Hadoop序列化

Hadoop序列化

目录

Hadoop序列化

一、序列化概述

二、实操

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一、序列化概述

1.什么是序列化

        序列化就是把内存中的对象，转换成字节序列（或其他数据传输协议）以便于存储到磁盘（持久化）和网络传输。

反序列化就是将收到字节序列（或其他数据传输协议）或者是磁盘的持久化数据，转换成内存中的对象。

2.为什么要序列化

        一般来说，“活的”对象只生存在内存里，关机断电就没有了。而且“活的”对象只能由本地的进程使用，不能被发送到网络上的另外一台计算机。 然而序列化可以存储“活的”对象，可以将“活的”对象发送到远程计算机。

3.为什么不用Java的序列化

        Java的序列化是一个重量级序列化框架（Serializable），一个对象被序列化后，会附带很多额外的信息（各种校验信息，Header，继承体系等），不便于在网络中高效传输。所以，Hadoop自己开发了一套序列化机制（Writable）。

4.Hadoop序列化特点

（1）紧凑 ：高效使用存储空间。

（2）快速：读写数据的额外开销小。

（3）互操作：支持多语言的交互

二、实操

（1）编写流量统计的Bean对象

/**
 * @author LS
 * @date 2021/12/13 16:30
 * @description
 */
public class FlowBean implements Writable {

    private long upFlow;
    private long downFlow;
    private long sumFlow;

    public FlowBean() {
    }

    public long getUpFlow() {
        return upFlow;
    }

    public void setUpFlow(long upFlow) {
        this.upFlow = upFlow;
    }

    public long getDownFlow() {
        return downFlow;
    }

    public void setDownFlow(long downFlow) {
        this.downFlow = downFlow;
    }

    public long getSumFlow() {
        return sumFlow;
    }

    public void setSumFlow(long sumFlow) {
        this.sumFlow = sumFlow;
    }

    public void setSumFlow(){
        this.sumFlow = this.upFlow + this.downFlow;
    }

    @Override
    public void write(DataOutput dataOutput) throws IOException {
        dataOutput.writeLong(upFlow);
        dataOutput.writeLong(downFlow);
        dataOutput.writeLong(sumFlow);
    }

    @Override
    public void readFields(DataInput dataInput) throws IOException {
        this.upFlow = dataInput.readLong();
        this.downFlow = dataInput.readLong();
        this.sumFlow = dataInput.readLong();

    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "FlowBean{" +
                "upFlow=" + upFlow +
                ", downFlow=" + downFlow +
                ", sumFlow=" + sumFlow +
                '}';
    }
}

 （2）编写Mapper类

/**
 * @author LS
 * @date 2021/12/13 16:38
 * @description
 */
public class FlowMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable,Text,Text,FlowBean> {
    private Text outK = new Text();
    private FlowBean outV = new FlowBean();
    @Override
    protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        String line = value.toString();
        String[] split = line.split("\t");

        String phone = split[1];
        String up = split[split.length - 3];
        String down = split[split.length - 2];

        outK.set(phone);
        outV.setUpFlow(Long.parseLong(up));
        outV.setDownFlow(Long.parseLong(down));
        outV.setSumFlow();

        context.write(outK,outV);
    }
}

（3）编写Reducer类

/**
 * @author LS
 * @date 2021/12/13 16:55
 * @description
 */
public class FlowReducer extends Reducer <Text,FlowBean,Text,FlowBean>{
    private FlowBean outV = new FlowBean();

    @Override
    protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<FlowBean> values, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        long totalup = 0;
        long totaldown = 0;

        for (FlowBean value : values) {
            totalup += value.getUpFlow();
            totaldown += value.getDownFlow();
        }
        outV.setUpFlow(totalup);
        outV.setDownFlow(totaldown);
        outV.setSumFlow();

        context.write(key,outV);

    }
}

（4）编写Driver驱动类

/**
 * @author LS
 * @date 2021/12/14 8:29
 * @description
 */
public class FlowDriver {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException {
        Configuration conf = new Configuration();
        Job job = Job.getInstance(conf);
        job.setJarByClass(FlowDriver.class);
        job.setMapperClass(FlowMapper.class);
        job.setReducerClass(FlowReducer.class);
        job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
        job.setMapOutputValueClass(FlowBean.class);
        job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
        job.setOutputValueClass(FlowBean.class);
        FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path("F:\\phone_data.txt"));
        FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job,new Path("F\\writable"));
        job.waitForCompletion(true);
    }
}