckpt and ckpt.model_checkpoint_path:
                sv.saver.restore(session, ckpt.model_checkpoint_path)
                test_perplexity = run_epoch(session, mtest)
                print("Test Perplexity: %.3f" % test_perplexity)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    tf.app.run()

04 tclm_reader.py

# Copyright 2015 The TensorFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ==============================================================================
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

import os

import tensorflow as tf

MAX_CHAR = 256
BOF = MAX_CHAR + 1
EOF = MAX_CHAR + 2
VOCAB_SIZE = MAX_CHAR + 3


def get_file_suffix(file):
    index = file.rfind('.')
    return file[index + 1:] if index >= 0 else ''


def read_source_code_data(code_files):
    data = []
    for code_file in code_files:
        file_r = open(code_file, 'r', encoding='UTF-8')
        curr_data = []
        curr_data.append(BOF)
        for dataline in file_r:
            for c in dataline:
                curr_data.append(ord(c))
        curr_data.append(EOF)
        data.extend(curr_data)
        file_r.close()
    return data


def tensorflow_code_data(data_path=None):
    # find all python source code
    tensorflow_code_files = []
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(data_path):
        for file in files:
            code_file = os.path.join(root, file)
            file_suffix = get_file_suffix(code_file)
            if file_suffix == 'py':
                tensorflow_code_files.append(code_file)

    train_code_file_count = int(len(tensorflow_code_files) * 0.5)
    valid_code_file_count = int(len(tensorflow_code_files) * 0.3)
    # test_code_file_count = int(len(tensorflow_code_files) * 0.2)
    train_data = read_source_code_data(
        tensorflow_code_files[0: train_code_file_count])
    valid_data = read_source_code_data(tensorflow_code_files[
                                       train_code_file_count: train_code_file_count + valid_code_file_count])
    test_data = read_source_code_data(
        tensorflow_code_files[train_code_file_count + valid_code_file_count:])
    return train_data, valid_data, test_data


def tensorflow_code_producer(raw_data, batch_size, num_steps, name=None):
    """Iterate on the raw PTB data.

    This chunks up raw_data into batches of examples and returns Tensors that
    are drawn from these batches.

    Args:
        raw_data: one of the raw data outputs from ptb_raw_data.
        batch_size: int, the batch size.
        num_steps: int, the number of unrolls.
        name: the name of this operation (optional).

    Returns:
        A pair of Tensors, each shaped [batch_size, num_steps].
        The second element of the tuple is the same data time-shifted to the right by one.

    Raises:
        tf.errors.InvalidArgumentError: if batch_size or num_steps are too high.
    """
    with tf.name_scope(name, "TensorflowCodeProducer",
                       [raw_data, batch_size, num_steps]):
        raw_data = tf.convert_to_tensor(raw_data, name="raw_data",
                                        dtype=tf.int32)

        data_len = tf.size(raw_data)
        batch_len = data_len // batch_size
        data = tf.reshape(raw_data[0: batch_size * batch_len],
                          [batch_size, batch_len])

        epoch_size = (batch_len - 1) // num_steps
        assertion = tf.assert_positive(
            epoch_size,
            message="epoch_size == 0, decrease batch_size or num_steps")
        with tf.control_dependencies([assertion]):
            epoch_size = tf.identity(epoch_size, name="epoch_size")

        i = tf.train.range_input_producer(epoch_size, shuffle=False).dequeue()
        x = tf.slice(data, [0, i * num_steps], [batch_size, num_steps])
        x.set_shape([batch_size, num_steps])
        y = tf.slice(data, [0, i * num_steps + 1], [batch_size, num_steps])
        y.set_shape([batch_size, num_steps])
        return x, y

05 tensorflow_code_stat.py

“`
import os

source code file count result:

cc 1309

md 1242

py 1235

h 734

html 107

ts 95

sh 81

proto 57

json 49

java 34

def get_file_suffix(file):
index = file.rfind(‘.’)
return file[index + 1:] if index >= 0 else ”

char frequency in py source code

def tensorflow_code_stat(data_path):
tensorflow_code_files = []
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(data_path):
for file in files:
code_file = os.path.join(root, file)
file_suffix = get_file_suffix(code_file)
if file_suffix == ‘py’:
tensorflow_code_files.append(code_file)

dict_c = {}
for code_file in tensorflow_code_files:
    file_r = open(code_file, 'r', encoding='UTF-8')
    for data in file_r:
        for c in data:
            if c in dict_c:
                dict_c[c] += 1
            else:
                dict_c[c] = 1
    file_r.close()

for c, c_freq in dict_c.items():
    print(c + '\t' + str(ord(c)) + '\t' + str(c_freq))

if name == “main“:
# 需要注意这里的目录i相对位置，或者用绝对路径
tensorflow_code_stat(‘../../../tensorflow/tensorflow/’)
”’

35 278507

32  22269644

C 67 195582
o 111 4482778
p 112 2767253
y 121 865716
r 114 4523279
i 105 4313868
g 103 1117762
h 104 1593713
t 116 6038934
2 50 356485
0 48 468573
1 49 448245
5 53 86463
T 84 453378
e 101 8656155
n 110 4455952
s 115 5930738
F 70 171095
l 108 3345283
w 119 594435
A 65 334059
u 117 2178558
. 46 2103344
R 82 262307
v 118 686076
d 100 2250758

10 3013538 L 76 184014 c 99 1968624 a 97 5034509 , 44 1604448 V 86 85934 ( 40 1317136 ” 34 811601 ) 41 1314840 ; 59 14841 m 109 1774492 f 102 1967961 x 120 463544 Y 89 39030 b 98 868729

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I 73 267985
E 69 342527
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- 45 162396
U 85 79575
q 113 209850
B 66 73496
W 87 60815
H 72 55985
O 79 195138
D 68 190840
K 75 29106
= 61 1550312
_ 95 2931524
* 42 78463
z 122 196614
’ 39 379320
k 107 322629
7 55 39329
G 71 81447
[ 91 417829
] 93 417002
3 51 203258
+ 43 48685
4 52 114384
% 37 44444
@ 64 30535
P 80 104891
X 88 13313
6 54 91173
9 57 34282
8 56 49653
M 77 100858
{ 123 70433
} 125 70367

62 21221
< 60 14353
j 106 61869
| 124 4892
\ 92 69468
J 74 3632
! 33 7608
Z 90 5844
$ 36 1699
` 96 408658
^ 94 4767
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ф 1092 40
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в 1074 40
你 20320 10
好 22909 10
怎 24590 10
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а 1072 45
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д 1076 15
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н 1085 5
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м 1084 5
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要 35201 5
依 20381 5
法 27861 5
治 27835 5
国 22269 5
是 26159 10
赞 36190 5
美 32654 5
那 37027 5
些 20123 5
谁 35841 5
公 20844 5
义 20041 5
的 30340 5
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惩 24809 5
罚 32602 5
恶 24694 5
人 20154 5
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非 38750 5
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⚡ 9889 10