一. 框架详情
Spring 是一个轻量级的Java开发框架,它是为了解决企业应用开发的复杂性而创建的。Spring的用途不仅限于服务器端的开发。从简单性、可测试性和松耦合的角度而言,任何Java应用都可以从Spring中受益。 简单来说,Spring是一个轻量级的控制反转(IoC)和面向切面(AOP)的容器框架。
SpringMVC 属于SpringFrameWork的后续产品,分离了控制器、模型对象、分派器以及处理程序对象的角色,这种分离让它们更容易进行定制。
MyBatis 是一个基于Java的持久层框架。MyBatis提供的持久层框架包括SQL Maps和Data Access Objects(DAO)它消除了几乎所有的JDBC代码和参数的手工设置以及结果集的检索。MyBatis 使用简单的 XML或注解用于配置和原始映射,将接口和 Java映射成数据库中的记录。
二. 创建Maven项目
1.项目结构如下
2. Maven引入需要的JAR包
<properties>
<spring.version>3.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
<json-version>1.8.4</json-version>
<xml-version>1.4.7</xml-version>
<!-- mysql驱动版本号 -->
<mysql-driver.version>5.1.29</mysql-driver.version>
<mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
<slf4j.version>1.7.18</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 添加jstl依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加junit4依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加spring核心依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加mybatis依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加mybatis/spring整合包依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加mysql驱动依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql-driver.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加数据库连接池依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.1.41</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加日志相关jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<!-- 映入JSON -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-jaxrs-json-provider</artifactId>
<version>2.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId>
<artifactId>jsr311-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
<artifactId>groovy-all</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
<artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<classifier>jdk15</classifier>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.3.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<configuration>
<warSourceDirectory>src/main/webapp</warSourceDirectory>
<warName>Spring4MVCRestServiceDemo</warName>
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<finalName>com.ttook.springmvc</finalName>
</build>
3.创建model
创建一个model包并在其下创建一个Person.Java文件。
package com.ttook.springmvc;
public class Person {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3727979363425652597L;
private int uid;
private String uname;
private String usex;
private int uage;
private String uaddress;
public Person() {
super();
}
public Person(int uid, String uname, String usex, int uage, String uaddress) {
this.uid = uid;
this.uname = uname;
this.usex = usex;
this.uage = uage;
this.uaddress = uaddress;
}
public int getUid() {
return uid;
}
public void setUid(int uid) {
this.uid = uid;
}
public String getUname() {
return uname;
}
public void setUname(String uname) {
this.uname = uname;
}
public String getUsex() {
return usex;
}
public void setUsex(String usex) {
this.usex = usex;
}
public int getUage() {
return uage;
}
public void setUage(int uage) {
this.uage = uage;
}
public String getUaddress() {
return uaddress;
}
public void setUaddress(String uaddress) {
this.uaddress = uaddress;
}
}
4.创建dao接口
创建一个包dao,并在其下创建一个PersonDao.java文件作为DAO接口。
package com.ttook.springmvc.dao;
import com.ttook.springmvc.Person;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
public interface PersonDao {
public Person queryPersonById(int id) ;
}
5.实现dao接口
在resource/mappering包下创建一个PersonMapper.xml文件作为上一步创建的DAO接口的实现。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.ttook.springmvc.dao.PersonDao">
<select id="queryPersonById" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" resultType="com.ttook.springmvc.Person">
SELECT * FROM testTable
WHERE uid = #{uid}
</select>
</mapper>
6. 创建service接口
package com.ttook.springmvc.service;
import com.ttook.springmvc.Person;
import java.util.List;
public interface IPersonServices {
public Person queryPersonById(int id);
public List<Person> queryPersonAll(int id);
}
7. 实现service接口
package com.ttook.springmvc.service;
import com.ttook.springmvc.Person;
import com.ttook.springmvc.dao.PersonDao;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class IPersonServicesImpl implements IPersonServices {
private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(IPersonServicesImpl.class);
@Autowired
PersonDao personDao;
public Person queryPersonById(int id) {
logger.info("queryPersonById === " + id);
Person person = personDao.queryPersonById(id);
return person;
}
public List<Person> queryPersonAll(int id) {
return null;
}
}
8. 创建controller接口
package com.ttook.springmvc.controller;
import com.ttook.springmvc.Person;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
@Repository
public interface IPersonController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello", produces = "text/plain;charset=UTF-8")
public @ResponseBody
String hello();
@RequestMapping(value = "/say/{msg}", produces = "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
public @ResponseBody
String say(@PathVariable(value = "msg") String msg);
@RequestMapping(value = "/getPerson/{id:\\d+}", method = RequestMethod.GET, produces = "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
public @ResponseBody
String getPerson(@PathVariable("id") int id);
@RequestMapping(value = "/deletePerson/{id:\\d+}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
public @ResponseBody Object deletePerson(@PathVariable("id") int id) ;
/**
* 推荐使用,这种可以解决绝大多数问题
* @param person
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/addPerson", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON,"application/json;charset=UTF-8"},
consumes = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON,MediaType.APPLICATION_XML})
public String addPerson(Person person);
@RequestMapping(value = "/updatePerson", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
public @ResponseBody Object updatePerson(@RequestBody Person person);
}
9. 实现controller接口
package com.ttook.springmvc.controller;
import com.ttook.springmvc.Person;
import com.ttook.springmvc.service.IPersonServices;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class IPersonControllerImpl implements IPersonController {
/** 日志实例 */
private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(IPersonControllerImpl.class);
@Autowired
IPersonServices iPersonServices;
public @ResponseBody
String hello() {
logger.info("hello........");
return "你好!hello";
}
public @ResponseBody
String say(@PathVariable(value = "msg") String msg) {
return "{\"msg\":\"you say:'" + msg + "'\"}";
}
public @ResponseBody
String getPerson(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
Person person=iPersonServices.queryPersonById(id);
JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(person);
logger.info(jsonObject);
logger.info(jsonObject.toString());
return jsonObject.toString();
}
public Object deletePerson(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
logger.info("删除人员信息id=" + id);
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put("msg", "删除人员信息成功");
return jsonObject;
}
public @ResponseBody
String addPerson(@RequestBody Person person) {
logger.info("注册人员信息成功id=" + person.getUid());
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put("msg", "注册人员信息成功");
return jsonObject.toString();
}
public @ResponseBody Object updatePerson(@RequestBody Person person) {
logger.info("更新人员信息id=" + person.getUid());
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put("msg", "更新人员信息成功");
return jsonObject.toString();
}
}
5. 相关配置文件配置,整合SSM框架
web.xml配置文件
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>springMVCRestful</display-name>
<!--JDBC-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- spring mvc servlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVCRestful</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVCRestful</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 如果有乱码我们则需要配置字符编码集的过滤器来防止乱码问题 -->
<!-- 编码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
spring.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ttook.springmvc"/>
<!-- 第一种方式:加载一个properties文件 -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClasss}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbcUrl}"/>
<property name="username" value="${username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
<!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
<!--连接池最大数量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
<!--连接池最大空闲 -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
<!--连接池最小空闲 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
<!--获取连接最大等待时间 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- mybatis和spring完美整合,不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapping/PersonMapper.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- DAO接口所在包名,Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.ttook.springmvc.dao"/>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>
springMVC.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"
>
<!-- 初始化com.ttook.springmvc目录下面的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ttook.springmvc"></context:component-scan>
<!--避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 启动SpringMVC的注解功能,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"/> <!-- JSON转换器 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!--配置spring MVC的注解 驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
jdbc.properties文件
driverClasss=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.117:3306/数据库名?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
username=账号
password=密码
#定义初始连接数
initialSize=0
#定义最大连接数
maxActive=20
#定义最大空闲
maxIdle=20
#定义最小空闲
minIdle=1
#定义最长等待时间
maxWait=60000
6. 请求接口地址并返回json数据
请求地址:
http://localhost:8088/lxf/test/getPerson/1001
返回值:
{"uaddress":"北京","uage":27,"uid":1001,"uname":"XXX","usex":"男"}