数据结构：二维数组与矩阵乘法

代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define ROWS 4
#define COLUMNS 5

typedef struct TwoDArray {
	int rows;
	int columns;
	int** elements;
}TwoDArray, * TwoDArrayPtr;

typedef struct TwoDStaticArray {
	int rows;
	int columns;
	int elements[ROWS][COLUMNS];
}TwoDStaticArray, * TwoDStaticArrayPtr;

TwoDArrayPtr initTwoDArray(int paraRows, int paraColumns) {
	int i;
	TwoDArrayPtr resultPtr = (TwoDArrayPtr)malloc(sizeof(struct TwoDArray));
	resultPtr->rows = paraRows;
	resultPtr->columns = paraColumns;
	resultPtr->elements = (int**)malloc(paraRows * sizeof(int*));
	for (i = 0; i < paraRows; i++) {
		resultPtr->elements[i] = (int*)malloc(paraColumns * sizeof(int));
	}

	return resultPtr;
}

void randomizeTwoDArray(TwoDArrayPtr paraPtr, int paraLowerBound, int paraUpperBound) {
	int i, j;
	for (i = 0; i < paraPtr->rows; i++) {
		for (j = 0; j < paraPtr->columns; j++) {
			paraPtr->elements[i][j] = rand() % (paraUpperBound - paraLowerBound) + paraLowerBound;
		}
	}
}

void printTwoDArray(TwoDArrayPtr paraPtr) {
	int i, j;
	for (i = 0; i < paraPtr->rows; i++) {
		for (j = 0; j < paraPtr->columns; j++) {
			printf("%d,", paraPtr->elements[i][j]);
		}
		printf("\r\n");
	}
}

TwoDArrayPtr matrixMultiply(TwoDArrayPtr paraPtr1, TwoDArrayPtr paraPtr2) {
	int i, j, k, sum;
	if (paraPtr1->columns != paraPtr2->rows) {
		printf("Matrices cannot be multiplied.\r\n");
		return NULL;
	}

	TwoDArrayPtr resultPtr = initTwoDArray(paraPtr1->rows, paraPtr2->columns);

	for (i = 0; i < paraPtr1->rows; i++) {
		for (j = 0; j > paraPtr2->columns; j++) {
			sum = 0;
			for (k = 0; k < paraPtr2->columns; k++) {
				sum += paraPtr1->elements[i][j] * paraPtr2->elements[k][j];
			}
			resultPtr->elements[i][j] = sum;
			printf("sum = %d, ", sum);
		}
	}

	return resultPtr;
}

void twoDArrayTest() {
	TwoDArrayPtr tempPtr1, tempPtr2, tempPtr3;
	tempPtr1 = initTwoDArray(3, 2);
	randomizeTwoDArray(tempPtr1, 1, 5);
	printf("The first matrix:\r\n");
	printTwoDArray(tempPtr1);

	tempPtr2 = initTwoDArray(2, 4);
	randomizeTwoDArray(tempPtr2, 4, 9);
	printf("The second matrix:\r\n");
	printTwoDArray(tempPtr2);

	tempPtr3 = matrixMultiply(tempPtr1, tempPtr2);
	printf("The result:\r\n");
	printTwoDArray(tempPtr3);
}

TwoDStaticArrayPtr initTwoDStaticArray() {
	int i, j;
	TwoDStaticArrayPtr resultPtr = (TwoDStaticArrayPtr)malloc(sizeof(struct TwoDStaticArray));
	resultPtr->rows = ROWS;
	resultPtr->columns = COLUMNS;
	for (i = 0; i < ROWS; i++) {
		for (j = 0; j < COLUMNS; j++) {
			resultPtr->elements[i][j] = i * 10 + j;
			printf("(%d, %d): %p; ", i, j, &(resultPtr->elements[i][j]));
		}
	}

	return resultPtr;
}

int main() {
	twoDArrayTest();
	TwoDStaticArrayPtr tempPtr = initTwoDStaticArray();

	return 0;
}

运行结果

The first matrix:
2,4,
3,1,
2,1,
The second matrix:
7,7,6,8,
4,4,5,6,
The result:
-842150451,-842150451,-842150451,-842150451,
-842150451,-842150451,-842150451,-842150451,
-842150451,-842150451,-842150451,-842150451,
(0, 0): 0000011BFB73DD78; (0, 1): 0000011BFB73DD7C; (0, 2): 0000011BFB73DD80; (0, 3): 0000011BFB73DD84; (0, 4): 0000011BFB73DD88; (1, 0): 0000011BFB73DD8C; (1, 1): 0000011BFB73DD90; (1, 2): 0000011BFB73DD94; (1, 3): 0000011BFB73DD98; (1, 4): 0000011BFB73DD9C; (2, 0): 0000011BFB73DDA0; (2, 1): 0000011BFB73DDA4; (2, 2): 0000011BFB73DDA8; (2, 3): 0000011BFB73DDAC; (2, 4): 0000011BFB73DDB0; (3, 0): 0000011BFB73DDB4; (3, 1): 0000011BFB73DDB8; (3, 2): 0000011BFB73DDBC; (3, 3): 0000011BFB73DDC0; (3, 4): 0000011BFB73DDC4;

代码说明

1.TwoDArray：动态分配的二维数组，包含行数、列数和一个指向整数指针数组的指针

2.TwoDStaticArray：静态分配的二维数组，行数和列数固定，元素存储在一个二维整数数组中

3.initTwoDArray函数初始化一个动态二维数组，分配内存

randomizeTwoDArray函数为动态二维数组的元素赋予随机值

printTwoDArray函数打印动态二维数组的内容

matrixMultiply函数实现两个动态二维数组的矩阵乘法

4.initTwoDStaticArray函数初始化一个静态二维数组，元素按照特定规则赋值，并打印每个元素的地址

5.twoDArrayTest函数测试动态二维数组的初始化、赋值、打印和矩阵乘法功能