Python 测试类

1.创建一个类

class AnonymousSurvey():
    """收集匿名调查问卷的答案"""
    def __init__(self,question):
        """存储一个问题，并为存储答案做准备"""
        self.question = question
        self.responses = []
        """创建一个空列表用于存储答案"""

    def show_question(self):
        """显示调查问卷"""
        print("question")

    def store_response(self,new_response):
        """存储单份调查答卷"""
        self.responses.append(new_response)

    def show_results(self):
        """显示收集到的所有答案"""
        print("Survey results:")
        for response in self.responses:
            print('_' + response)

2. 验证AnonymousSurvey是否可用

from survey import AnonymousSurvey

"""定义一个问题，并创建一个表示调查的AnonymousSurvey"""
question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)

#显示问题，并存储答案

my_survey.show_question()
print("Enter 'q' an any time to quit.\n")
while True:
    response = input("language: ")
    if response == 'q':
        break

    my_survey.store_response(response)

#显示调查结果
print("\n Thank you to everyone who participated in the survey!")
my_survey.show_results()

3. 断言函数（方法）
   各种断言方法（常用的6个断言）：
   assertEqual(a,b) 核实 a == b
   assertNotEqual(a,b) 核实 a != b
   assertTrue(x) 核实x为 True
   assertFalse 核实x为 False
   assertIn(item,list) 核实 item 在 list 中
   assertNotIn(item,list) 核实 item不在list中

   使用这些方法可核实返回的值等于或不等于预期的值、返回的值为True或False、返回的值在列表中或不在列表中。
   你只能在继承unittest.TestCase的类中使用这些方法。

import unittest
from survey import AnonymousSurvey

class TestAnonymousSurvey(unittest.TestCase):
    """针对AnonymousSurvey类的测试"""
    def test_store_single_response(self):
        """测试单个答案会被存储"""
        question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
        my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
        my_survey.store_requestion('English')

        self.assertIn('English',my_survey.responses)

    def test_store_three_response(self):
        """测试三个答案会被妥善的存储"""
        question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
        my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
        responses = ['English','Spanish','Mandarin']
        """定义三个不同答案的列表"""
        for response in responses:
            my_survey.store_requestion(response)
            """使用for循环对每个答案都存储"""

        for response in responses:
            """使用for循环确认每个答案都包含在my_survey.responses中"""
            self.assertIn(response,my_survey.responses)

unittest.main

4.setup方法

import unittest
from survey import AnonymousSurvey

class TestAnonymousSurvey(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        """创建一个调查对象和一组答案，供测试使用
        setup做了两件事：1.创建一个调查对象；2.创建一个答案列表"""
        question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
        self.my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
        self.responses = ['English', 'Spanish', 'Chinese']

    def test_store_single_responses(self):
        """测试单个答案是否被存储"""
        self.my_survey.store_responses(self.responses[0])
        self.assertIn(self.responses[0], self.my_survey.responses)

    def test_store_Three_responses(self):
        """测试三个答案是否被存储"""
        for per in self.responses:
            self.my_survey.store_responses(per)
        for response in self.responses:
            self.assertIn(response, self.my_survey.responses)