利用netty实现前后端交互

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-06 13:23:07 发布

lujunskli

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-06 13:23:07 发布

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分类专栏： netty

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lujunskli/article/details/117265330

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本文档展示了如何使用Netty构建WebSocket服务器，并初始化处理器及助手类，实现服务器与前端的实时通信。前端通过WebSocket连接到服务器，发送和接收消息。WebSocketServerInitializer设置HTTP编解码器和WebSocketServerProtocolHandler，MessageHandler管理通道并处理接收到的消息。

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项目结构
在这里插入图片描述

1.创建启动器

public class WssServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        EventLoopGroup main = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup sub = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            serverBootstrap.group(main,sub).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .childHandler(new WsServerInitiazer());
            ChannelFuture channelFutur = serverBootstrap.bind(8088).sync();
            channelFutur.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            main.shutdownGracefully();
            sub.shutdownGracefully();
        }

    }
}

2.初始化器

public class WsServerInitiazer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();
        //websocket基于http协议 所以要有一个http编解码器
        pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
        //对于一个大数据流读写的支持
        pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());
        //对于http message进行一些聚合 生成FullHttpRequest huo FullHttpResponse
        pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(1024*64));

        //====================以上用于支持http支持===========================
        // websocket 服务器处理协议 用于指定给客户端连接访问的路由
        /*
        * 本handler会帮你处理一些繁重复杂的事 会帮你完成握手操作 handshanking(close ping pong)=心跳
        * 对于websocket来说 都是以frames来传输的 不同的数据类型对应的framers也不同
        * */
        pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/ws"));

        //添加自定义的助手类
        pipeline.addLast(new MessageHandler());
    }
}

3.助手类

public class MessageHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> {

    //用于记录和管理channel
    private static ChannelGroup clients = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);

    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, TextWebSocketFrame msg) throws Exception {
        //获取客户端传来的信息
        String text = msg.text();
        System.out.println(text);

        clients.stream().forEach(s->s.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("[服务器接收到消息]"+ LocalDateTime.now()+"--"+msg)));

        //这个和上面的方法一致
//        clients.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("[服务器接收到消息]"+ LocalDateTime.now()+"--"+msg));
    }

    /*
     *客户端打开连接
     * */
    @Override
    public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        Channel channel = ctx.channel();
        clients.add(channel);

    }

    @Override
    public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        //当触发 这个我们的channelgroup会自动清楚这个
        //clients.remove(ctx.channel());
        System.out.println(ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
        System.out.println(ctx.channel().id().asShortText());
    }
}

前端代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>Document</title>
  </head>
  <body>
        
    <div>发送消息:</div>
    <input type="text" id="msgContent"/>
    <input type="button" value="点我发送" onclick="CHAT.chat()"/>
    
    <div>接受消息：</div>
    <div id="receiveMsg" style="background-color: gainsboro;"></div>
    
    <script type="application/javascript">
        
        window.CHAT = {
            socket: null,
            init: function() {
                if (window.WebSocket) {
                    CHAT.socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8088/ws");
                    CHAT.socket.onopen = function() {
                        console.log("连接建立成功...");
                    },
                    CHAT.socket.onclose = function() {
                        console.log("连接关闭...");
                    },
                    CHAT.socket.onerror = function() {
                        console.log("发生错误...");
                    },
                    CHAT.socket.onmessage = function(e) {
                        console.log("接受到消息：" + e.data);
                        var receiveMsg = document.getElementById("receiveMsg");
                        var html = receiveMsg.innerHTML;
                        receiveMsg.innerHTML = html + "<br/>" + e.data;
                    }
                } else {
                    alert("浏览器不支持websocket协议...");
                }
            },
            chat: function() {
                var msg = document.getElementById("msgContent");
                CHAT.socket.send(msg.value);
            }
        };
        
        CHAT.init();
        
    </script>
</body>
</html>