项目：基于UDP的tftp客户端（下载）

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define PORT 69 //端口号的网络字节序 1024~49151
#define IP "192.168.10.109"//windows的
#define ERR_MSG(msg)do{\
	printf("line:%d",__LINE__);\
	perror(msg);\
}while(0)

int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	//创建报式套接字socket
	int cfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
	if(cfd < 0)
	{
		ERR_MSG("socket");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("socket create success line = %d\n",__LINE__);
	//
	int reuse = 1;
	if(setsockopt(cfd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,&reuse,sizeof(reuse))<0)
	{
		ERR_MSG("setsockopt");
		return -1;
	}
	//给snedto函数使用
	struct sockaddr_in sin;
	sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	sin.sin_port = htons(PORT);
	sin.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(IP);
	//组下载协议
	char buf[516] = "";
	short* ptr1 = (short*)buf;
	*ptr1 = htons(1);  //操作码下载 read
	char* ptr2 = buf+2;
	strcpy(ptr2,"5.png");//要下载的文件
	char *ptr3 = ptr2 + strlen(ptr2);
	*ptr3 = 0;
	char* ptr4 = ptr3 + 1;
	strcpy(ptr4,"octet");   //模式 ：二进制模式
	int size = 2+strlen(ptr2)+1+strlen(ptr4)+1;
	//sendto发送数据要指定发送的人
	if(sendto(cfd,buf,size,0,(struct sockaddr*)&sin,sizeof(sin)) < 0)
	{
		ERR_MSG("sendto");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("发送成功\n");
	struct sockaddr_in r;
	socklen_t len = sizeof(r);
	ssize_t res = 0;
	int fd = open("./copy.png",O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC,0775);
	if(fd < 0)
	{
		ERR_MSG("open");
	}
	while(1)
	{
		bzero(buf,sizeof(buf));
		res = recvfrom(cfd,buf,sizeof(buf),0,(struct sockaddr*)&r,&len);
		if(res < 0)
		{
			ERR_MSG("recvfrom");
			return -1;
		}
		short *s1 = (short*)buf;
		short a = ntohs(*s1);//把操作码拿出来作判断
		short* s2 = s1+1;
		short b = ntohs(*s2);//如果错了 才走
		char* s3 = (char*)(s2+1);//
		if(5 == a)
		{
			printf("操作码data错误\n");
			printf("差错码：%d\n",b);
			printf("差错信息：%s\n",s3);
			ERR_MSG("recvfrom");
			return -1;
		}
		write(fd,s3,res-4);
		*s1 = htons(4);  //操作码变成4（ASK）
		bzero(s3,512);
		if(sendto(cfd,buf,sizeof(buf),0,(struct sockaddr*)&r,len) < 0)
		{
			ERR_MSG("sendto");
			return -1;
		}
		if(res < 516)
		{
			printf("speak over \n");
			break;
		}
	}
	//关闭套接字
	close(cfd);
	return 0;
}