银行贷款预测分析（Loan Prediction）

贷款数据的预测分析，通过使用python来分析申请人哪些条件对贷款有影响，并预测哪些客户更容易获得银行贷款。

数据来源 Loan Prediction：https://datahack.analyticsvidhya.com/contest/practice-problem-loan-prediction-iii/

提出问题：哪些客户更容易获得银行贷款？

导入数据

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
%matplotlib inline

# 导入数据
full_data = pd.read_csv('loan_train.csv')
full_data.shape

(614, 13)

数据有614行，13列。

查看前五行数据

full_data.head()

	Loan_ID	Gender	Married	Dependents	Education	Self_Employed	ApplicantIncome	CoapplicantIncome	LoanAmount	Loan_Amount_Term	Credit_History	Property_Area	Loan_Status
0	LP001002	Male	No	0	Graduate	No	5849	0.0	NaN	360.0	1.0	Urban	Y
1	LP001003	Male	Yes	1	Graduate	No	4583	1508.0	128.0	360.0	1.0	Rural	N
2	LP001005	Male	Yes	0	Graduate	Yes	3000	0.0	66.0	360.0	1.0	Urban	Y
3	LP001006	Male	Yes	0	Not Graduate	No	2583	2358.0	120.0	360.0	1.0	Urban	Y
4	LP001008	Male	No	0	Graduate	No	6000	0.0	141.0	360.0	1.0	Urban	Y

一、理解数据

Loan_ID 贷款人ID

Gender 性别 (Male, female)

ApplicantIncome 申请人收入

Coapplicant Income 申请收入

Credit_History 信用记录

Dependents 亲属人数

Education 教育程度

LoanAmount 贷款额度

Loan_Amount_Term 贷款时间长

Loan_Status 贷款状态 （Y, N）

Married 婚姻状况（NO,Yes）

Property_Area 所在区域包括：城市地区、半城区和农村地区

Self_Employed 职业状况：自雇还是非自雇

查看描述统计数据

full_data.describe()

	ApplicantIncome	CoapplicantIncome	LoanAmount	Loan_Amount_Term	Credit_History
count	614.000000	614.000000	592.000000	600.00000	564.000000
mean	5403.459283	1621.245798	146.412162	342.00000	0.842199
std	6109.041673	2926.248369	85.587325	65.12041	0.364878
min	150.000000	0.000000	9.000000	12.00000	0.000000
25%	2877.500000	0.000000	100.000000	360.00000	1.000000
50%	3812.500000	1188.500000	128.000000	360.00000	1.000000
75%	5795.000000	2297.250000	168.000000	360.00000	1.000000
max	81000.000000	41667.000000	700.000000	480.00000	1.000000

查看数据集

full_data.info()

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
RangeIndex: 614 entries, 0 to 613
Data columns (total 13 columns):
Loan_ID              614 non-null object
Gender               601 non-null object
Married              611 non-null object
Dependents           599 non-null object
Education            614 non-null object
Self_Employed        582 non-null object
ApplicantIncome      614 non-null int64
CoapplicantIncome    614 non-null float64
LoanAmount           592 non-null float64
Loan_Amount_Term     600 non-null float64
Credit_History       564 non-null float64
Property_Area        614 non-null object
Loan_Status          614 non-null object
dtypes: float64(4), int64(1), object(8)
memory usage: 62.4+ KB

看到数据有缺失值，需要后面进一步处理

二、从单变量进行分析

1. 分析目标变量Loan_Status贷款状态

#目标变量统计
full_data['Loan_Status'].value_counts()

Y    422
N    192
Name: Loan_Status, dtype: int64

#统计百分比
full_data['Loan_Status'].value_counts(normalize=True)

Y    0.687296
N    0.312704
Name: Loan_Status, dtype: float64

sns.countplot(x='Loan_Status', data=full_data, palette = 'Set1')

614个人中有422人（约69％）获得贷款批准

2.Gender 性别特征

full_data['Gender'].value_counts(normalize=True)

Male      0.813644
Female    0.186356
Name: Gender, dtype: float64

sns.countplot(x='Gender', data=full_data, palette = 'Set1')

数据集中80％的申请人是男性。

3.Married婚姻特征

full_data['Married'].value_counts(normalize=True).plot.bar(title= 'Married')

有65％的申请贷款的人是已经结婚。

4.Dependent亲属特征

Dependents=full_data['Dependents'].value_counts(normalize=True)
Dependents

0     0.575960
1     0.170284
2     0.168614
3+    0.085142
Name: Dependents, dtype: float64

Dependents.plot.bar(tit