Android Camera （三）通过Camera API拍照

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-25 11:30:49 发布

lynchyo

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-25 11:30:49 发布

阅读量808

点赞数

分类专栏： Android UI

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lynchyo/article/details/38018549

版权

Android UI 专栏收录该内容

30 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

Camera类：最主要的类，用于管理Camera设备，本文中主要用到以下方法：

open()：通过open方法获取Camera实例。
setPreviewDisplay(SurfaceHolder)：设置预览拍照
startPreview()：开始预览
stopPreview()：停止预览
release():释放Camera实例
takePicture(Camera.ShutterCallback shutter, Camera.PictureCallback raw, Camera.PictureCallback jpeg)：这个是拍照要执行的方法，包含了三个回调参数。Shutter是快门按下时的回调，raw是获取拍照原始数据的回调，jpeg是获取经过压缩成jpg格式的图像数据。在本文中需要实现最后一个回调，参见下面。

Camera.PictureCallback接口：该回调接口包含了一个onPictureTaken(byte[]data, Camera camera)方法。在这个方法中可以保存图像数据。

SurfaceView类：用于控制预览界面

SurfaceHolder.Callback接口：用于处理预览的事件，需实现如下三个方法：

surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder)：预览界面创建时调用，每次界面改变后都会重新创建，需要获取相机资源并设置SurfaceHolder。

surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height):预览界面发生变化时调用，每次界面发生变化之后需要重新启动预览。

surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder)：预览销毁时调用，停止预览，释放相应资源。

通过Camera方式来实现拍照

通过Camera方式会比通过Intent方式获得更为丰富的功能。通常创建一个定制化的Camera需要如下步骤：

(1) 通过Camera.open()来获取Camera实例；

(2) 创建Preview类，需要继承SurfaceView类并实现SurfaceHolder.Callback接口；

(3) 为相机设置Preview；

(4) 构建一个Preview的Layout来预览相机；

(5) 为拍照建立Listener以获取拍照后的回调；

(6) 拍照并保存文件；

(7) 释放Camera。

1、在AndroidManifest.xml中添加：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />  
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />  
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />  
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="cn.dennishucd"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="10" />
    
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />  
	<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />  
	<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />  
	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

    <application
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name" >
        <activity
            android:name=".AndroidCameraActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" 
            android:screenOrientation="landscape">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

2、AndroidCameraActivity类：

package cn.dennishucd;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class AndroidCameraActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener, PictureCallback {
    private CameraSurfacePreview mCameraSurPreview = null;
    private Button mCaptureButton = null;
    private String TAG = "Dennis";
    
    @Override  
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        setContentView(R.layout.main);  
        
        // Create our Preview view and set it as the content of our activity.
        FrameLayout preview = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.camera_preview);
        mCameraSurPreview = new CameraSurfacePreview(this);
        preview.addView(mCameraSurPreview);  
        
     // Add a listener to the Capture button
        mCaptureButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_capture);
        mCaptureButton.setOnClickListener(this);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {

    	//save the picture to sdcard
    	File pictureFile = getOutputMediaFile();
        if (pictureFile == null){
            Log.d(TAG, "Error creating media file, check storage permissions: ");
            return;
        }

        try {
            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(pictureFile);
            fos.write(data);
            fos.close();
            
            Toast.makeText(this, "Image has been saved to "+pictureFile.getAbsolutePath(), 
            		Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            Log.d(TAG, "File not found: " + e.getMessage());
        } catch (IOException e) {
        	Log.d(TAG, "Error accessing file: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        
        // Restart the preview and re-enable the shutter button so that we can take another picture
 		camera.startPreview();
 		
 		//See if need to enable or not
 		mCaptureButton.setEnabled(true);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
    	mCaptureButton.setEnabled(false);
    	
        // get an image from the camera
    	mCameraSurPreview.takePicture(this);
    }
    
    private File getOutputMediaFile(){  
    	//get the mobile Pictures directory  
        //File picDir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES);  
        File picDir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM);
        //get the current time  
        String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date());   
          
        return new File(picDir.getPath() + File.separator + "IMAGE_"+ timeStamp + ".jpg");    
    }
}

3、CameraSurfacePreview类：

package cn.dennishucd;

import java.io.IOException;
import android.content.Context;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;

public class CameraSurfacePreview extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    private Camera mCamera;

    public CameraSurfacePreview(Context context) {
        super(context);

        // Install a SurfaceHolder.Callback so we get notified when the
        // underlying surface is created and destroyed.
        mHolder = getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
        // deprecated setting, but required on Android versions prior to 3.0
        mHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
    }

    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
    	
    	Log.d("Dennis", "surfaceCreated() is called");
    	
        try {
			// Open the Camera in preview mode
			mCamera = Camera.open();
			mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Log.d("Dennis", "Error setting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int w, int h) {
    	
    	Log.d("Dennis", "surfaceChanged() is called");
    	
        try {
            mCamera.startPreview();

        } catch (Exception e){
            Log.d("Dennis", "Error starting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
    	if (mCamera != null) {
    		mCamera.stopPreview();
        	mCamera.release();
        	mCamera = null;
    	}
    	
    	Log.d("Dennis", "surfaceDestroyed() is called");
    }
    
    public void takePicture(PictureCallback imageCallback) {
		mCamera.takePicture(null, null, imageCallback);
	}
}

4、Layout文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
  <FrameLayout
    android:id="@+id/camera_preview"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    />

  <Button
    android:id="@+id/button_capture"
    android:text="Capture"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_gravity="center"
    />
</LinearLayout>

5、拍完照之后，可以在存储卡中的DCIM目录下可以找到保存的照片。