今天学习了----Java的基本编程结构:
一、数据类型
Java有8个数据类型: byte, short, int, long, char, float, double, and boolean.
可以分成4组:
整型包括: byte
最小的整数类型
从-128到127之间。
工作时有用的数据从网络或文件流。
字节变量声明由字节使用的关键字。
short
有符号16位类型
从-32768~32767
int
最常用的整数类型
有符号32位类型
范围从-2,147,483,648到2,147,483,647
用于控制回路和索引数组。
最有效的类型
long
有符号64位类型
浮点型包括: float , double
字符型包括:字符,数字,字母
布尔型包括:true / false
二、操作符
赋值操作符
public class MainClass {
public static void main(String args[]) {
int a = 1;
int b = 2;
int c = 3;
a += 6;
b *= 5;
c += a * b;
c %= 4;
System.out.println("a = " + a);
System.out.println("b = " + b);
System.out.println("c = " + c);
}
}
增量递减运算符
public class MainClass{
public static void main(String[] arg){
double a = 12.12;
System.out.println( a-- );
System.out.println( a++ );
System.out.println( --a );
System.out.println( ++a );
}
}
算术运算符
+加法
-减法(也一元减号)
*乘法
/除法
%模
++增量
+=加法赋值
-=减法赋值
*=乘法赋值
/=除法赋值
%=模数分配
--递减
位运算符
A B A | B A & B A ^ B ~A
0 0 0 0 0 1
1 0 1 0 1 0
0 1 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 1 0 0
The Bitwise NOT
00101010 42
becomes
11010101
The Bitwise AND
00101010 42
& 00001111 15
__________
00001010 10
The Bitwise OR
00101010 42
| 00001111 15
_________
00101111 47
The Bitwise XOR
00101010 42
^ 00001111 15
_________
00100101 37
关系运算符
mport java.util.Random;
public class MainClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Random rand = new Random();
int i = rand.nextInt(100);
int j = rand.nextInt(100);
System.out.println("i = " + i);
System.out.println("j = " + j);
System.out.println("i > j is " + (i > j));
System.out.println("i < j is " + (i < j));
System.out.println("i >= j is " + (i >= j));
System.out.println("i <= j is " + (i <= j));
System.out.println("i == j is " + (i == j));
System.out.println("i != j is " + (i != j));
System.out.println("(i < 10) && (j < 10) is " + ((i < 10) && (j < 10)));
System.out.println("(i < 10) || (j < 10) is " + ((i < 10) || (j < 10)));
}
}
逻辑运算符
& Logical AND | Logical OR ^ Logical XOR (exclusive OR) || Short-circuit OR && Short-circuit AND ! Logical unary NOT &= AND assignment |= OR assignment ^= XOR assignment == Equal to != Not equal to ?: Ternary if-then-else
public static void main(String args[]) {
int i, k;
i = 10;
k = i < 0 ? -i : i; // get absolute value of i
System.out.print("Absolute value of ");
System.out.println(i + " is " + k);
i = -10;
k = i < 0 ? -i : i; // get absolute value of i
System.out.print("Absolute value of ");
System.out.println(i + " is " + k);
}
}