python中文路径与英文路径的拼接

总述：

介绍几种拼接中文路径和英文路径的常用方式，和几种坑。如果没时间看坑，直接跳到最后即可

常见错误：

1.通过"{}{}{}".format()来拼接

path1 = "D:/中文/"
path2 = "test/"
def test_road(path1,path2):
    path = "{}{}{}".format(path1,path2,"hhh.txt")
    with open(path,'rb')as f:
        print f.read()

确实可以拼接成功，不过路径变成了酱样子

IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'D:/\xe4\xb8\xad\xe6\x96\x87/test/hhh.txt'

怎么办呢？一般中文可以通过unicode来强制编码解决

path1 = "D:/中文/"
path2 = "test/"
def test_road(path1,path2):
    path1 = unicode(path1,"utf8")   #加入这一句，强制把格式转化为utf8
    path = "{}{}{}".format(path1,path2,"hhh.txt")
    with open(path,'rb')as f:
        print f.read()

出现了以下错误：

UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 3-4: ordinal not in range(128)

这下没辙了，换过一种字符串的拼接方式吧。字符串可以直接用+号拼接

path1 = "D:/中文/"
path2 = "test/"
def test_road(path1,path2):
    path1 = unicode(path1,"utf8")
    # path = "{}{}{}".format(path1,path2,"hhh.txt")
    path = path1+path2+"hhh.txt"   #换过一种字符串拼接方式
    with open(path,'rb')as f:
        print f.read()

这次就成功了。

总结：

python里面中英文字符串拼接的时候要注意：

1.使用+号拼接字符串，

2.在连接之前把含有中文的字符串强制转码，path = unicode(path,'utf8')

成功案例：

path1 = "D:/中文/"
path2 = "test/"
def test_road(path1,path2):
    path1 = unicode(path1,"utf8")
    path = path1+path2+"hhh.txt"
    with open(path,'rb')as f:
        print f.read()

在拼接之后才转码也是可以的

path1 = "D:/中文/"
path2 = "test/"
def test_road(path1,path2):
    path = path1+path2+"hhh.txt"
    path = unicode(path,'utf8')   #在完成拼接之后转码
    with open(path,'rb')as f:
        print f.read()