matplotlib-04-绘制直方图

基本演示

和折现图相似 折线图

使用plt.hist(a, num_bin)绘制直方图 num_bin是组数

原始数据可以绘制直方图，如果初步统计了可以绘制为条形图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

# 中文
import matplotlib

font = {'family': 'MicroSoft Yahei',
        'weight': 'bold',
        'size': '10'}
matplotlib.rc('font', **font)

a = [131, 98, 125, 131, 124, 139, 131, 117, 128, 108, 135, 138, 131, 102, 107, 114, 119, 128, 121, 142, 127, 130, 124,
     101, 110, 116, 117, 110, 128, 128, 115, 99, 136, 126, 134, 95, 138, 117, 111, 78, 132, 124, 113, 150, 110, 117, 86,
     95, 144, 105, 126, 130, 126, 130, 126, 116, 123, 106, 112, 138, 123, 86, 101, 99, 136, 123, 117, 119, 105, 137,
     123, 128, 125, 104, 109, 134, 125, 127, 105, 120, 107, 129, 116, 108, 132, 103, 136, 118, 102, 120, 114, 105, 115,
     132, 145, 119, 121, 112, 139, 125, 138, 109, 132, 134, 156, 106, 117, 127, 144, 139, 139, 119, 140, 83, 110, 102,
     123, 107, 143, 115, 136, 118, 139, 123, 112, 118, 125, 109, 119, 133, 112, 114, 122, 109, 106, 123, 116, 131, 127,
     115, 118, 112, 135, 115, 146, 137, 116, 103, 144, 83, 123, 111, 110, 111, 100, 154, 136, 100, 118, 119, 133, 134,
     106, 129, 126, 110, 111, 109, 141, 120, 117, 106, 149, 122, 122, 110, 118, 127, 121, 114, 125, 126, 114, 140, 103,
     130, 141, 117, 106, 114, 121, 114, 133, 137, 92, 121, 112, 146, 97, 137, 105, 98, 117, 112, 81, 97, 139, 113, 134,
     106, 144, 110, 137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111, 101, 110, 105, 129, 137, 112, 120, 113, 133, 112, 83, 94, 146,
     133, 101, 131, 116, 111, 84, 137, 115, 122, 106, 144, 109, 123, 116, 111, 111, 133, 150]

# 计算组数
d = 6  # 组距
num_bin = (max(a) - min(a)) // d  # 组数，组距应该让正好可以整除

# 绘制频数分布直方图
# num_bin：组数
# plt.hist(a, num_bin)

# 绘制频率分布直方图
# num_bin：组数
plt.hist(a, num_bin, density=True)

# 设置x轴刻度
plt.xticks(range(min(a), max(a) + d, d))

plt.grid()

plt.show()

绘制为条形图

数据经过初步处理了，可以绘制为条形图，警告设置展现为直方图

重点在设置x轴的刻度

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

# 中文
import matplotlib

font = {'family': 'MicroSoft Yahei',
        'weight': 'bold',
        'size': '10'}
matplotlib.rc('font', **font)

interval = [0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 60, 90]
width = [5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 15, 30, 60]
quantity = [836, 2737, 3723, 3926, 3596, 1438, 3273, 642, 824, 613, 215, 47]

plt.bar(range(len(quantity)), quantity, width=1)

# 设置 x轴刻度
_xtick = [i - 0.5 for i in range(len(quantity) + 1)]
_xlabel = interval + [150]
plt.xticks(_xtick, _xlabel)

plt.grid(alpha=0.2)
plt.show()